| 词条 | Pro-nuclear movement |
| 释义 |
There are large variations in peoples’ understanding of the issues surrounding nuclear power, including the technology itself, climate change, and energy security. Proponents of nuclear energy contend that nuclear power is a sustainable energy source that reduces carbon emissions and increases energy security by decreasing dependence on imported energy sources. Opponents believe that nuclear power poses many threats to people and the environment. While nuclear power has historically been opposed by many environmentalist organisations, some support it. In addition, besides organisations, some scientists also support it. Context{{See also|Nuclear power debate||Nuclear energy policy}}Nuclear energy remains a controversial area of public policy.[7][8] The debate about nuclear power peaked during the 1970s and 1980s, when it "reached an intensity unprecedented in the history of technology controversies", in some countries.[9][10] Proponents of nuclear energy point to the fact nuclear power produces virtually no conventional air pollution, greenhouse gases, and smog, in contrast to fossil fuel sources of energy.[11] Proponents argue perceived risks of storing waste are exaggerated, and point to an operational safety record in the Western world which is excellent in comparison to the other major kinds of power plants.[12] Historically, there have been numerous proponents of nuclear energy, including Georges Charpak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Edward Teller, Alvin M. Weinberg, Eugene Wigner, Ted Taylor (physicist), and Jeff Eerkens. There are also scientists who write favorably about nuclear energy in terms of the broader energy landscape, including Robert B. Laughlin, Michael McElroy (scientist), and Vaclav Smil. In particular, Laughlin writes in "Powering the Future" (2011) that expanded use of nuclear power will be nearly inevitable, either because of a political choice to leave fossil fuels in the ground, or because fossil fuels become depleted. Lobbying and public relations activities{{Main|List of companies in the nuclear sector}}Globally, there are dozens of companies with an interest in the nuclear industry, including Areva, BHP Billiton, Cameco, China National Nuclear Corporation, EDF, Iberdrola, Nuclear Power Corporation of India, Ontario Power Generation, Rosatom, TEPCO, and Vattenfall. Many of these companies lobby politicians and others about nuclear power expansion, undertake public relation activities, petition government authorities, as well as influence public policy through referendum campaigns and involvement in elections.[13][14][15][16][17] The nuclear industry has "tried a variety of strategies to persuade the public to accept nuclear power", including the publication of numerous "fact sheets" that discuss issues of public concern.[18] Nuclear proponents have worked to boost public support by offering newer, safer, reactor designs. These designs include those that incorporate passive safety and Small Modular Reactors. Since 2000 the nuclear industry has undertaken an international media and lobbying campaign to promote nuclear power as a solution to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Though reactor operation is free of carbon dioxide emissions, other stages of the nuclear fuel chain – from uranium mining, to reactor decommissioning and radioactive waste management – use fossil fuels and hence emit carbon dioxide. The Nuclear Energy Institute has formed various sub-groups to promote nuclear power. These include the Washington-based Clean and Safe Energy Coalition, which was formed in 2006 and led by Patrick Moore. Christine Todd Whitman, former head of the USEPA has also been involved. Clean Energy America is another group also sponsored by the NEI.[19] In Britain, James Lovelock well known for his Gaia Hypothesis began to support nuclear power in 2004. He is patron of the Supporters of Nuclear Energy. SONE also campaigns against wind power. The main nuclear lobby group in Britain is FORATOM.[19] As of 2014, the U.S. nuclear industry has begun a new lobbying effort, hiring three former senators — Evan Bayh, a Democrat; Judd Gregg, a Republican; and Spencer Abraham, a Republican — as well as William M. Daley, a former staffer to President Obama. The initiative is called Nuclear Matters, and it has begun a newspaper advertising campaign.