| 词条 | Suceava County | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Suceava County | native_name = Județul Suceava | native_name_lang = ro | settlement_type = County | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = Actual Suceava county CoA.png | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Suceava in Romania.svg | map_alt = Administrative map of Romania with Suceava county highlighted | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|47.58|25.76|type:adm1st_region:RO|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Romania | subdivision_type1 = Development region | subdivision_name1 = Nord-Est | subdivision_type2 = Historical region | subdivision_name2 = Southern Bukovina | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = Capital | seat = Suceava | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 8,553 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | area_rank = 2nd | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 634,810 | population_as_of = 2011 census[1] | pop_est_as_of = 2016 | population_est = 743,645 | pop_est_footnotes = [2] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | population_rank = 8th | timezone1 = | utc_offset1 = | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = (+40) 230 or (+40) 330[2] | iso_code = RO-SV | website = County Council Prefecture | footnotes = }} Suceava County ({{IPA-ro|suˈt͡ʃe̯ava}}) is a county ({{lang-ro|județ}}, {{lang-de|kreis}}) of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the southern portion of the historical region of Bukovina, while the remainder forms part of Western Moldavia proper. The county seat is Suceava. DemographicsIn 2011, Suceava County had a population of 634,810, with a population density of 74/km2. The proportion of each ethnic group is displayed as follows:[3]
Geography{{Romanian counties map|width=250px}}The county lies within the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina, but also incorporates territories from Western Moldavia proper. In terms of total area, it covers a surface of {{convert|8553|km²|sqmi}}, making it thus the second in Romania in this particular regard, just after Timiș County in Banat. The western side of the county consists of mountains from the Eastern Carpathians group: the Rodna Mountains, the Rarău Mountains, the Giumalău Mountains, and the Ridges of Bukovina, the latter with lower heights. The county's elevation decreases towards the east, with the lowest height in the Siret River valley. The rivers crossing the county are the Siret River with its tributaries: the Moldova, Suceava, and Bistrița rivers. NeighboursThe county of Suceava is bordered by the following other territorial units:
Historical county{{Infobox settlement| official_name = Județul Suceava | other_name = | settlement_type = County (Județ) | image_skyline = Muzeul Judetean din Suceava17.jpg | image_caption = The Suceava County Prefecture building from the interwar period (now the History Museum in Suceava) | image_flag = | flag_link = | image_shield = Interbelic Suceava County CoA.png | shield_link = | image_map = Romania 1930 county Suceava.png | map_caption = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Romania | subdivision_type2 = Historic region | subdivision_name2 = Bukovina | subdivision_type3 = Capital city (Reședință de județ) | subdivision_name3 = Suceava | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_party = | leader_title = Prefect | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | established_title = Established | established_date = 1925 | established_title2 = Ceased to exist | established_date2 = | area_total_km2 = 1309 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_as_of = 1930 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 121327 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | footnotes = | website = }} In the Kingdom of Romania, between the early 20th century up to the end of the 1940s, the county had a smaller size and population. The contemporary Suceava county is the result of the merger of other smaller former Romanian counties from the historical province of Bukovina that were functional mostly throughout the interwar period (e.g. Rădăuți County or Câmpulung County). The present-day Suceava County also incorporates part of Baia County. As per the administrative reform of 1938 under King Carol II, the whole counties which divided Bukovina in the Kingdom of Romania were united into a bigger land called Ținutul Suceava. As for the historical interwar Suceava County, this administrative unit was located in the northern part of Greater Romania and in the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina respectively. Its territory is situated entirely within the borders of the current Suceava County, constituting thus the central-eastern part of the contemporary namesake county. During the interwar period, it was the smallest county of Greater Romania by area, covering {{convert|1309|sqkm}}. It is bordered on the east by the counties of Dorohoi and Botoșani, to the north by Rădăuți County, to the west by Câmpulung County, and to the south by Baia County. Administrative organizationAs of 1930, the county was administratively subdivided into three districts (plăṣi):[6]
In 1938, the county was administratively reorganized into the following districts:
