| 词条 | Progress M-27M |
| 释义 |
| name = Progress M-27M | image = | image_caption = Progress M-27M during processing | mission_type = ISS resupply | operator = Roscosmos | COSPAR_ID = 2015-024A | SATCAT = 40619 | mission_duration = | spacecraft_type = Progress-M 11F615A60 | manufacturer = RKK Energia | dry_mass = | launch_mass = {{convert|7298|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | launch_date = {{start-date |28 April 2015, 07:09:50|timezone=yes}} UTC[1] | launch_rocket = Soyuz-2.1a | launch_site = Baikonur 31/6[1] | disposal_type = Deorbited | decay_date=08 May 2015, 02:04 UTC [2] | orbit_epoch = 06 May 2015, 21:35:19 UTC[3] | orbit_reference = | orbit_regime = | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|158|km|mi}}[3] | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|184|km|mi}}[3] | orbit_inclination = 51.64 degrees[3] | orbit_period = 87.92 minutes[3] | apsis = gee | docking = | docking_target = ISS | docking_type = dock | docking_port = Pirs nadir | docking_date = Docking attempt cancelled[4] | undocking_date = | time_docked = N/A | cargo_mass = {{convert|2357|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_press = {{convert|1393|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_fuel = {{convert|494|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_gas = {{convert|50|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_water = {{convert|420|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | programme = Progress ISS Resupply | previous_mission = Progress M-26M | next_mission = Progress M-28M }}Progress M-27M ({{lang-ru|Прогресс М-27М|italic=yes}}), identified by NASA as Progress 59 or 59P, was a Progress spacecraft used by Roscosmos in an unsuccessful attempt to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) in 2015.[5] Progress M-27M was launched on 28 April 2015, with a planned 6-hour rendezvous profile to the ISS. During the launch the spacecraft achieved low Earth orbit, but a malfunction occurred near the end of the upper stage burn shortly before the separation of the Progress spacecraft, generating a debris field and leaving the spacecraft spinning and unable to be fully controlled. The spacecraft was deemed to be a total loss. On 8 May 2015 at 02:20 UTC, the spacecraft was confirmed to have undergone destructive reentry over the middle of the Pacific Ocean.[2] Progress M-27M was the 27th Progress-M 11F615A60 spacecraft, with the serial number 426. It was built by RKK Energia and was operated by the Russian Federal Space Agency.[6] This was the second time the upgraded Soyuz-2.1a rocket was used for an ISS mission launch. LaunchThe spacecraft was launched on 28 April 2015 at 07:09 GMT from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.[7] CargoThe spacecraft carried {{convert|2357|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of food, fuel and supplies, including {{convert|494|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of propellant, {{convert|50|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of oxygen, {{convert|420|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of water, and {{convert|1393|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of spare parts, supplies and experiment hardware for the six members of the Expedition 43 crew aboard the International Space Station.[8] Spacecraft failureAfter reaching low Earth orbit, but before separation of the spacecraft from the rocket,[9] communication with the vessel was lost.[10] Ground controllers only received brief telemetry shortly after that confirmed spacecraft separation as well as the deployment of the solar panels, but were not able to confirm the deployment of rendezvous antennas of the KURS system. Initially controllers tried to fall back to the plan of making a 2-day rendezvous with the ISS, but this was also abandoned after ground stations were not able to communicate with the spacecraft during the next 3 orbits.[10] During its fourth orbit, video released from an onboard camera used for docking showed that the spacecraft was spinning wildly in space. Further efforts on that day to establish communications with the spacecraft were unsuccessful.[10][11] Two more communication sessions were attempted on 28 April to regain control of the spacecraft, but did not succeed.[12] On 29 April, Roscosmos officially announced that the spacecraft was out of control and its orbit would eventually decay to fall back into Earth's atmosphere, with multiple systems suffering from failure and the main engine's fuel lines depressurized.[10][13][14] The spacecraft was expected to disintegrate in the Earth's atmosphere between May 7 and 11.[15] On the same day, the United States' NORAD reported that 44 pieces of debris "in the vicinity of the resupply vehicle and its upper stage rocket body" were being tracked by space tracking systems.[25] Currently, various Russian sources reported that the potential cause of the anomaly may be related to the upper stage rocket engine shutdown or with the separation of the Progress spacecraft from the upper stage.[10][16] A representative of the United States Air Force claimed that debris in the area indicated a blast. Given [the altitude of the debris] and the fact that Progress was found 30 to 40 kilometres above its intended orbit, we can say with confidence that there was some kind of blast at the moment of separation from the third stage of the rocket"[17] The spacecraft underwent destructive atmospheric reentry on May 8 at 02:20 UTC between 350 to 1,300 km off the South American coast, west of Chile.[18][19] On June 1, Roscosmos announced the results of an investigation into the cause of the failure, attributing it to a "design peculiarity" in the linkage between the Soyuz 2.1a rocket and the spacecraft,[20] related to the "frequency dynamic characteristics" of the linkage.[21] Postflight investigation found that the failure was caused by an unforeseen design flaw in the new Soyuz 2-1A Blok I stage—the propellant tanks were shaped differently than in the older Soyuz U booster, which ended up producing resonant vibration when attached to the Progress spacecraft. The normal flight program would vent out the nitrogen pressure gas from the Blok I tanks following spacecraft separation, but engine cutoff produced a hammer effect that sent a shock wave through the stack, rupturing the propellant tanks and blasting the Progress into a much higher than planned orbit, while also leaving it in an uncontrollable spin and having suffered structural damage from being struck by flying booster debris.