[20] Organizations supporting nuclear powerIn March 2017, a bipartisan group of eight senators, including five Republicans and three Democrats introduced S. 512, the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act (NEIMA). The legislation would help to modernize the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), support the advancement of the nation's nuclear industry and develop the regulatory framework to enable the licensing of advanced nuclear reactors, while improving the efficiency of uranium regulation. Letters of support for this legislation were [https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/3/bipartisan-group-of-senators-introduce-nuclear-energy-innovation-and-modernization-act provided by thirty-six organizations], including for profit enterprises, non-profit organizations and educational institutions. The most prominent entities from that group and other well-known organizations actively supporting the continued or expanded use of nuclear power as a solution for providing clean, reliable energy include:
The United States generates about 19% of its electricity from nuclear power plants. Nearly 60% of all clean energy generated in the U.S. comes from nuclear power. Studies have shown that closing a nuclear power plant results in greatly increased carbon emissions as only burning coal or natural gas can make up for the massive amount of energy lost from a nuclear power plant. Even though there have long been protests against nuclear power, the effect of long-term scrutiny has elevated safety within the industry, making nuclear power the safest form of energy in operation today, despite the fact that many continue to fear it. Nuclear power plants create thousands of jobs, many in health and safety jobs, and seldom experience protests from area residents, as they bring large amounts of economic activity, attract educated employees and leave the air clear safe, unlike oil, coal or gas plants, which bring disease and environmental damage to their workers and neighbors. Nuclear engineers have traditionally worked, directly or indirectly, in the nuclear power industry, in academia or for national laboratories. More recently, young nuclear engineers have started to innovate and launch new companies, becoming entrepreneurs in order to bring their enthusiasm for using the power of the atom to address the climate crisis. As of June 2015, Third Way released a report identifying 48 nuclear start-ups or projects organized to work on nuclear innovations in what is being called "advanced nuclear" designs.[23] Current research in the industry is directed at producing economical, proliferation-resistant reactor designs with passive safety features. Although government labs research the same areas as industry, they also study a myriad of other issues such as nuclear fuels and nuclear fuel cycles, advanced reactor designs, and nuclear weapon design and maintenance. A principal pipeline for trained personnel for US reactor facilities is the Navy Nuclear Power Program. The job outlook for nuclear engineering from the year 2012 to the year 2022 is predicted to grow 9% due to many elder nuclear engineers retiring, safety systems needing to be updated in power plants, and the advancements made in nuclear medicine.[24] Individuals supporting nuclear power{{See also|Nuclear power in Australia#Advocates for nuclear power}}Many people, including former opponents of nuclear energy, now say that nuclear energy is necessary for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. They recognize that the threat to humanity from climate change is far worse than any risk associated with nuclear energy. Many of these supporters, but not all, acknowledge that renewable energy is also important to the effort to eliminate emissions. Early environmentalists who publicly voiced support for nuclear power include James Lovelock, originator of the Gaia hypothesis, Patrick Moore, a co-founder of Greenpeace and former director of Greenpeace International, George Monbiot and Stewart Brand, creator of the Whole Earth Catalog.[25][26] Lovelock goes further to refute claims about the danger of nuclear energy and its waste products.[27] In a January 2008 interview, Moore said that "It wasn't until after I'd left Greenpeace and the climate change issue started coming to the forefront that I started rethinking energy policy in general and realised that I had been incorrect in my analysis of nuclear as being some kind of evil plot."[28] There are increasing numbers of scientists and laymen who are environmentalists with views that depart from the mainstream environmental stance that rejects a role for nuclear power in the climate fight (once labelled "Nuclear Greens,"[29] some now consider themselves Ecomodernists). Some of these include: Scientists
