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词条 Sukhoi Superjet 100
释义

  1. Development

      Background    Flight testing    Certification    In service developments   Russified SSJ 

  2. Design

  3. Operational history

      Introduction    Dependability  

  4. Variants

      130-140 seat stretch    115-120 seat stretch    75 seat shrink  

  5. Orders and deliveries

  6. Specifications

  7. Accidents and incidents

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{short description|Twin-engine regional jet}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}
name = Superjet 100 image = File:Sukhoi Superjet 100 (5096752902) (cropped).jpg caption =

}}{{Infobox aircraft type

 type = Regional jet national origin = Russia manufacturer = Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant designer = Sukhoi first flight = 19 May 2008[1] introduced = 21 April 2011 with Armavia produced = 2007–present status = In service primary user = Aeroflot more users = Interjet
Yamal Airlines
Gazpromavia		 number built = program cost = US$ 1.5 billion[1] unit cost = US$31–35 million (2012)[3]
US$ 50.1 million (base, 2018)[2]		 developed from = variants with their own articles = developed into = Sukhoi Superjet 130
}}

The Sukhoi Superjet 100 ({{Lang-rus|Сухой Суперджет 100|r=Sukhoy Superdzhet 100}}) or SSJ100 is a regional jet designed by Sukhoi, a division of the United Aircraft Corporation. Its development started in 2000, it made its maiden flight on 19 May 2008 and its first commercial flight on 21 April 2011 with Armavia. The {{cvt|46-49|t|lb}} MTOW plane typically seats 87 to 98 passengers and is powered by two {{cvt|77 to 79|kN|lbf}} PowerJet SaM146 turbofans developed by a joint venture between French Safran and Russian NPO Saturn. By May 2018, 127 were in service and by September the fleet had logged 300,000 revenue flights and 460,000 hours.

Development

Background

Development began in 2000.[3] On 19 December 2002, Sukhoi Civil Aircraft and Boeing Commercial Airplanes signed a medium-term Cooperation Agreement to work together on the design. Boeing consultants had already been advising Sukhoi for a year.[4]{{vn|date=December 2018}} On 10 October 2003, the suppliers of major subsystems were selected.[5]{{vn|date=December 2018}} On 12 March 2004, the Superjet 100 was approved for sale to customers.[6]{{vn|date=December 2018}} On 13 November 2004, prototype production was authorised.[7]{{vn|date=December 2018}} In August 2005, the Russian government financed the airliner development for 7.9 billion rubles for 2005–2009.[8]{{vn|date=December 2018}}

Flight testing

On 28 January 2007, the first SSJ was transported by an Antonov 124 from Komsomolsk-on-Amur to Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast, for ground tests.[9]{{tertiary source inline|reason=appears to be a wikipedia republisher|date=December 2018}} On 26 September 2007, the Superjet was rolled out at Dzyomgi Airport in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.[10] On 13 November 2007, static tests were completed before the first flight.{{cn|date=December 2018}}

In February 2008, the SaM146 engine was first run.[11]{{not in ref given|date=December 2018}}The Gromov Flight Research Institute used an Ilyushin Il-76LL to test the engine.[12]{{self-published-inline|date=December 2018}}[13]{{Incomplete citation|date=December 2018}} On 19 May 2008, it took off for the first time from Komsomolsk-on-Amur.[14]

By October 2008, the first stage of flight testing was completed.{{cn|date=December 2018}}{{importance-inline|reason=Not informative. How many stages, consisting of what, how long? }} The second prototype was flown and the certification process was started.[15]{{vn|date=December 2018}}{{Contradict-inline|reason=The second prototype was flown before in October 2008, before its December 2008 first flight?|date=December 2018}} In December 2008, the second prototype took to the skies.[16]

Deliveries were initially scheduled to begin in late 2008, and Sukhoi predicted that three units of all variants of the Superjet 100 would be delivered by the end of 2008.[17]{{not in ref given |reason= ref states 'Initial deliveries are scheduled for 2009'|date=December 2018}} On 7 July 2008, first deliveries slipped to December 2009 as the original schedule was too optimistic.[18]{{not in ref given |reason= ref states 'first deliveries [are expected] no earlier than the third quarter of 2009' and 'first flight [...] was delayed by several months', not 'december' neither 'optimism'|date=December 2018}}

By January 2009, the first two aircraft had completed over 80 flights, and the engines had accumulated 2,300 hours of tests.[19] On 1 April 2009, the two prototypes flew {{cvt|3000|km|nmi}} from Novosibirsk to Moscow.[20] On 17 April 2009, EASA pilots flew the two prototypes.[21] On 26 July 2009, the third prototype flew.[22]

As it made its international debut at the 2009 Paris Air Show, Malév Hungarian Airlines was to order 30 Superjets worth $1 billion.[23]

As of June 2009, 13 aircraft were under construction, with the first four scheduled to be handed over to clients by the end of 2010.{{cn|date=December 2018}} After 2012, the company expected to build 70 aircraft per year. Armenian Armavia was to receive the first two, followed by Aeroflot, having ordered 30 with an option for 15 more. Other customers include Russia's Avialeasing, Swiss AMA Asset Management Advisor, and Indonesian Kartika Airlines.[23]

On 29 December 2009, deliveries were delayed until the engines were ready.[24] On 4 February 2010, the fourth prototype flew with engines removed from the first prototype due to delays in engine production, including NPO Saturn quality problems.[25]{{vn|date=December 2018}} By 28 May 2010, all engine certification tests were completed including the final simulation of a bird flock encounter.[26]

