| 词条 | Potassium niobate |
| 释义 |
| ImageFile = KNbO3.svg | ImageSize = | ImageAlt = | IUPACName = Potassium niobate | OtherNames = niobate, niobium potassium oxide, potassium columbate | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 12030-85-2 | PubChem = 16217044 | ChemSpiderID = 10605809 | SMILES = [O-][Nb](=O)=O.[K+] | StdInChI = 1S/K.Nb.3O/q+1;;;;-1 | StdInChIKey = UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = KNbO3 | MolarMass = 180.003 g·mol−1 | Appearance = White rhombohedral crystals | Density = 4.640 g/cm3 | MeltingPt = ≈ 1100 °C[1] | BoilingPt = | Solubility = }} | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | AutoignitionPt = | LD50 = 3000 mg/kg (oral, rat) }} }} Potassium niobate (KNbO3) is a perovskite ferroelectric crystal. It has nonlinear optical coefficient properties, making it common in the manufacture of lasers.[2] Nanowires of potassium niobate have been used to produce tunable coherent light. The {{LD50}} for potassium niobate is 3000 mg/kg (oral, rat). Crystal StructureOn cooling from high temperature, KNbO3 undergoes a series of structural phase transitions. At 435 °C, the crystal symmetry changes from cubic centrosymmetric (Pm3 ̅m) to tetragonal non-centrosymmetric (P4mm). On further cooling, at 225 °C the crystal symmetry changes from tetragonal (P4mm) to orthorhombic (Amm2) and at −50 °C from orthorhombic (Amm2) to rhombohedral (R3m). Use in researchPotassium niobate has been found useful in many different areas of materials science research,[3] including properties of lasers,[4] quantum teleportation,[5] and it has been used to study the optical properties of particulate composite materials.[6] In addition to research in electronic memory storage,[3] potassium niobate is used in resonant doubling, a technique developed at the IBM Almaden Research Center.[4] This technique allows small infrared lasers to convert output into blue light, a critical technology for the production of blue lasers and technology dependent upon them. References1. ^CRC Handbook, 90th Edition (03 Jun 2009) {{ISBN|1-4200-9084-4}}, section 4: Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds, page 83 {{Niobium compounds}}2. ^{{cite book|last=Palik|first=Edward D.|title=Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids 3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VpuVttd2cuEC&pg=PA821|accessdate=13 December 2012|year=1998|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-544423-1|page=821}} 3. ^1 {{Cite journal| doi = 10.2307/3931381| volume = 62| issue = 17| pages = 264–265| title = In Science Fields| journal = The Science News-Letter| date = 1952-10-25| jstor = 3931381}}{{Subscription required |via=JSTOR}} 4. ^1 {{Cite journal| volume = 267| issue = 5206| pages = 1920| last = Regalado| first = Antonio| title = Blue-Light Special| journal = Science| series = New Series| date = 1995-03-31| jstor = 2886437| doi=10.1126/science.267.5206.1920| bibcode = 1995Sci...267.1920R}}{{Subscription required |via=JSTOR}} 5. ^{{Cite journal| volume = 282| issue = 5389| pages = 706–709| last = Furusawa| first = A.|author2=J. L. Sørensen |author3=S. L. Braunstein |author4=C. A. Fuchs |author5=H. J. Kimble |author6=E. S. Polzik | title = Unconditional Quantum Teleportation| journal = Science| series = New Series| date = 1998-10-23| jstor = 2899257 | doi=10.1126/science.282.5389.706|bibcode=1998Sci...282..706F}}{{Subscription required |via=JSTOR}} 6. ^{{Cite journal| volume = 463| issue = 2078| pages = 583–592| last = Lakhtakia| first = Akhlesh|author2=Tom G. Mackay | title = Electrical Control of the Linear Optical Properties of Particulate Composite Materials| journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society A| date = 2007-02-08| jstor = 20209136 | doi=10.1098/rspa.2006.1783| arxiv = physics/0607274| bibcode = 2007RSPSA.463..583L}}{{Subscription required |via=JSTOR}} 5 : Potassium compounds|Niobates|Nonlinear optical materials|Ferroelectric materials|Perovskites |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。