“Peter Butler (trade unionist)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Peter Michael Butler {{post-nominals|country=NZL|CBE|size=85%}} (31 May 1901 – 24 September 1995) was a New Zealand seaman, trade unionist, communist and local politician.

Biography

Early life

He was born in Whiteabbey, County Antrim, Ireland on 31 May 1901.^[1] Butler was largely self-educated, yet proved an effective speaker, writer and organiser later in life. At age 16 Butler joined the Mercantile Marine reserve, serving mostly in the North Sea for the remainder of World War I. After the war Butler became one of the leaders of a militant faction in the seamen’s union and briefly courted communist ideology, which he rejected strongly later in life.^[1]

During the late 1920s and early 1930s (the duration of the depression) Butler served as secretary of the Wellington Builders' and General Labourers' Union. On 18 December 1930 Peter Butler married Doris Annie Sevina Cooper at St Paul's Cathedral Church in Wellington (an Anglican church despite Butler being a committed Catholic). Later, he and Doris reaffirmed their marriage vows at a Catholic church in Johnsonville on 28 April 1938.^[1]

Political career

In 1928 he was an organizer for Bob Semple in his successful election campaign in Wellington East for the Labour Party.^[1] In the {{NZ election link|1931}}, he unsuccessfully stood for the Labour Party in the {{NZ electorate link|Masterton}} electorate against the incumbent, George Sykes of the Reform Party.^[2] In the next election in {{NZ election link year|1935}}, he was defeated by Robert Alexander Wright in the {{NZ electorate link|Wellington Suburbs}} electorate.^[3] Butler had better success in local government. He was elected to the Wellington City Council in 1933, only after special votes were counted, and was to remain a Councillor until 1941.^[1]

He attempted to make political comeback in the 1960s, standing several times for the council on the Labour ticket in 1965, 1968 and a 1969 by-election.^[4]^[5]^[6] While polling strongly on all occasions he never managed to regain a seat.

Later life

Butler retired from his union positions in 1972. In the 1985 Queen's Birthday Honours, Butler was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the trade union movement.^[7] He died on 24 September 1995 and was buried at Whenua Tapu Cemetery near Pukerua Bay.^[8]

References

1. ^¹²³⁴{{DNZB|Franks|Peter|5b56|Peter Michael Butler|1 December 2011}}
2. ^{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1931 |year=1932 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1932-I-II.2.3.2.31 |page=3 |accessdate=2 November 2014}}
3. ^{{cite news |title=Election Results |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19351205.2.26 |accessdate=12 November 2013 |work=The Evening Post |date=5 December 1935 |volume=CXX |issue=136 |page=5}}
4. ^{{cite report |last=Petersen |first=G.A. |date=23 October 1965 |title=Declaration of Election Results |url= |publisher=Wellington City Council}}
5. ^{{cite report |last=Petersen |first=G.A. |date=23 October 1968 |title=Declaration of Election Results |url= |publisher=Wellington City Council}}
6. ^{{cite news |work =The Evening Post |page= |title=Final Results of City By-election |date=24 November 1969 }}
7. ^London Gazette (supplement), No. 50155, 14 June 1985. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pcc.govt.nz/cemetery/Frameset_search.asp |title=Cemetery search |date= |website= |publisher=Porirua City Council |accessdate=11 January 2016}}