| 词条 | Populus euphratica |
| 释义 |
|status = |status_system = |image = Populus euphratica Bra63.png |image_caption = Leaves, flowers and fruits, illustration from Forest Flora of North-West and Central India, published 1874 by Kurt Stüber |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Rosids |ordo = Malpighiales |familia = Salicaceae |genus = Populus |species = P. euphratica |binomial = Populus euphratica |binomial_authority = Oliv. |synonyms =
|synonyms_ref = [1] |}} Populus euphratica, commonly known as the Euphrates poplar[2] or desert poplar, is a species of poplar tree in the willow family. DescriptionThe Euphrates poplar is a medium-sized deciduous tree that may grow to a height of about 15 m and a girth of {{convert|2.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} where conditions are favourable. The stem is typically bent and forked; old stems have thick, rough, olive-green bark. While the sapwood is white, the heartwood is red, darkening to almost black at the centre. The roots spread widely but not deeply. The leaves are highly variable in shape. The flowers are borne as catkins, those of the male are {{convert|25|-|50|mm|in|abbr=on}} long, those of the female {{convert|50|-|70|mm|in|abbr=on}}. The fruits are ovoid-lanceolate capsules, {{convert|7|-|12|mm|in|abbr=on}} long, containing tiny seeds enveloped in silky hairs.[3] Distribution and habitatThe species has a very wide range, occurring naturally from North Africa, across the Middle East and Central Asia to western China. It may be found in dry temperate broadleaf and mixed forests and subtropical dry broadleaf forests at altitudes of up to {{convert|4000|m|mile|abbr=on}} above sea level. It is a prominent component of tugay floodplain ecosystems along river valleys in arid and semi-arid regions, mixed with willow, tamarisk and mulberry in dense thickets. It grows well on land that is seasonally flooded and is tolerant of saline and brackish water. Much used as a source of firewood, its forests have largely disappeared or become fragmented over much of its natural range.[3][4] UsesThe species is used in agroforestry to provide leaves as fodder for livestock, timber and, potentially, fibre for making paper. It is also used in afforestation programs on saline soils in desert regions, and to create windbreaks and check erosion. The bark is reported to have antihelminthic properties.[3] References1. ^{{citation|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-5000084|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species|accessdate=26 September 2016}} {{commons and category-inline}}{{Wikispecies-inline}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1374188}}2. ^{{cite book |author1=Heptner, V. G. |author2=Sludskij, A. A. |orig-year=1972 |year=1992 |title=Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola |trans-title=Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats) |publisher=Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation |location=Washington DC |chapter= |url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalsofsov221992gept#page/83/mode/2up |pages=1–732}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea/products/afdbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=1335 |title=Populus euphratica |accessdate=2013-04-16 |work=Agroforestry Tree Database |first= |last= |publisher=World Agroforestry Centre |date= }} 4. ^Treshkin, S.Y., S.K. Kamalov, A. Bachiev, N. Mamutov, A.I. Gladishev and I. Aimbetov. 1998. Present status of the tugai forests in the lower Amu-Dar’ya Basin and problems of their protection and restoration. Pages 43-53 in Ecological Research and Monitoring of the Aral Sea Deltas. A Basis for Restoration. UNESCO Aral Sea Project, 1992-1996 Final Scientific Reports, UNESCO, Paris, France. 2 : Populus|Trees of Asia |
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