Non-scientists{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
The following is a list of people that signed the open letter:[71] {{div col|colwidth=22em}}
Future prospectsThe International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, located in France, is the world's largest and most advanced experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor project. A collaboration between the European Union (EU), India, Japan, China, Russia, South Korea and the United States, the project aims to make a transition from experimental studies of plasma physics to electricity-producing fusion power plants. However, the World Nuclear Association says that nuclear fusion "presents so far insurmountable scientific and engineering challenges".[73] Construction of the ITER facility began in 2007, but the project has run into many delays and budget overruns. The facility is now not expected to begin operations until the year 2027 – 11 years after initially anticipated.[74] See also
References1. ^{{YouTube|kHZKo13HV2A|TEDxVancouver - Patrick Moore - 11/21/09}} 2. ^Patrick Moore, Assault on Future Generations, Greenpeace report, p47-49, 1976 - pdf 3. ^The Independent, Nuclear energy? Yes please! [https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/patrick-moore-nuclear-energy-yes-please-436399.html] 4. ^The Nuclear Environmentalist 18 December 2009 5. ^{{cite web|title=Interview with Italian Nuclear Energy advocacy group Atomi per la Pace|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqUrVaEk7Cs}} 6. ^Nuclear Energy Institute article 7. ^Sustainable Development Commission. Is Nuclear the Answer? p. 12. 8. ^Sustainable Development Commission. Public engagement and nuclear power 9. ^{{cite journal |author=Herbert P. Kitschelt |date=1986 |title=Political Opportunity and Political Protest: Anti-Nuclear Movements in Four Democracies |url=http://www.marcuse.org/harold/hmimages/seabrook/861KitscheltAntiNuclear4Democracies.pdf |journal=British Journal of Political Science |volume=16 |issue=1 |page=57 |doi=10.1017/s000712340000380x}} 10. ^{{cite book |last=Falk |first=Jim |date=1982|title=Global Fission: The Battle Over Nuclear Power |location = Melbourne |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-554315-5}} 11. ^{{cite news |last=Patterson |first=Thom |date=2013-11-03 |title=Climate change warriors: It's time to go nuclear |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/03/world/nuclear-energy-climate-change-scientists/index.html |newspaper=CNN}} 12. ^{{cite book |author=Bernard L. Cohen |date=1990 |title=The Nuclear Energy Option: An Alternative for the 90s |url=http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~blc/book/BOOK.html |location=New York |publisher=Plenum Press |isbn=978-0-306-43567-6}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/nov/28/nuclear-lobbyists-senior-civil-servants |title=Nuclear lobbyists wined and dined senior civil servants, documents show |author=Leo Hickman |date=28 November 2012 |work=The Guardian }} 14. ^{{cite web |title=The Campaign to Sell Nuclear |author=Diane Farseta |date=September 1, 2008 |volume=64 |issue=4 |work=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists |pages=38–56 }} 15. ^Jonathan Leake. "The Nuclear Charm Offensive" New Statesman, 23 May 2005. 16. ^Union of Concerned Scientists. Nuclear Industry Spent Hundreds of Millions of Dollars Over the Last Decade to Sell Public, Congress on New Reactors, New Investigation Finds {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127112542/http://www.ucsusa.org/news/media_alerts/nuclear-industry-spent-millions-to-sell-congress-on-new-reactors-0343.html |date=2013-11-27 }} News Center, February 1, 2010. 17. ^Nuclear group spent $460,000 lobbying in 4Q Business Week, March 19, 2010. 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://bos.sagepub.com/content/67/4/43.abstract |title=Nuclear power and the public |author=M.V. Ramana |date=July 2011 |volume=67 |issue=4 |work=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists |page=46 }} 19. ^1 Sharon Beder (2014). Lobbying, greenwash and deliberate confusion: how vested interests undermine climate change. In M. C-T. Huang and R. R-C Huang (Eds.), Green Thoughts and Environmental Politics: Green Trends and Environmental Politics (pp. 297-328), Taipei, Taiwan: Asia-seok Digital Technology. 20. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/28/business/energy-environment/nuclear-industry-gains-carbon-focused-allies-in-push-to-save-reactors.html?_r=0 |title=Nuclear Industry Gains Carbon-Focused Allies in Push to Save Reactors |author=Matthew Wald |date=April 27, 2014 |work=New York Times }} 21. ^Nuclear Energy Institute website 22. ^NFF 23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thirdway.org/infographic/the-advanced-nuclear-industry-2016-update|title=The Advanced Nuclear Industry: 2016 Update|website=Third Way|language=en|access-date=2017-07-14}} 24. ^"Nuclear Engineers – Job Outlook" in Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2014–15. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor 25. ^Environmental Heresies 26. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/27/science/earth/27tier.html?ex=1330405200&en=e561a6494b06049d&ei=5124&partner=digg&exprod=digg An Early Environmentalist, Embracing New ‘Heresies’] 27. ^James Lovelock 28. ^ 29. ^{{cite web|title=Rise of the Nuclear Greens|author=Robert Bryce|url=http://www.city-journal.org/2013/23_1_snd-atomic-energy.html|website=City Journal|date=Winter 2013|accessdate=5 November 2013}} 30. ^{{cite web|last1=James Hansen|title=Nuclear power paves the only viable path forward on climate change |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/03/nuclear-power-paves-the-only-viable-path-forward-on-climate-change|date=3 December 2015|website=The Guardian|accessdate=8 June 2016}} 31. ^{{cite web|last1=James Lovelock|title=Nuclear power is the only green solution|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/james-lovelock-nuclear-power-is-the-only-green-solution-6169341.html|date=24 May 2004|website=The Independent|accessdate=12 December 2014}} 32. ^{{cite video |url=http://www.ted.com/talks/david_mackay_a_reality_check_on_renewables.html |author=David MacKay |title=A reality check on renewables |date=March 2012 |accessdate=12 October 2012}} 33. ^{{cite book |author=Mackay, David |title=Sustainable Energy: Without the Hot Air |publisher=UIT Cambridge | url= http://www.withouthotair.com/ |location= |year=2009 |pages= |isbn=0-9544529-3-3 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}} 34. ^{{cite web |url=http://davidsheff.com/article/ansel-adams/ |title=A candid conversation with America’s "photographer laureate" and environmentalist about art, natural beauty and the unnatural acts of Interior Secretary James Watt. |author=David Sheff |date=March 1983 |publisher=Playboy |accessdate=22 October 2014}} 35. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web |url=https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/3/bipartisan-group-of-senators-introduce-nuclear-energy-innovation-and-modernization-act |title=Bipartisan Group of Senators Introduce Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act |date=2 March 2017 |website=U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works |access-date=13 July 2017}} 36. ^{{cite web|title=Nuclear power's time has come|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/02/22/brand.nuclear.power.pro/|website=CNN|date=22 February 2010|accessdate=15 October 2013}} 37. ^{{cite web|title=If You're Concerned About Climate Change, You Should Support Nuclear Power|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2014/05/05/if-youre-concerned-about-climate-change-you-should-support-nuclear-power/|website=Forbes|author=Carol Browner|date=5 May 2014|accessdate=2 June 2014}} 38. ^{{cite web|title=To Carol Browner, Nuclear More Than Just Matters – It’s Essential|url=http://thebreakthrough.org/index.php/programs/energy-and-climate/to-carol-browner-nuclear-more-than-just-matters-its-essential|website=Breakthrough Institute|date=27 May 2014|accessdate=5 June 2014}} 39. ^{{cite book|last=Cravens|first=Gwyneth|title=Power to Save the World|year=2007|publisher=First Vintage Books|location=New York|url=http://www.cravenspowertosavetheworld.com/index.php}} 40. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/explorers/bios/2015/leslie-dewan/ |title=2015 Emerging Explorers » Leslie Dewan, Nuclear Engineer |date= |website=National Geographic Society |access-date=14 June 2015 |quote=At the most fundamental level I'm an environmentalist. I'm doing this because I think nuclear power is the best way of producing large amounts of carbon-free electricity. I think the world needs nuclear power, alongside solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal, if we want to have any hope of reducing fossil fuel emissions and preventing global climate change.