On 19 November 2010, FMS tests were completed; the FMS was developed by Canada's CMC Electronics for Thales.[27]

Certification

By June 2010, certification was 90% complete but was delayed due to SaM146 engine problems.[28]{{Contradict-inline|reason=Previous paragraph says all engine certification tests were completed by 28 May|date=December 2018}}

In September 2010, certification was expected for November.[29] In October 2010, noise was tested for certification authorities, Russian IAC and European EASA.[30] On 4 November 2010, the first production aircraft, intended for Armavia, was first flown.[31]

By November 2010, the SSJ test fleet had made 948 flights totalling 2,245 hours.[32]

By 21 December 2010, emergency evacuation (completed in 73 seconds, within the 90 imparted, with 98 volunteers and five crew) and rejected takeoff, probing the tires and brakes at maximum energy with no thrust reversal, were completed in Zhukovsky near Moscow, for IAC and EASA certification.[33]

On 3 February 2011, IAC granted a Type Certificate.[34]

EASA's Type Certificate followed on 3 February 2012, allowing operations in European countries.[35]

In service developments

In summer 2017, the business jet variant's additional fuel tanks were certified to carry 3,100 kg (6,800 lb) more fuel, increasing range from {{cvt|4420|km|nmi}} to {{cvt|6,000|km|nmi}}.[41]

London City Airport is a major destination for Irish airline CityJet, which is receiving 15 SSJ100s, but its steep 5.5° approach requires new control laws, wing flap setting and modified brakes: test flights were to begin in December 2017, with certification planned for 2018, and the modified aircraft to be available in 2019.[36]

A new "sabrelet" winglet, helping takeoff and landing performance and delivering 3% better fuel burn, will be standard and available for retrofit.[36]

Designed with CFD tools by Sukhoi and TsAGI, the “saberlets” debuted flight tests on 21 December 2017.

The SSJ100B would feature more powerful SaM146-1S18 engines, improved avionics software, enhanced high-lift devices controls and retrofittable "sabrelet" blended wingtip devices.

Its navigation system would be tested over the North Pole.

The SSJ100R would replace western components by Russian ones for government customers and countries subject to Western sanctions.[43]

Western content accounts for 55-60% of an SSJ100 cost but sanctions against Russia are tightening. A joint venture between Alenia (later part of Leonardo S.p.A.) and Sukhoi, SuperJet International, was responsible for marketing in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Japan and Oceania, though

Leonardo pulled out in early 2017 because of Superjet's poor financial performance and Sukhoi regained a 100% share in {{abbr|SCAC|Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Co.}}.[69]

Assembly is performed at the Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant in the Russian Far East, while the Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association produces components; both are upgrading their facilities and were expecting to produce 70 airframes by 2012.[52]

{{See also|Aircraft industry of Russia}}

Operational history

Introduction

On 19 April 2011, the first production aircraft was handed over to Armavia at Zvartnots Airport in Yerevan, to be operated to Moscow, Sochi and Ukrainian cities.[56] The aircraft was named after Yuri Gagarin.[57]

On 21 April, the first commercial flight landed at Moscow Sheremetyevo.[58]

The flight lasted 2 h 55 min; Armavia used the Airbus A319 on this route before switching to the Superjet 100.[59]

On 1 May, it made its first commercial flight to Venice Airport in around 4 hours, it had accumulated 50 hours in 24 flights by then.[60]

By March 2012, the six aircraft operated by Aeroflot were flying 3.9 hours/day instead of the standard 8-9 hours due to failures and parts delivery delays, and the airline asked for compensation.[61]

In August 2012, Armavia announced that it had returned both of its SSJ100s to the manufacturer.[62]

Armavia then avoided further deliveries.[63]

In February 2013, Sukhoi stated teething problems are usual in new airliners.[64]

The SSJ entered service with Mexican Interjet on 18 September 2013; in their first four weeks, the first two aircraft operated were flown 580 times over 600 hours with a daily utilisation of 9.74 hours and a dispatch reliability of 99.03%.[65]

By June 2014, Interjet had received seven SSJ100s and the dispatch reliability had increased to 99.7%.[66]

On 12 September 2014, Interjet started regular passenger flights to the US, on the Monterrey, Mexico – San Antonio, Texas route.[67]

On 3 June 2016, the Irish carrier CityJet received its first SSJ100.[68][84]

This was the first SSJ delivery to a western European airline[69] and the first new aircraft delivery of any type for CityJet.{{cn|date=December 2018}}

Dependability

On 24 December 2016, the Russian Federal Air Transport Agency grounded six jets after a tail component of an IrAero SSJ100 showed metal fatigue, leading Sukhoi to inspect the entire fleet.[70] By 27 December, all aircraft had been inspected and it had been shown that the defect was not systemic as it featured multiple redundancies and a safety margin doubling the normal loads.[71] All of Interjet's SSJ100s were also inspected.[72] Five Aeroflot and one IrAero aircraft were affected, and their faulty parts were replaced by January 2017.{{cn|date=December 2018}}

In June 2017, dispatch reliability increased to 97.85% from 96.94% a year earlier, while there were 89.6 malfunctions per 1,000 flight-hours, down by 40%.[73]

On 21 July 2017, following the discovery of horizontal stabiliser rear spar cracks, the EASA mandated compulsory inspections.[74]

Sukhoi recognises it needs to improve customer support with more responsiveness and availability for flight training, engineering and spare parts supply.[36]

In early November 2017, the Russian Federal Air Transport Agency and Italian Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) amended their bilateral airworthiness agreement, hitting SSJ export sales.[41]

In January 2018, Bloomberg reported that four of Interjet's 22 SSJ100s were being cannibalised for parts to keep others running after having been grounded for at least five months because of SaM146 maintenance delays.[75] This was later refuted by Interjet.[76] One grounded SSJ100 was due to be back in service on 19 January 2018 and the remaining three in March.[77]

In August 2018, Russian regional carrier Yakutia Airlines considered withdrawing their SSJs, after two were grounded because their engines were removed after 1,500-3,000 cycles, below the 7,000 specified, and no replacements were available.

