| 词条 | Pervushovisaurus |
| 释义 |
| image = Pervushovisaurus campylodon.png | image_caption = P. campylodon snout fragment, the lectotype specimen of the species | taxon = Pervushovisaurus | authority = Arkhangel'skii, 1998 | fossil_range = Late Cretaceous, {{Fossil range|99.7|94.3|ref=[1]}} | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =
}}Pervushovisaurus is a genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian, ~100-94 Ma) of the Saratov region in western Russia and the Cambridge area of the UK. It was originally described as a subgenus of Platypterygius,[2] but later work showed that it was distinct from the type species of Platypterygius, P. platydactylus, to be elevated to full generic rank.[3] The type species of Pervushovisaurus, P. bannovkensis, is known only from the holotype, SSU 104a/24, a partial skull.[4] In 2016, an additional species of Platypterygius, P. campylodon, was also referred to Pervushovisaurus.[5] DescriptionFishcer (2016) gave the emended diagnosis of Pervushovisaurus as follows, based on that of Fischer et al. (2014):[3][5] "Platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid characterized by the following autapomorphies [...]: presence of foramina along the ventral premaxillary–maxillary suture; presence of a semi-oval foramen on the lateral surface of the premaxilla, anteroventral to the external naris; presence of lateral ridges on the maxilla; presence of wide supranarial ‘wing’ of the nasal (a similar structure, although much smaller, is present in ‘Platypterygius’ australis and Acamptonectes densus) (see Kear, 2005; Fischer et al., 2012, respectively); robust splenial markedly protruding from the external surface of the mandible; root with quadrangular cross-section, with the cementum forming prominent 90° angles. Pervushovisaurus is also characterized by the following unique combination of features: secondarily closed naris surrounded by foramina (as in ‘Platypterygius’ sachicarum and ‘Platypterygius’ australis (see Paramo, 1997; Kear, 2005, respectively), and in Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi, although the ‘anterior’ naris is still present in this taxon (Maisch & Matzke, 2000; Fischer et al., 2014a)); elongated anterior process of the maxilla, reaching anteriorly the level of the nasal (unlike in Aegirosaurus leptospondylus, Sveltonectes insolitus and Muiscasaurus catheti) (Bardet & Fernández, 2000; Fischer et al., 2011a; Maxwell et al., 2015, respectively); rostrum straight (unlike in ‘Platypterygius’ americanus, ‘Platypterygius’ sachicarum, ‘Platypterygius’ australis and possibly Muiscasaurus catheti, where it is slightly curved anteroventrally Romer, 1968; Paramo, 1997; Kear, 2005; Maxwell et al., 2015, respectively); straight, non-recurved tooth crowns (unlike in Sveltonectes insolitus, Muiscasaurus catheti) (Fischer et al., 2011a; Maxwell et al., 2015, respectively)." References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://fossilworks.org/?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=173212 |title=Pervushovisaurus at Fossilworks|work=Paleobiology Database |publisher=Fossilworks |accessdate=12 August 2017}} 2. ^Arkhangel’sky, M. S., 1998, On the Ichthyosaurian Genus Platypterygius: Palaeontological Journal, v. 32, n. 6, p. 611-615. 3. ^1 {{cite journal | last1 = Fischer | first1 = Valentin | last2 = Arkhangelsky | first2 = Maxim S. | last3 = Naish | first3 = Darren | last4 = Stenshin | first4 = Ilya M. | last5 = Uspensky | first5 = Gleb N. | last6 = Godefroit | first6 = Pascal | year = 2014 | title = Simbirskiasaurus and Pervushovisaurus reassessed: implications for the taxonomy and cranial osteology of Cretaceous platypterygiine ichthyosaurs | journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 171 | issue = 4| pages = 822–841 | doi=10.1111/zoj.12158}} 4. ^Storrs, G. W., M. S. Arkhangel'skii and V. M. Efimov. 2000. Mesozoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics. pages 187-210 In Benton, M. J., M. A. Shiskin, D. M. Unwin and E. N. Kurochkin, (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 5. ^1 {{cite journal | first1 = V. | last1 = Fischer | date = 2016 | title = Taxonomy of Platypterygius campylodon and the diversity of the last ichthyosaurs. | journal = PeerJ | volume = 4 | page = e2604 | doi=10.7717/peerj.2604 | pmid=27781178 | pmc=5075704}} External links
2 : Late Cretaceous ichthyosaurs|Extinct animals of Russia |
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