[22] The cost of the loss of the mission was valued at 2.59 billion rubles ($50.7m US).[23] See also{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=17 February 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.federalspace.ru/21474/ |title=РОСКОСМОС: ТГК "ПРОГРЕСС М-27М" ПРЕКРАТИЛ СУЩЕСТВОВАНИЕ |work=federalspace.ru |accessdate=8 May 2015}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.heavens-above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=40619|title=PROGRESS-M 27M - Orbit|last=Peat|first=Chris|publisher=Heavens-Above|date=29 April 2015|accessdate=29 April 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Progress Cargo Vessel Docking With Space Station Canceled|url=http://sputniknews.com/science/20150429/1021508040.html|website=Sputnik International|publisher=Sputnik|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=29 April 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/04/progress-m-27m-soyuz-2-1a/ |title=Russian Progress M-27M suffering in space – wild rotational spin observed |publisher=NASASpaceflight.com |date=April 28, 2015 |author=Chris Bergin}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Krasilnikov|first1=Andrey|title=Chronicle of Progress cargo ship flights|url=https://yadi.sk/d/fnpQlbaR3dH4G|accessdate=11 May 2015}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/28/progress-cargo-freighter-launched-from-kazakhstan/ |title=Antenna snag strikes Progress cargo freighter |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=28 April 2015 |author=Stephen Clark}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mcc.rsa.ru/progress_m27m.htm |title=Progress M-27M |publisher=Roscosmos |date=28 April 2015}} 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Clark|first1=Stephen|title=Progress failure probe narrows in on separation from rocket|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/29/progress-failure-probe-narrows-in-on-separation-from-rocket/|website=Spaceflight Now|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=29 April 2015|quote=Roscosmos said in a statement Wednesday that mission control lost communications with the Progress spacecraft 1.5 seconds before the cargo carrier's planned separation from the third stage of its Soyuz launcher.}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|last1=Zak|first1=Anatoly|title=RussianSpaceWeb.com: Progress M-27M|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/progress-m27m.html|publisher=RussianSpaceWeb.com|accessdate=3 May 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Harwood|first1=William|title=Russians scramble to restore cargo ship communications|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/28/breaking-russians-scramble-to-restore-cargo-ship-communications/|website=Spaceflight Now|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=28 April 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Harwood|first1=William|title=Russia gives up on Progress supply ship docking|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/29/russia-gives-up-on-progress-supply-ship-docking/|website=Spaceflight Now|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=29 April 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/unmanned-russian-spacecraft-plunging-earth-111817180.html|title=Unmanned Russian spacecraft 'plunging to Earth'|date=29 April 2015|work=Yahoo News|accessdate=29 April 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web|last1=Dunn|first1=Marcia|title=Space station crew: Russia's spinning supply ship a total loss|url=http://www.sunherald.com/2015/04/29/6200800_space-station-crew-russias-spinning.html?rh=1|archive-url=https://archive.is/20150429190816/http://www.sunherald.com/2015/04/29/6200800_space-station-crew-russias-spinning.html?rh=1|dead-url=yes|archive-date=29 April 2015|website=Sun Herald|accessdate=29 April 2015|date=29 April 2015}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Russian spacecraft Progress M-27M 'out of control'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32517447|website=BBC News|publisher=British Broadcasting Company|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=29 April 2015}} 16. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Messier|first1=Doug |title=Progress Appears Lost as Debris Detected |url=http://www.parabolicarc.com/2015/04/29/progress-appears-lost-debris-detected/ |accessdate=29 April 2015 |work=Parabolic Arc |date=29 April 2015 }} 17. ^{{cite web|last1=Oliphant|first1=Roland|title='Rocket explosion' sent Russian spacecraft into tailspin|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/space/11574043/Rocket-explosion-sent-Russian-spacecraft-into-tailspin.html|website=The Telegraph|publisher=Telegraph Media Group Ltd|accessdate=30 April 2015|date=30 April 2015}} 18. ^/progress-m-27m-re-entry.html#update {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115757/http://www.spaceflight101.com/progress-m-27m-re-entry.html |date=2015-09-24 }} 19. ^{{Cite web|title = Out-of-Control Russian Cargo Spaceship Falls Back to Earth|url = http://www.space.com/29351-russian-progress-cargo-spacecraft-reentry.html|accessdate = 2015-05-09}} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Russian space freighter accident caused by rocket linkage peculiarity — space agency|publisher=Russian News Agency "TASS"|url=http://tass.ru/en/non-political/797992|date=1 June 2015|accessdate=9 June 2015}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/06/02/progress-failure-probe-points-to-linkage-with-soyuz-rocket/ |title=Progress failure probe points to linkage with Soyuz rocket |author=Stephen Clark |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=2 June 2016 |accessdate=7 June 2016}} 22. ^http://spaceflight101.com/progress-ms/successful-launch-of-first-progress-ms/ 23. ^{{cite web|title=Russian spacecraft Progress M-27M 'out of control'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32517447|publisher=BBC|date=29 April 2015|accessdate=11 May 2015}} External links{{Progress spacecraft}}{{Unmanned ISS resupply flights}}{{Orbital launches in 2015}} 7 : Progress (spacecraft) missions|Spacecraft launched in 2015|Spacecraft which reentered in 2015|2015 in Russia|Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-2 rockets|Supply vehicles for the International Space Station|Satellite launch failures |
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