It would use a derivative of the Irkut MC-21 composite wing and Pratt & Whitney PW1000G engines.

The SSJ100 could be stretched for 115 passengers, before the 130-seat Sukhoi Superjet 130NG.[103]

It would compete with the Airbus A220 and Embraer E-Jet E2 family.{{cn|date=December 2018}}

115-120 seat stretch

In 2016, a 12 seats stretch to reach 120 with a longer fuselage, larger wings but the same engines and tail was planned for introduction in 2020.[104]

In 2017, with a business plan for 150, a go-ahead for the NG 130-seat stretch depends on the availability of engines with sufficient thrust and was due by the end of the year.[105]

While the aircraft could carry up to 120 passengers with the existing engine, and up to 125 passengers with airframe continuous improvements, PowerJet can certificate a thrust increase of 2% within three years.[106]

Sukhoi was to decide by the first quarter of 2018 whether to launch first a shortened 75-seat or a stretched variant needing higher thrust SaM146s or an alternative engine.[36]

75 seat shrink

At the February 2018 Singapore Air Show, Sukhoi launched a 75-seat shrink, to enter service in 2022.

  • Airbus A220
  • Antonov An-148
  • Comac ARJ21
  • Embraer E-Jets/E-Jets E2
  • Mitsubishi MRJ 70/MRJ 90