PopulationAccording to the 1930 census data, the county population was 121,327, ethnically divided among Romanians (79.5%), Germans (primarily Bukovina Germans but also Zipsers) (8.2%), Jews (5.5%), Poles (2.7%), Ukrainians (1.7%), as well as other ethnic minorities.[7] By language the county was divided among Romanian (76.5%), German (9.4%), Ukrainian (5.5%), Yiddish (4.3%), Polish (2.5%), as well as other languages. From the religious point of view, the population consisted of Eastern Orthodox (80.1%), Roman Catholic (8.4%), Jewish (5.5%), Evangelical Lutheran (3.3%), Greek Catholic (1.4%), as well as other minor religions.[8] Urban populationThe county's urban population consisted of 19,850 inhabitants (17,028 in Suceava and 2,822 in Solca), ethnically divided among Romanians (61.5%), Jews (18.7%), Germans (13.9%), Poles (2.6%), as well as other ethnic minorities.[7] As a mother tongue in the urban population, Romanian (60.4%) predominated, followed by German (18.7%), Yiddish (13.8%), Ukrainian (3.2%), Polish (2.2%), as well as other minor spoken languages. From the religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 60.6% Eastern Orthodox, 18.8% Jewish, 15.3% Roman Catholic, 2.0% Greek Catholic, 1.7% Evangelical Lutheran, 0.7% Baptist, as well as other confessional minorities.[8] EconomyThe predominant industries/economic sectors in the county are as follows:
Suceava occupies the first place among the Romanian cities with most the commercial spaces per inhabitant.[9] Notable supermarket chains correlated with the aforementioned economic areas: Metro, Carrefour, Auchan, Selgros, Kaufland, and Lidl (some of the biggest supermarket chains in Romania). TourismSuceava has been designated "European destination of excellence" by the European Commission.[10] Suceava is ranked 3rd in Romania regarding the tourist accommodation capacity.[11] {{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=300|image1 = Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei la ceas de seara.jpg|caption1=Suceava medieval seat fortress |image2 = Around Suceava, Romania (10766493523).jpg|caption2=Arable lands near the city of Suceava |image3 = Iarna - panoramio (7).jpg|caption3=Typical winter landscape in Suceava County |image4 = Manastirea Bogdana35.jpg|caption4=Gothic Bogdana Monastery from Rădăuți }} The main touristic attractions of the county are:
PoliticsThe Suceava County Council, elected at the 2016 local government elections, is made up of 37 counselors, with the following party composition:[12]
Administrative divisionsSuceava County has 5 municipalities, 11 towns and 98 communes
2010 floodsDuring June 2010, Gheorghe Flutur, the president of Suceava County, told the Mediafax news agency that his region was one of the worst hit in the country. In the morning of June 29th, relief work was coordinated to deal with flooding that killed 21 people, and caused hundreds to be evacuated from their homes.[14] GalleryNatives and residents{{Div col}}
References{{commonscat|Suceava County}}1. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_TAB_3.xlsx | title = Population at 20 October 2011 | date = 5 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 July 2013 | publisher = INSSE | language = Romanian}} 2. ^The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market. 3. ^National Institute of Statistics, "Populația după etnie" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816034908/http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf |date=2009-08-16 }} 4. ^National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002" 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.insse.ro/cms/ro/content/popula%C5%A3ia-rom%C3%A2niei-pe-localitati-la-1-ianuarie-2016|title=Populaţia României pe localitati la 1 ianuarie 2016|date=6 June 2016|accessdate = 27 October 2017|publisher = INSSE|language=Romanian}} 6. ^Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Suceava 7. ^1 Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 434-437 8. ^1 Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 738-739 9. ^https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Local/2018-05-04/Suceava-pe-primul-loc-la-nivel-national-in-privinta-spatiilor-comerciale 10. ^https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Local/2018-03-24/Flutur-a-primit-la-Bruxelles-premiul-Suceava-destinatie-europeana-de-excelenta 11. ^https://www.newsbucovina.ro/social/205982/judetul-suceava-pe-locul-trei-tara-ca-numar-de-structuri-de-primire-turistica-dupa-brasov-si-constanta 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.2016bec.ro/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/SIAL2016_CJ_mandate.xlsx|title=Mandate de CJ pe judete si competitori|publisher=Biroul Electoral Central|date=10 June 2016|accessdate=16 June 2016|language=Romanian}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.insse.ro/cms/ro/content/popula%C5%A3ia-rom%C3%A2niei-pe-localitati-la-1-ianuarie-2016|title=Populaţia României pe localitati la 1 ianuarie 2016|date=6 June 2016|accessdate = 27 October 2017|publisher = INSSE|language=Romanian}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Romania-floods-kill-21/Article1-565018.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-07-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703154155/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Romania-floods-kill-21/Article1-565018.aspx |archivedate=2010-07-03 |df= }} External links{{Suceava County}}{{Counties (judete) of Romania}} 13 : Bukovina|Suceava County|Counties of Romania|1925 establishments in Romania|1938 disestablishments in Romania|States and territories disestablished in 1938|States and territories established in 1925|1940 establishments in Romania|1950 disestablishments in Romania|1968 establishments in Romania|States and territories established in 1940|States and territories disestablished in 1950|States and territories established in 1968 |
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