| 词条 | Persoonia falcata |
| 释义 |
| name = Wild pear | image = Snotty Gobble (Persoonia Falcata) (1355208082).jpg | genus = Persoonia | species = falcata | authority = R.Br.[1] | synonyms = Linkia falcata (R.Br.) Kuntze Persoonia mimosoides A.Cunn. ex Benth. | range_map = PersooniafalcataDistMap27.png | range_map_caption = Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium }}Persoonia falcata, commonly known as the wild pear, is a shrub native to northern Australia.[2] TaxonomyThe species was first formally described by Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1810 in his paper On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae, having been collected at Endeavour River in what is now north Queensland.[1] Its species name is the Latin adjective falcata "sickle-shaped" from falx "sickle", and refers to the shape of the leaves. In 1870, George Bentham published the first infrageneric arrangement of Persoonia in Volume 5 of his landmark Flora Australiensis. He divided the genus into three sections, placing P. falcata into the otherwise wholly Western Australian P. sect. Pycnostyles.[3] The 1995 Flora of Australia revision of the genus saw it classified in the Teretifolia group, along with nine species from southwest Western Australia. These species have very short tepals compared with other persoonias.[4] The indigenous people of Groote Eylandt in their Enindhilyagwa language have the name awulka for the species and the people of Yirrkala in the Rirratjingu language have the name dangapa for it.[5] DescriptionPersoonia falcata grows as a woody shrub or small tree, anywhere from {{convert|1|to|9|m|ft|abbr=on}} high. The thick dark grey bark is layered and flaky. The pale green-grey leaves are {{convert|8|–|35|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|0.4|–|3|cm|in|abbr=on}} wide, and oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate or falcate in shape. The yellow flowers appear from June to November.[6] The yellow-green fruit, known as drupes, appear from October to February. Edible, they are eaten raw by local aborigines.[7]Distribution and habitatPersoonia falcata ranges across a broad swathe of northern Australia, generally within {{convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} of the coastline.[6] In the northwest of Western Australia it is found in the Great Sandy Desert and vicinity of Broome,[8] eastwards across the Northern Territory into northern Queensland, with the Blackdown Tableland marking the southeastern limit of its range.[6]It grows along watercourses, gorges and sandstone outcrops, generally on sandstone-based or alluvial soils.[8] It is also found on granite-based and lateritic soils, and rarely clay.[6] It grows in Eucalyptus, Melaleuca, or mixed open woodland communities.[6] Cultivation and usesAttempts to grow Persoonia falcata at the Royal Botanic Gardens of Sydney and Melbourne have failed, as plants planted into soil have perished.[4] Aborigines would use a solution infused with wood and bark as an eye wash, and drink an infusion from the leaves to treat chest colds and diarrhoea. Leaves could also be applied to circumcision wounds.[7] References1. ^1 {{APNI | name = Persoonia falcata R.Br. | id = 58887 }} 2. ^{{FloraBase | name = Persoonia falcata R.Br. | id = 2263}} 3. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author=Bentham, George |year=1870 |title=Persoonia |encyclopedia=Flora Australiensis |volume=5 |pages=380–81, 386|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26124296#page/392/mode/1up |location=London, United Kingdom |publisher= L. Reeve}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Weston, Peter H. |year=2003 |title=Proteaceae subfamily Persoonioideae: Botany of the Geebungs, Snottygobbles and their Relatives |journal=Australian Plants |volume=22 |issue=175 |pages=62–78 |issn=0005-0008}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Specht|first=Raymond|date=2006|title=Aboriginal Plant Names in Northeastern Arnhem Land: Groote Eylandt - Enindilyakwa Language; Yirrkala - Rirratjingu Language|journal=Australian Aboriginal Studies|issue=1|pages=63–67|issn=0729-4352}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{Flora of Australia Online|name=Persoonia falcata|id=44695}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|title=Native plants of northern Australia |last=Brock |first=John |year=2001|origyear=1988 |publisher=New Holland Press |location=Frenchs Forest, New South Wales |isbn=1-876334-67-3 |page=279}} 8. ^1 {{FloraBase|name=Persoonia falcata|id=2263}} External links
7 : Persoonia|Flora of the Northern Territory|Flora of Queensland|Flora of Western Australia|Proteales of Australia|Plants described in 1810|Taxa named by Robert Brown |
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