词条 | Perm-36 |
释义 |
During recent years, the museum has seen a withdrawal of support and funding by regional government organizations, which forced it to close in April 2014. Coming during a period of renewed popularity and nostalgia in Russia for the Soviet Union and patriotism due to the Crimean crisis, this is seen by many as an organized campaign against the Museum. Russian media and some nationalist organisations, e.g. Sut' Vremeni, started describing the museum as a fifth column.[5] The museum receives an average 35,000 visitors a year.[2] It was a founding member of the International Coalition of Historic Sites of Conscience.[2] In 2004, the World Monuments Fund included Perm 36 in its Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites. Nowadays the museum is open to the public.[6] DescriptionFrom the "Perm-36" Museum English brochure:
In 2004, the World Monuments Fund included "Perm-36" in the list of 100 protected monuments of world culture. Currently, there is a procedure for incorporating the museum as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since 2005, every year "Perm -36" an international forum takes place, "Pilorama" ("The Sawmill" (more precisely "Power-saw bench") ru:Пилорама (форум), with meetings with famous people, film screenings, exhibitions and concerts. It attracts thousands of people, including former prisoners and human rights activists, including the Human Rights Commissioner in Russia Vladimir Lukin. The "Sawmill" is criticized and attacked by former prison guards of Perm-36 and some of the social movements of Stalinist focus. They argue that the forum organizers deliberately embellished the severity of custody "for anti-Soviet propaganda", while ignoring, as they said, prison records and evidence of the guards themselves.[8] In autumn 2013 an autonomous non-commercial organization "Memorial Museum of the History of Political Repression "Perm- 36" has received the status of a federal non-commercial organization and its museum was included in the list of Russian national places of remembrance. In 2014, a state museum with similar name was created and gradually started a creeping seizure of management of the Perm-36 museum.[9] Excursions were banned for a long time under various pretexts[10] and after a refurbishment the exposition was modified to remove references to Stalin, Brezhnev or the actual reasons why the prisoners ended up in the camp. More focus was placed on prisoners jailed for nationalist views (e.g. Ukrainian, Polish).[11][12] LinksOfficial websiteReferences1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | title = "Perm-36" Soviet political repression camp (GULAG) & Chusovaya History Museum excursion | work = Ural tours | publisher = Krasnov Travel Agency, Perm, Russia | date = 2014 | url = http://www.uraltourism.com/perm36.php | format = | doi = | accessdate = July 10, 2014}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web | title = The museum of history of political repressions "Perm-36" | work = Official web page | publisher = Russian Cultural Heritage Network | date = 2012 | url = http://www.russianmuseums.info/M3029#web | format = | doi = | accessdate = July 10, 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web | title = Gulag Museum at Perm-36 | work = List of founders | publisher = International Coalition of Sites of Conscience, New York | date = 2014 | url = http://www.sitesofconscience.org/founders/gulag-museum-at-perm-36-russia/ | format = | doi = | accessdate = July 10, 2014}} 4. ^{{Cite news | last = Stanley | first = Alessandra | title = Lest Russians forget, a museum of the Gulag | newspaper = New York Times | location = New York | pages = | language = | publisher = The New York Times Co. | date = October 29, 1997 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/29/world/lest-russians-forget-a-museum-of-the-gulag.html | accessdate = }} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.gazeta.ru/culture/2014/07/25/a_6145885.shtml | title=Осторожно, зона закрывается | publisher=Gazeta.ru | date=2014-07-25 | accessdate=2014-07-26 |author1=Алексей Крижевский |author2=Наталия Митюшева |author3=Татьяна Сохарева }} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://itk36.ru/|title=Мемориальный комплекс музей политических репрессий Пермского края Пермь 36|website=itk36.ru|access-date=2016-09-19}} 7. ^ Museum Perm-36 8. ^ "Sawmill" 9. ^http://59.ru/text/newsline/892938.html {{ru icon}} 10. ^http://59.ru/text/newsline/898102.html {{ru icon}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-31711287|title=Stalin wiped from Soviet Gulag prison museum|last=Peter|first=Laurence|publisher=BBC News|access-date=2016-05-16}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://blog.victimsofcommunism.org/perm-36-erasing-the-gulags/|title=Perm-36: Erasing the Gulags|website=Dissident|language=en-us|access-date=2016-05-16}} 4 : Political repression in the Soviet Union|Camps of the Gulag|Open-air museums in Russia|Museums in Perm Krai |
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