“PKS 1302-102”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

PKS 1302-102 was selected from the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey as one of 20 quasars with apparent periodic variations in the light curve. Of these quasars, PKS 1302-102 appeared to be the best candidate in terms of sinusoidal behavior and other selection criteria, such as data coverage of more than 1.5 cycles in the measured period.^[2] One plausible interpretation of the apparent periodic behavior is the possibility of two supermassive black holes (SMBH) orbiting each other with a separation of approximately 0.1 pc in the final stages of a 3.3 billion year old galaxy merger. If this turns out to be the case, it would make PKS 1302-102 an important object of study to various areas of research, including gravitational wave studies and the unsolved final parsec problem in a merger of black holes.

Other explanations, of lesser likelihood, to the observed sinusoidal periodicity include a hot spot on the inner part of the black hole's accretion disk and the possibility of a warped accretion disk which partially eclipses in the orbit around a single SMBH.^[2] However, it also remains possible that the periodic behavior in PKS 1302-102 is indeed just a random occurrence in the light curve of an ordinary quasar, as spurious nearly-periodic variations can occur over limited time periods as part of stochastic quasar variability.^[3] Further observations of the quasar could either promote true periodicity or rule out a binary interpretation, especially if the measured light curve randomly diverges from the sinusoidal model.^[3]

References

1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Disney|first=M. J.|last2=Boyce|first2=P. J.|last3=Blades|first3=J. C.|last4=Boksenberg|first4=A.|last5=Crane|first5=P.|last6=Deharveng|first6=J. M.|last7=Macchetto|first7=F.|last8=Mackay|first8=C. D.|last9=Sparks|first9=W. B.|date=1995-07-13|title=Interacting elliptical galaxies as hosts of intermediate-redshift quasars|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v376/n6536/abs/376150a0.html|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=376|issue=6536|pages=150–153|doi=10.1038/376150a0|bibcode = 1995Natur.376..150D }}
2. ^¹²{{Cite journal|last=Graham|first=Matthew J.|last2=Djorgovski|first2=S. G.|last3=Stern|first3=Daniel|last4=Glikman|first4=Eilat|last5=Drake|first5=Andrew J.|last6=Mahabal|first6=Ashish A.|last7=Donalek|first7=Ciro|last8=Larson|first8=Steve|last9=Christensen|first9=Eric|date=2015-02-01|title=A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity|journal=Nature|volume=518|pages=74–76|doi=10.1038/nature14143|issn=0028-0836|arxiv = 1501.01375 |bibcode = 2015Natur.518...74G }}
3. ^¹{{Cite journal|last=Vaughan|first=S.|last2=Uttley|first2=P.|last3=Markowitz|first3=A. G.|last4=Huppenkothen|first4=D.|last5=Middleton|first5=M. J.|last6=Alston|first6=W. N.|last7=Scargle|first7=J. D.|last8=Farr|first8=W. M.|date=2016-09-01|title=False periodicities in quasar time-domain surveys|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=461|pages=3145–3152|doi=10.1093/mnras/stw1412|issn=0035-8711|arxiv = 1606.02620 |bibcode = 2016MNRAS.461.3145V }}
4. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite web |url= http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=PG+1302-102+&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES |title= PG 1302-102 |publisher= NED |accessdate= 2015-01-11 }}