|lists =
  • List of civil aircraft
  • List of jet airliners

}}

References

1. ^{{cite news |url= http://tass.ru/en/russia/689403 |title= SSJ-100 cost US$ 1.5 bln to create - Pogosian |agency= TASS |date= February 7, 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.scac.ru/en/products/list-prices/ |title= List Prices |publisher= Sukhoi civil aircraft}}
3. ^{{cite news |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 Takes Off |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121012185516/http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=-12539 |work= Kommersant |date= 19 May 2008}}
4. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/mediacenter/press/00076/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 Project History |date= 2002 |publisher= Sukhoi|access-date= 9 May 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
5. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/mediacenter/press/00057/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 Project History |date= October 2003 |publisher= Sukhoi |access-date= 9 May 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
6. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/mediacenter/press/00056/ |date= 12 March 2004 |title= Superjet 100 Program Third Stage Completion |publisher= Sukhoi |access-date= 9 May 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
7. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/mediacenter/press/00056/ |title= Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company's Board of Directors has officially affirmed the decision on the successful completion of the Fourth Program Phase |publisher= Sukhoi |access-date= 9 May 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
8. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/about/history/00089/ |title= A Government Contract For Research And Development Program on the Superjet 100 Aircraft Is Signed |publisher= Sukhoi |access-date= 9 May 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
9. ^{{cite news |title= Russia in force at Paris Air Show |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232155/http://www.moscowtopnews.com/?area=postView&id=1207 |newspaper= Moscow Top News |date= 2010-05-07}}
10. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/2007/09/26/us-russia-jet-idUSL2650515820070926 |title= Russia unveils new passenger jet |agency= Reuters |date= 26 Sep 2007}}
11. ^{{cite news |url= https://sputniknews.com/business/20080519107719405/ |title= Russian Superjet 100 makes first test flight |agency= Sputnik News |date= 19 May 2008}}
12. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.redstar.gr/Foto_red/Eng/Aircraft/Il_76_LL.html |title= IL-76 LL The flying test bed for the SaM146 engine |author= Kostas Panitsidis}}
13. ^"News." Airliner World: 11.
14. ^1 {{cite news |author= Tom Zaitsev |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-superjet-100-makes-maiden-flight-223828 |title= Superjet 100 makes maiden flight |work= Flight International |date= 19 May 2008}}
15. ^{{cite press release |title= 25 Hours in the Air |publisher= Superjet International |date= October 2008 |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120815101926/http://superjet100.com/mediacenter/news/ |archive-date=15 August 2012 }}
16. ^{{cite press release |title= Второй самолет Sukhoi Superjet 100 впервые поднялся в воздух в Комсомольске-на-Амуре |publisher= Superjet International |date= December 24, 2008 |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120311012001/http://www.sukhoi.superjet100.com/mediacenter/press/00145/ |archive-date=11 March 2012 |lang=ru}}
17. ^{{cite news|url=http://aviationweek.com/awin/sukhoi-superjet|title=Sukhoi SuperJet|date=Oct 29, 2007|work=Aviation Week Network}}
18. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/sukhoi-superjet/update-1-russia-sukhoi-sees-superjet-delivery-q3-09-source-idUSL078981720080707 |title= Russia Sukhoi sees Superjet delivery Q3 '09 |agency= Reuters |date= 7 July 2008}}
19. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/video-first-two-superjet-100s-in-formation-flight-321686 |title= Video: First two Superjet 100s in formation flight |work= Flight International |date= 27 Jan 2009}}
20. ^{{cite news |title= Russia's Sukhoi Superjet-100 tested for long haul flight |work= MosNews.com |url= http://mosnews.com/world/2009/04/01/superjet/ |date=1 April 2009 }}
21. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/104645/easa-test-pilots-fly-on-sukhoi-superjet-100.html |title= EASA pilots perform familiarization flights on board Sukhoi Superjet 100 |date= 17 April 2009 |author= Sukhoi Superjet 100}}
22. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.airframer.com/news_story.html?release=5390 |title= The Third Sukhoi Superjet 100 Joins the Flight Test Campaign |date= 25 July 2009 |author= Sukhoi Civil Aircraft }}
23. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url= http://old.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/free/2009/6/article/malev-buys-30-superjets-for-1bln/378779.html |title= Malev Buys 30 Superjets for $1Bln |work= The Moscow Times |date= 16 June 2009 }}
24. ^{{cite news |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100114050117/https://themoscowtimes.com/business/article/superjet-100-indefinitely-delayed/396945.html |title= Superjet 100 indefinitely delayed |work= The Moscow Times |date= 29 December 2009}}
25. ^{{cite magazine |author= Jon Lake |title= Russia's Regional Jet |magazine= Air International |volume= 78 |number= 5 |date= May 2010 |pages= 54–60 |location= Stamford, UK |publisher= Key Publishing |ISSN= 0306-5634}}
26. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.rt.com/news/superjet-engines-slice-dice/ |title= Superjet engines slice and dice birds |agency= Russia Today |date= 28 May 2010}}
27. ^{{cite news |url= https://sputniknews.com/russia/20101119161408263/ |title= Flight management system tests for Superjet 100 complete |agency= Sputnik News |date= 19 November 2010}}
28. ^{{cite news |author= Alexei Nepomnyashchy and Alexei Nikolsky |url= https://archive.is/20120911170400/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/vedomosti/article/sukhoi-superjet-behind-schedule/409846.html |title= Sukhoi Superjet behind schedule |work= The Moscow Times |date= 6 July 2010}}
29. ^{{cite news |author= Buyck, Cathy |url= http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines-components/news/superjet-ssj100-track-november-certification-0928 |title= SuperJet SSJ100 on track for November certification |work= Aviation Week Network |date= 29 September 2010}}
