“SubRip”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

SubRip is a free software program for Windows which "rips" (extracts) subtitles and their timings from video. It is free software, released under the GNU GPL. SubRip is also the name of the widely used and broadly compatible subtitle text file format created by this software.

SubRip software

Using optical character recognition, SubRip can extract from live video, video files and DVDs, then record the extracted subtitles and timings as a Subrip format text file.^[3] It can optionally save the recognized subtitles as bitmaps for later subtraction (erasure) from the source video.^[4]^[5]

In practice, SubRip is configured with the correct codec for the video source, then trained by the user on the specific text area, fonts, styles,^[6] colors and video processing requirements^[7] to recognize subtitles. After trial and fine tuning, SubRip can automatically extract subtitles for the whole video source file during its playback. SubRip records the beginning and end times and text for each subtitle in the output text .srt file.^[8]

SubRip uses AviSynth to extract video frames from source video, and can rip subtitles from all video files supported by that program.

The SubRip file format, as reported on the Matroska multimedia container format website, is "perhaps the most basic of all subtitle formats."^[9] SubRip (SubRip Text) files are named with the extension .srt, and contain formatted lines of plain text in groups separated by a blank line. Subtitles are numbered sequentially, starting at 1. The timecode format used is hours:minutes:seconds,milliseconds with time units fixed to two zero-padded digits and fractions fixed to three zero-padded digits (00:00:00,000). The fractional separator used is the comma, since the program was written in France.

Formatting

Unofficially the format has very basic text formatting, which can be either interpreted or passed through for rendering depending on the processing application. Formatting is derived from HTML tags for bold, italic, underline and color:^[10]

Nested tags are allowed; some implementations prefer whole-line formatting only.

Compatibility

The SubRip .srt file format is supported by most software video players listed in Comparison of video player software. For Windows software video players that do not support subtitle playback directly, the VSFilter DirectX filter displays SubRip and other subtitle formats.^[11]

The SubRip format is supported directly by many subtitle creation/editing tools,^[12]

In August 2008, YouTube added subtitle support to its Flash video player under the "Closed Captioning" option - content producers can upload subtitles in SubRip format.^[18]

WebVTT

A format originally called WebSRT (Web Subtitle Resource Tracks) was as of October 2010 being specified by the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group for the proposed HTML5 <track> element. It shared the .srt file extension and was "broadly based on" (parts of) the SubRip format, but was not fully compatible with SubRip.^[19]^[20]

The prospective format was later renamed WebVTT (Web Video Text Track).^[21]^[22]

Google's Chrome and Microsoft's Internet Explorer 10 browsers were the first to support {{tag|track|o}} tags with WebVTT files for HTML5 videos. Mozilla Firefox implemented WebVTT in its nightly builds (Firefox 24), and as of Firefox 31 (July 24, 2014), Mozilla enabled WebVTT on Firefox by default.^[23] The feature had to be enabled in Firefox by going to the "about:config" page and setting the value of "media.webvtt.enabled" to true.^[24] YouTube began supporting WebVTT in April, 2013.^[25]

Text encoding

SubRip's default output encoding is configured as Windows-1252. However, output options are also given for many Windows code pages as well Unicode encodings, such as UTF-8 and UTF-16, with or without Byte Order Mark (BOM). Therefore, there's no de facto character encoding standard for .srt files, which means that any SubRip file parser must attempt to use Charset detection. Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) are typically used to aid detection.

A number of embedded hardware-based players only have support for ASCII or Western European fonts due to the licensing costs associated with the commercial fonts used {{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}.

See also

Notes

1. ^[https://sourceforge.net/projects/subrip/files/subrip/SubRip%201.56.1/ SubRip Download on SourceForge]
2. ^¹Zuggy, DVD, November 6, 2006.
3. ^{{Harvnb|Thaureaux|2007| pp=131–134}}
4. ^Zuggy, News, entry dated May 28, 2005.
5. ^{{Harvnb|Thaureaux|2007| p=132}}
6. ^{{Harvnb|Thaureaux|2007| p=136}}
7. ^Zuggy, Guide.
8. ^{{Harvnb |Thaureaux|2007|p=137}}
9. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.matroska.org/technical/specs/subtitles/srt.html |title=SRT Subtitles |publisher=CoreCodec Inc. |work=matroska.org |accessdate=2010-08-19}}
10. ^SubRip (.SRT) subtitles support in players – ale5000.altervista.org
11. ^{{cite book | title=实用工具软件玩家攻略 |author= 陈波, 杨涛 |publisher=清华大学出版社 |year=2006|isbn=978-7-302-11994-4 |pages=75–76 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjF2XragdYYC&pg=PA75#v=onepage&q |accessdate=2010-09-11}}
12. ^Martin, Chris (Dec 29, 2009). "15 best subtitle tools". aboutonlinetips.com; Binary Head. All apps listed support SubRip(SRT), but the article is specific about 7 of 15.
13. ^Staff (September 2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=XeoDAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PT67&dq=subrip&pg=PT67#v=onepage&q&f=false "A DivX Player for the Living Room" (Neuston Maestro DVX-1201)]. Review. hardwaremag.com; Singapore HWM.
14. ^tokig (July 13, 2003). "Review of KiSS DP-500 – Playback". nordichardware.com; Nordic Hardware.
15. ^Argosy Media Player HV335T HDD(HD1080p) Product page {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208224243/http://www.argosy.com.tw/product-detial.php?prod_id=154 |date=2010-02-08 }} argosy.com; Argosy, 2009.
16. ^Cericola, Rachel (2009-12-08). Western Digital WD TV Live HD Media Player Review. bigpicturebigsound.com; Big Picture Big Sound.
17. ^Suerte Felipe, Carlo (February 16, 2009). Get stylish with Samsung DVD-F1080. Manila Bulletin Publications. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
18. ^Chisholm and May: p. 82.
19. ^Understanding WebSRT format
20. ^WebSRT, from the WHATWG HTML draft specification, retrieved 2010-10-14
21. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9A6w3ZBDtysC&pg=PA168#v=onepage&f=false |title=Pro CSS for High Traffic Websites |first=Antony |last=Kennedy |first2=Inayaili |last2=de Leon |publisher=Apress |year=2011 |isbn= 978-1-4302-3288-9}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.gingertech.net/2011/06/27/recent-developments-around-webvtt/ |title=Recent developments around WebVTT |date=June 27, 2011 |first=Silvia |last=Pfeiffer}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Firefox 31 Release Notes|url=https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/mobile/31.0/releasenotes/}}
24. ^{{cite web|title=Implement the track element|url=https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=629350}}
25. ^{{cite web|title=Caption File - YouTube Help|url=https://support.google.com/youtube/bin/answer.py?answer=2734698&topic=3014331&ctx=topic}}