词条	PKS 1302-102
释义	Possible black hole binary References Further reading {{sky\|13\|05\|33.01498\|-\|10\|33\|19.4266\|3500000000}}{{Infobox quasar \|name=PKS 1302-102 \|image= \|caption= \|epoch=J2000.0 \|ra={{RA\|13\|05\|33.01498}} \|dec={{DEC\|-10\|33\|19.4266}} \|constellation name=Virgo^[3] \|z=0.2784^[3] \|dist_ly={{convert\|3.5\|e9ly\|Gpc\|abbr=on\|lk=on}}^[3] \|type=FSRS, FSRQ, FSQ, QSO, E4^[3] \|appmag_v=14.9^[3] \|size_v= \|notes= \|names=PG 1302-102, PG 1302-103, ICRF J130533.0-103319, PKS 1302-102, PKS 1302-103, PKS J1305-1033, PKS B1302-102, QSO J1305-1033, QSO B1302-1017 }}PKS 1302-102 is a quasar in the Virgo constellation, located at a distance of approximately 1.1 Gpc (around 3.5 billion light-years).^[3] It has an apparent magnitude of about 14.9 mag in the V band with a redshift of 0.2784.^[3] The quasar is hosted by a bright elliptical galaxy,^[1] with two neighboring companions at distances of 3 kpc and 6 kpc. The light curve of PKS 1302-102 appears to be sinusoidal with an amplitude of 0.14 mag and a period of 1,884 ± 88 days, which suggests evidence of a supermassive black hole binary.^[2] Possible black hole binary PKS 1302-102 was selected from the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey as one of 20 quasars with apparent periodic variations in the light curve. Of these quasars, PKS 1302-102 appeared to be the best candidate in terms of sinusoidal behavior and other selection criteria, such as data coverage of more than 1.5 cycles in the measured period.^[2] One plausible interpretation of the apparent periodic behavior is the possibility of two supermassive black holes (SMBH) orbiting each other with a separation of approximately 0.1 pc in the final stages of a 3.3 billion year old galaxy merger. If this turns out to be the case, it would make PKS 1302-102 an important object of study to various areas of research, including gravitational wave studies and the unsolved final parsec problem in a merger of black holes. Other explanations, of lesser likelihood, to the observed sinusoidal periodicity include a hot spot on the inner part of the black hole's accretion disk and the possibility of a warped accretion disk which partially eclipses in the orbit around a single SMBH.^[2] However, it also remains possible that the periodic behavior in PKS 1302-102 is indeed just a random occurrence in the light curve of an ordinary quasar, as spurious nearly-periodic variations can occur over limited time periods as part of stochastic quasar variability.^[3] Further observations of the quasar could either promote true periodicity or rule out a binary interpretation, especially if the measured light curve randomly diverges from the sinusoidal model.^[3] References 1. ^{{Cite journal\|last=Disney\|first=M. J.\|last2=Boyce\|first2=P. J.\|last3=Blades\|first3=J. C.\|last4=Boksenberg\|first4=A.\|last5=Crane\|first5=P.\|last6=Deharveng\|first6=J. M.\|last7=Macchetto\|first7=F.\|last8=Mackay\|first8=C. D.\|last9=Sparks\|first9=W. B.\|date=1995-07-13\|title=Interacting elliptical galaxies as hosts of intermediate-redshift quasars\|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v376/n6536/abs/376150a0.html\|journal=Nature\|language=en\|volume=376\|issue=6536\|pages=150–153\|doi=10.1038/376150a0\|bibcode = 1995Natur.376..150D }} 2. ^¹²{{Cite journal\|last=Graham\|first=Matthew J.\|last2=Djorgovski\|first2=S. G.\|last3=Stern\|first3=Daniel\|last4=Glikman\|first4=Eilat\|last5=Drake\|first5=Andrew J.\|last6=Mahabal\|first6=Ashish A.\|last7=Donalek\|first7=Ciro\|last8=Larson\|first8=Steve\|last9=Christensen\|first9=Eric\|date=2015-02-01\|title=A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity\|journal=Nature\|volume=518\|pages=74–76\|doi=10.1038/nature14143\|issn=0028-0836\|arxiv = 1501.01375 \|bibcode = 2015Natur.518...74G }} 3. ^¹{{Cite journal\|last=Vaughan\|first=S.\|last2=Uttley\|first2=P.\|last3=Markowitz\|first3=A. G.\|last4=Huppenkothen\|first4=D.\|last5=Middleton\|first5=M. J.\|last6=Alston\|first6=W. N.\|last7=Scargle\|first7=J. D.\|last8=Farr\|first8=W. M.\|date=2016-09-01\|title=False periodicities in quasar time-domain surveys\|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society\|volume=461\|pages=3145–3152\|doi=10.1093/mnras/stw1412\|issn=0035-8711\|arxiv = 1606.02620 \|bibcode = 2016MNRAS.461.3145V }} 4. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite web \|url= http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=PG+1302-102+&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES \|title= PG 1302-102 \|publisher= NED \|accessdate= 2015-01-11 }} ^[4] }} Further reading https://arstechnica.com/science/2015/01/supermassive-black-hole-binary-discovered/ https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/08/science/in-a-far-off-galaxy-2-black-holes-dance-toward-an-explosive-union.html {{Black holes}}{{Galaxy}} 3 : Quasars\|Supermassive black holes\|Virgo (constellation)
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Possible black hole binary

References

Further reading