30. ^{{cite news |author= McHale, John |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 passes noise testing program |work= Military & Aerospace Electronics |date= 14 October 2010 |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110714094629/http://www.militaryaerospace.com/index/display/article-display/2298533944/articles/avionics-intelligence/news/2010/10/sukhoi-superjet_100.html}}
31. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/2010/11/page/2/ |title= First Sukhoi Superjet 100 SN 95007 production aircraft took to the air |publisher= Superjet International |date= 4 November 2010}}
32. ^{{cite news |author= Zaitsev, Tom |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/superjet-nears-end-of-drawn-out-certification-campaign-349573 |title= Superjet nears end of drawn-out certification campaign |work= Flight International |date= 11 November 2010}}
33. ^{{cite news |url= https://sputniknews.com/russia/20101221161873519/ |title= Russia's Superjet 100 moves closer to final certification |agency= Sputnik News |date= 21 December 2010}}
34. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=comm&id=news/awx/2011/02/03/awx_02_03_2011_p0-287067.xml |title= Superjet Receives Initial Type Certificate |work= Aviation Week |date= 3 February 2011}}
35. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/mediacenter/sukhoi-superjet-100-gets-type-certificate-from-easa/2012/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 gets Type Certificate from EASA |publisher= Superjet International |date= 3 February 2012}}.
36. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/sukhoi-decide-new-superjet-variant-1q-2018|title=Sukhoi to decide on new Superjet variant by 1Q 2018|author=Alan Dron|date=Nov 16, 2017|work=Aviation Week Network}}
37. ^-->They should improve hot and high airport performance and cut costs up to $70,000 per year.Parts of the wing are reinforced for the aerodynamic loads distribution change.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-sukhoi-starts-testing-first-superjet-with-444397/ |title= Sukhoi starts testing first Superjet with 'Saberlets' |date= 21 Dec 2017 |author= Stephen Trimble |work= Flightglobal}}
38. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sukhoi-studies-lower-weight-superjet-wing-designs-453423/ |title= Sukhoi studies lower-weight Superjet wing designs |date= 7 Nov 2018 |author= David Kaminski Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
39. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sukhoi-assessing-engine-options-for-russified-supe-448567/ |title= Sukhoi assessing engine options for 'Russified' Superjet |date= 14 May 2018 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
40. ^-->Sukhoi forecasts 345 sales from 2018 to 2030, mostly in post-Soviet states and some in south-east Asia and Latin America, including an improved range business jet version.Sukhoi expects to produce 30 SSJs in 2018, as in 2017.The seating capacity is to be raised to 110, and hot and high operations to 4000 m and 50°C. A freighter variant is also being studied.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sukhoi-outlines-sales-expectations-as-it-tweaks-supe-449875/ |title= Sukhoi outlines sales expectations as it tweaks Superjet |date= 2 July 2018 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
41. ^-->Sukhoi Civil Aircraft lost 5 billion roubles in two years, raising its debt to 25.3 billion roubles, but hopes for more orders from Iranian airlines to replace Boeing, Airbus, and ATR orders cancelled following the US withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal.With 30 yearly deliveries, UAC claims a 37.5% market share of 80-120 seaters, or 19% of the regional jet market.For the three years from 2018, UAC plans to invest ₽{{#expr:403*0.033round1}} billion (${{#expr:403*0.033*51/3.2round0}} million) in the SSJ.{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-07-09/kremlin-boosts-effort-toward-indigenization-ssj100 |title= Kremlin Boosts Effort toward ‘Indigenization’ of SSJ100 |author= Vladimir Karnozov |date= July 9, 2018 |work= AIN online}}
42. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sabrelet-fitted-superjet-needs-repair-after-test-acc-450164/ |title= Sabrelet-fitted Superjet needs repair after test accident |date= 12 July 2018 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
43. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=http://www.rusaviainsider.com/insight-uac-commercial-projects/|title=INSIGHT: Review of United Aircraft Corporation’s commercial projects|date=2018-08-15|work=Russian Aviation Insider|access-date=2018-08-16}}
44. ^1 2 -->Replacing US parts such as the INS, APU, and cabin by Russian or European substitutes would allow deliveries to Iran Air Tours and Iran Aseman, which signed letters of intent for 40 SSJs in 2017, but European partners will not risk US retaliation and, {{as of|2018|12|lc=y|post=,}} Sukhoi has not received any feedback from the US authorities regarding exports to Iran.{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Superjet awaits US approval for Iranian Superjet sales |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/superjet-awaits-us-approval-for-iranian-superjet-sal-454821/ |work=Flightglobal.com |date=7 January 2019}}
45. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-09-10/sukhoi-uac-planning-superjet-no-western-content |title= Sukhoi, UAC Planning Superjet With No Western Content |author= Vladimir Karnozov |date= September 10, 2018 |work= AIN online}}
46. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/2007/09/26/us-russia-jet-idUSL2650515820070926 |title= Russia unveils new passenger jet |agency= Reuters |date= 26 September 2007}}
47. ^{{cite news |url= http://rt.com/news/sukhoi-superjet-price-aircraft/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet systems can make up for any pilot mistake; UAC chief |work= Russia Today |date= 20 April 2011}}
48. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.ato.ru/content/regional-aircraft-international-market |title= Regional aircraft for international market |work= Russia CIS Observer |date= 19 July 2010 |url-access= subscription}}
49. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/376171/russia-brings-the-superjet-to-pakistan/ |title= Russia brings the Superjet to Pakistan |work= The Express Tribune |date= 9 May 2012}}
50. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russian-industry-special-new-start-for-sukhoi-216030 |title= Russian industry special: New start for Sukhoi |work= Flight International |date= 13 August 2007}}
51. ^{{cite web |title= SaM146 |publisher= PowerJet |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110429054125/http://www.powerjet.aero/pjsite/web/guest/sam146 }}
52. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |author= Maxim Pyadushkin |url= http://www.ato.ru/content/celebrating-100th-anniversary |title= Celebrating the 100th anniversary: The Sukhoi Superjet 100 makes its debut at Le Bourget |work= Russia CIS Observer |volume= 2 |issue= 25 |date= 20 June 2009}}
53. ^{{cite news |author= Maxim Pyadushkin |url= http://www.ato.ru/content/right-there |title= Right up there: Superjet 100 program needs more money to complete the certification |work= Russia CIS Observer |volume= 4 |issue= 27 |date= 4 January 2009}}
54. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/new-orders-but-no-lift-for-superjet/411118.html |title= New Orders but No Lift for Superjet |work= The Moscow Times |date= 27 July 2010}}
55. ^{{cite news |url= http://rt.com/news/superjet-100-order-book-hikes-by-50/ |title= Superjet-100 order book hikes by 50% |work= Russia Today |date= 16 June 2009}}
56. ^{{cite news |url= http://news.am/eng/news/56294.html |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 heading from Yerevan lands at Sheremetyevo airport |agency= Armenian News |date= 21 Apr 2011}}
57. ^{{cite news |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 makes first passenger flight |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110424105654/http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/04/21/49247428.html |date= Apr 21, 2011 |work= Voice of Russia}}
58. ^{{cite news |author= RIA Novosti |url= https://sputniknews.com/business/20110421163628542/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet conducts first passenger flight |work= Sputnik News |date= 21 May 2011}}
59. ^{{cite news |author= Karnozov, Vladimir |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-armavia-superjet-conducts-first-revenue-flight-355835/ |title= Pictures: Armavia Superjet conducts first revenue flight |work= Flight International |date= 21 Apr 2011}}
60. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/mediacenter/the-sukhoi-superjet-100-landed-in-venice-for-the-first-time/2011/ |title= The Sukhoi Superjet 100 landed in Venice for the first time |publisher= Superjet International |date= 1 May 2011}}
61. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.vedomosti.ru/companies/news/1533851/abonement_na_stoyanku |title= «Аэрофлот» выторговал у «Гражданских самолетов Сухого» беспрецедентные скидки |newspaper= Vedomosti |date= 13 May 2012 |lang=ru }}
62. ^{{cite news |url= https://sputniknews.com/russia/20120806175022949/ |title= Armavia Returns Superjet-100 to Manufacturer |work= Sputnik News |date= 6 August 2012}}
63. ^{{cite news |url= http://arka.am/en/news/business/owner_of_armenian_armavia_rejects_alleged_debt_for_sukhoi_superjet_100/ |title= Owner of Armenian Armavia rejects alleged debt for Sukhoi SuperJet 100 |agency= Arka news |date=16 December 2012}}
64. ^{{cite press release |url= https://www.uacrussia.ru/en/press-center/news/project-news/news_897312 |title= CJSC "Sukhoi Civil Aircraft" press-release |publisher= UAC |date= 7 February 2013 }}
65. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/media-center/interjet-ssj100-confirm-successful-operations/ |title= Interjet SSJ100 confirm successful operations |publisher= SuperJet International |date= 29 October 2013}}
66. ^{{cite web|url=http://aviationweek.com/blog/997-dispatch-reliability |title= Interjet's Supejet Dispatch Nearly Perfect |publisher=Aviation Week |date= Jun 11, 2014}}
67. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.routesonline.com/news/29/breaking-news/244075/interjet-starts-monterrey-ndash-houston-service-from-late-oct-2014/ |title= Interjet Starts Monterrey – Houston Service from late-Oct 2014 |work= RoutesOnline |date= 4 September 2014}}
68. ^{{cite web |title= The first Sukhoi Superjet 100 by CityJet |url=http://www.internimagazine.com/last_news/news_people/il-primo-sukhoi-superjet-100-di-cityjet/ |website= Interni Magazine |date=3 June 2016}}
69. ^1 {{cite press release |title=Goltsblat BLP advises on the first delivery of Sukhoi Superjets to European airline |url=http://www.blplaw.com/media/press-releases/4721-2/ |publisher= Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner |date= 27 June 2016}}
70. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/24/business/russia-grounds-sukhoi-superjet-safety-concerns.html |title= Russia Grounds Its Newest Airliner Over Safety Concerns |work= The New York Times |date= 24 December 2016}}
71. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.scac.ru/en/mediacenter/самолеты-sukhoi-superjet-100-прошли-проверку27-12-2016/2016/ |title= Sukhoi Superjet 100 Fleet Inspection Completed |publisher= Sukhoi Civil Aircraft |date= 27 December 2016}}
72. ^{{cite web |url= https://sputniknews.com/world/201612271049027824-mexico-sukhoi-superjet-100/ |title= Mexican Airline Interjet Checking Russian Superjet 100 Planes After Warning |work= Sputnik News |date= 27 December 2016}}
73. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/superjet-reliability-close-to-98-sukhoi-440374/ |title= Superjet reliability close to 98%: Sukhoi |date= 17 Aug 2017 |work= Flightglobal}}
74. ^{{Cite web |url= https://ad.easa.europa.eu/ad/2017-0126-E |title= Stabilizers – Horizontal Stabilizer Rear Spar – Inspection |publisher= EASA |work= Airworthiness Directives |date= 21 July 2017}}
75. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-12/stranded-russian-jets-in-mexican-hangars-haunt-troubled-airline |title= Stranded Russian Jets in Mexican Hangars Haunt Troubled Airline |author= Andrea Navarro |date= 12 Jan 2018 |agency= Bloomberg}}
76. ^{{Cite news |url= http://tass.com/economy/985834 |title= Mexico's Interjet refutes media reports it's 'cannibalizing' SSJ-100 planes |agency= TASS |date= 19 Jan 2018}}
77. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.ato.ru/content/interjet-priostanovila-ekspluataciyu-chasti-parka-ssj-100 |title= Interjet приостановила эксплуатацию части парка SSJ 100 |date= 17 January 2018 |publisher= ATO.ru |language= ru}}
78. ^-->PowerJet was expanding its repair capacity and lease pool as engine maturity improved, noting that the SaM146 engine achieved 99.9% dependability since its 2011 introduction.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/superjet-faces-western-airline-pushback-aeroflot-wants-more-ssjs |title= Superjet Faces Western Airline Pushback, But Aeroflot Wants More SSJs |date= Sep 20, 2018 |authors= Maxim Pyadushkin and Jens Flottau |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}
79. ^{{cite news |title=Sukhoi Faces Loss Of Rare Western Customer |url=https://www.mro-network.com/airlines/sukhoi-faces-loss-rare-western-customer |work=MRO Network |date=11 September 2018}}
80. ^{{cite press release |url= https://www.interjet.com/assets/htmls/sala-prensa/PRESS_RELEASE.pdf |title= Press Release |date= September 12, 2018 |publisher= Interjet}}
81. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/interjet-to-phase-out-some-superjets-in-fleet-restru-451910/ |title= Interjet to phase out some Superjets in fleet restructuring |date= 14 Sep 2018 |author= Ghim-Lay Yeo |work= Flightglobal}}
82. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-09-17/mexicos-interjet-alters-growth-plan-shed-some-ssj100s |title= Mexico’s Interjet Alters Growth Plan, To Shed some SSJ100s |author= Vladimir Karnozov |date= September 17, 2018 |work= AIN online}}
83. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-sukhoi-offers-superjet-upgrades-to-appease-452342/ |title= ANALYSIS: Sukhoi offers Superjet upgrades to appease Interjet |date= 2 Oct 2018 |author= Ghim-Lay Yeo |work= Flightglobal}}
84. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/interjet-praises-superjet-despite-continuing-mainten-443424/ |title= Interjet praises Superjet despite continuing maintenance needs |date= 17 Nov 2017 |author= Edward Russell |work= Flightglobal}}
85. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.clydeco.com/insight/article/paper-planes-the-financing-of-aircraft-pre-delivery-payments-1 |date= March 18, 2015 |title= Paper planes: the financing of aircraft pre-delivery payments |author= Paul Jebely |publisher= Clyde & Co}}
86. ^{{cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2012/01/new-airbus-aircraft-list-prices-for-2012.html |date= 18 January 2012 |title=Commercial Aircraft New Airbus aircraft list prices for 2012 |publisher= Airbus}}
87. ^{{cite news |author= Alan Dron |title=Brussels Airlines looks at wet-lease options for Sukhoi aircraft |url=http://atwonline.com/airframes/brussels-airlines-looks-wet-lease-options-sukhoi-aircraft |work=ATWOnline |date=17 September 2018 |language=en}}
88. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2019-02-19/cityjet-russians-differ-reasons-superjet-shuffle |title= CityJet, Russians Differ on Reasons for Superjet Shuffle |author= Vladimir Karnozov |date= February 19, 2019 |work= AIN online }}
89. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.rusaviainsider.com/sukhoi-cut-superjet-deliveries-focus-aftersales/|title=Sukhoi to cut Superjet deliveries and focus on aftersales support|date=2018-10-01|work=Russian Aviation Insider|access-date=2018-10-04}}
90. ^1 {{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/uac-moves-superjet-100-sukhoi-irkut-company-restructure |title= UAC moves Superjet 100 from Sukhoi to Irkut in company restructure |date= Dec 11, 2018 |author= Maxim Pyadushkin |work= Aviation Week Network}}
91. ^{{cite news |last1=Yeo |first1=Ghim-Lay |title=Interjet grounds two-thirds of SSJ100 fleet |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/interjet-grounds-two-thirds-of-ssj100-fleet-456890/ |work=Flightglobal.com |date=26 March 2019}}
92. ^--> By 2007, the RRJ-60 had been dropped, to focus on the 98-seater, with the 78-seater to follow.{{cite news |author= Kingsley-Jones, Max |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russian-revolution-the-sukhoi-superjet-211873/ |title= Russian Revolution: The Sukhoi Superjet |work= Flight International |date= 6 February 2007}}
93. ^1 {{cite web |url= https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS-EASA.IM_.A.176-RRJ95%20Issue%203.pdf |title= Type certificate data sheet IM.A.176 for RRJ-95 |date= 7 March 2017 |publisher= EASA}}
94. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/media-center/long-range-version-of-sukhoi-superjet-100-certified-by-iac-ar/ |title= Long Range Version of Sukhoi Superjet 100 Certified by IAC AR |date= 22 Aug 2013 |publisher= SuperJet International}}
95. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/media-center/new-ssj100-model-certified-by-easa-base-take-off-weight-with-increased-engine-thrust/ |title= New SSJ100 Model Certified by EASA: Base Take-Off Weight with Increased Engine Thrust |date= 17 May 2017 |publisher= SuperJet International}}
96. ^--> Later, the airline decided to upgrade the avionics (FMS and weather radar) and modify the aircraft configuration to have 87 seats in two classes, with extra cabin crew seat, lavatory and galley. To avoid delivery delays, the first 10 SSJ100s were delivered with the original "light" specification; subsequent aircraft were updated ("full"). In the first half of 2014 Sukhoi began to replace Aeroflot's "light" aircraft by "full" versions.{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/media-center/all-ssj100-in-light-specification-to-be-replaced-by-full-in-the-first-half-of-2014/ |title= All SSJ100 in Light Specification to be Replaced by Full in the First Half of 2014 |publisher= Superjet International |date= January 30, 2014}}
97. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/media-center/all-light-ssj100-of-aeroflot-replaced-with-the-full-version/ |title= All Light SSJ100 of Aeroflot Replaced with the Full Version |date= June 30, 2014 |publisher= Superjet International}}
98. ^1 {{cite news |url= http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-air-transport-perspective/2012-02-10/superjets-130ng-stretch-feature-composite-wing |title= Superjet’s 130NG Stretch To Feature Composite Wing |work= Aviation International News |author= Vladimir Karnozov |date= 10 Feb 2012}}
99. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russia-and-italy-planning-new-130-seat-regional-jet-367896/ |title= Russia and Italy planning new 130-seat regional jet |date= 7 Feb 2012 |work= Flightglobal}}
100. ^{{cite news |url= https://sputniknews.com/business/20120823175390445/ |title= UAC to Build New 140-Seat Airliner |date= 23 Aug 2012 |work= Sputnik News}}
101. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.rt.com/business/russia-airliner-build-plans-486/ |title=Russia plans to build a new airliner bigger than the Sukhoi Superjet |work= Russia Today |date= 24 Aug 2012 }}
102. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.russia-now.info/russia/russia_news/sukhois_superjet_to_compete_with_boeing_82.html |title= Sukhois Superjet to compete with Boeing |work= Russia-now |date= 4 Jan 2013}}
103. ^1 2 {{cite news |url= http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2013/8/2/1841/ |title= Russia will start the production of Sukhoi SuperJet NG in 2019-2020 |work= Russian Aviation |date= 2 August 2013}}
104. ^{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/airframes/sukhoi-plans-120-seat-ssj-stretch |title= Sukhoi plans 120-seat SSJ stretch |publisher= Aviation Week Network |work= Air Transport World |date= October 12, 2016}}
105. ^{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/paris-air-show-2017/uac-make-decision-130-seat-ssj100-2017 |title= UAC to make a decision on 130-seat SSJ100 in 2017 |date= Jun 20, 2017 |author= Polina Montag-Girmes |publisher= Aviation Week Network}}
106. ^{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/paris-air-show-2017/powerjet-ready-develop-sam146-engines-130-seat-ssj100 |title= PowerJet ready to develop SaM146 engines for 130-seat SSJ100 |date= Jun 23, 2017 |author= Polina Montag-Girmes |publisher= Aviation Week Network}}
107. ^-->With a smaller, optimised aluminium or composite wing, it would be powered by {{cvt|17,000|lbf|kN}} Pratt & Whitney PW1200Gs, detuned SaM146s or Aviadvigatel PD-14 derived PD-7s.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/singapore-sukhoi-considering-pw1000g-power-for-sup-445615/ |title= Sukhoi considering PW1000G power for Superjet shrink |date= 6 Feb 2018 |author= Max Kingsley-Jones |work= Flightglobal}}
108. ^{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2018/02/07/next-superjet-75-seater/ |title= Next Sukhoi Superjet is a 75 seater |author= Bjorn Fehrm |date= February 7, 2018 |work= Leeham}}
109. ^1 -->As Sukhoi and Irkut may be consolidated into United Aircraft, some structures and avionics could be closer to the Irkut MC-21 for commonality.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/shrunk-superjet-to-have-more-commonality-with-mc-21-448757/ |title= Shrunk Superjet to have more commonality with MC-21 |date= 21 May 2018 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
110. ^-->In July 2018, a composite wing was preferred and a 3m test section will be manufactured and tested, it would retain the SaM146 and empty weight should be reduced by 12-15%.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sukhoi-leans-towards-composite-wing-on-75-seat-super-449806/ |title= Sukhoi leans towards composite wing on 75-seat Superjet |date= 3 July 2018 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}
111. ^{{cite web |url=http://superjet100.info/registry-english |title=Sukhoi Superjet 100 – Production list and backlog |publisher= Superjet100.info |access-date= 13 December 2018}}
112. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.planespotters.net/production-list/Sukhoi/Superjet-100?sort=dd&dir=desc|title=Sukhoi Superjet 100 Production List|website=www.planespotters.net|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13}}
113. ^1 2 -->The fleet logged 230,000 flights in 340,000 hours since its commercial operations debuted in 2011.At least 30 SSJ100s were to be delivered in 2017, increasing to 38 in 2018 and 37 in 2019.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/mc-21-narrowbody-flight-tests-symbolize-russian-sector-ambitions |title= MC-21 Narrowbody Flight Tests Symbolize Russian Sector Ambitions |date= Jan 2, 2018 |author= Jens Flottau, Maxim Pyadushkin and Michael Bruno |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}
114. ^1 {{Cite web |url= http://www.superjetinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/SSJ100_Datasheet.pdf |title= SSJ100 Datasheet |publisher= SuperJet International |date= 2011}}
115. ^{{cite book |title= Jane's all the world's aircraft |date= 2005}}
116. ^{{cite news |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121221115421/http://www.france24.com/en/20121218-indonesia-blames-pilot-error-deadly-sukhoi-crash |title= Indonesia blames pilot error for deadly Sukhoi crash |agency= AFP |date= 18 December 2012}}
117. ^{{cite web |url= http://rnsa.is/media/2672/m-01313-aig-09-russian-97005-final-report.pdf |title= Report on aircraft accident: Runway excursion during flight testing on 21 July 2013 at Keflavik Airport |publisher= Icelandic Aircraft Accident Investigation Board |date= 23 March 2016 }}
118. ^{{cite news |url= http://avherald.com/h?article=465ade78 |title= Accident: Sukhoi SU95 at Keflavik on Jul 21st 2013, belly landing |date= March 30, 2016 |work= The Aviation Herald}}
119. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fatigued-superjet-test-pilot-used-wrong-throttle-bef-423659/ |title= Fatigued Superjet test pilot used wrong throttle before crash |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal |date= 30 March 2016}}
120. ^{{cite web |title= Repair of the SSJ100 s/n 95005 in Keflavik |url= http://superjet.wikidot.com/en-wiki:repair-of-the-95005-in-keflavik |work= Sukhoi Superjet-100 wiki |date= 16 Jan 2014}}
121. ^{{Cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/yakutia-superjet-damaged-in-yakutsk-landing-excursio-452559/ |title= Yakutia Superjet damaged in Yakutsk landing excursion |date= 10 October 2018 |work= Flightglobal}}
122. ^{{Cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-plane-yakutsk/passenger-plane-rolls-off-runway-on-landing-in-siberia-idUSKCN1MK1VA |title= Passenger plane rolls off runway on landing in Siberia |agency= Reuters |date= 10 October 2018}}
123. ^{{Cite news |url= http://www.rusaviainsider.com/yakutia-superjet-100-damaged-beyond-repair/ |title= Yakutia’s Superjet 100 damaged beyond repair in runway excursion |date= 10 October 2018 |work= Russian Aviation Insider}}

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • {{Official website|http://www.ssj100rightnow.com}}
  • Unofficial production list and backlog
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.ssj100rightnow.com/download/SSJ100_DEP_WEB_2016.pdf |title= Superjet 100 Brochure |date= 2016 |publisher= Sukhoi}}
{{Sukhoi aircraft}}{{Portal bar|Russia|Aviation}}

5 : Russian airliners 2000–2009|Sukhoi aircraft|Twinjets|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 2008
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