}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/chris-goodall-the-green-movement-must-learn-to-love-nuclear-power-1629354.html|author=Chris Goodall|title=The green movement must learn to love nuclear power|website=The Independent|date=23 February 2009|accessdate=15 October 2013}} 42. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-06-19/environmentalist-says-nuclear-needed-to-combat-climate-change/5535792 |title=Environmentalist argues in favour of nuclear power |author=Babs McHugh |date=20 Jun 2014 |website=ABC Online |access-date=17 April 2015}} 43. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wbur.org/bostonomix/2017/01/09/john-kerry-mit-climate-change |title=Speaking At MIT, Secretary Of State John Kerry Urges Action On Climate Change | date=9 Jan 2017 | website=wbur.org |access-date=14 May 2018}} 44. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/opinion/the-promise-of-nuclear-power-b99671891z1-369188251.html |title=The promise of nuclear power |author=Margi Kindig |date=17 Feb 2016 |website=JSOnline |access-date=20 Feb 2016}} 45. ^{{cite web |url=http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/280292-nrc-reform-for-a-strong-safe-nuclear-power-industry |title=NRC Reform for a strong, safe nuclear power industry |author=Jerry McNerney and Robert E. Latta |date=17 May 2016 |website=thehill.com |accessdate=13 July 2017}} 46. ^{{cite web |url=http://cosmosmagazine.com/earth-sciences/bj%C3%B8rn-lomborg-resilient-environmentalist |title=Bjørn Lomborg: The resilient environmentalist |author=Keith Kloor |date=21 Oct 2013 |website=Cosmos |accessdate=3 February 2015}} 47. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-24445371 |title=Nuclear power support from former sceptic Mark Lynas |date=8 October 2013 |website=BBC |accessdate=15 October 2013}} 48. ^{{YouTube|id=6pXiiQBknHM|title=Mark Lynas thinking the unthinkable on nuclear power|link=no}} 49. ^{{cite web |url=http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/280292-nrc-reform-for-a-strong-safe-nuclear-power-industry |title=NRC Reform for a strong, safe nuclear power industry |author=Jerry McNerney and Robert E. Lata |date=17 May 2016 |website=thehill.com |accessdate=13 July 2017}} 50. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/mar/21/pro-nuclear-japan-fukushima |title=Why Fukushima made me stop worrying and love nuclear power |author=George Monbiot |date=21 March 2011 |website=theguardian.com |accessdate=15 October 2013}} 51. ^{{cite web |title=We need nuclear power to save the planet from looming catastrophe |author=Hugh Montefiore |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/hugh-montefiore-we-need-nuclear-power-to-save-the--planet-from-looming-catastrophe-544571.html |website=The Independent |date=22 October 2004 |accessdate=15 October 2013}} Note, an expanded version of the same essay was printed the next day: {{cite web|website=The Tablet|url=http://www.thetablet.co.uk/article/1963|title=Why the planet needs nuclear energy|author=Hugh Montefiore|date=23 October 2004|accessdate=21 October 2013}} 52. ^{{cite web| author=Patrick Moore| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/14/AR2006041401209_pf.html|title=Going Nuclear| date=16 April 2006| website=The Washington Post| accessdate=15 October 2013}} 53. ^{{cite web| author=Jonathan Miller| url=http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2016/05/lund-debate-focuses-nuclear-power-climate-change|title=Lund debate focuses on nuclear power, climate change| date=12 May 2016| accessdate=12 May 2016}} 54. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.murkowski.senate.gov/press/release/murkowski-our-nation-must-lead-on-nuclear-energy |title=Press Release: Our Nation Must Lead on Nuclear Energy |author=Lisa Murkowski |date=17 May 2016 |website=murkowski.senate.gov |accessdate=13 July 2017}} 55. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://www.energytribune.com/2929/breakthrough-ted-nordhaus-and-michael-shellenberger-of-the-breakthrough-institute-discuss-climate-mccarthyism-and-why-they-now-support-nuclear-power |title=Breakthrough! Ted Nordhaus and Michael Shellenberger of the Breakthrough Institute Discuss "Climate McCarthyism" And Why They Now Support Nuclear Power | date=20 November 2009| accessdate=15 October 2013 |website=Energy Tribune}} 56. ^{{cite web|website=theguardian.com|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2012/apr/10/war-nuclear-environmentalists-vicious|title=Vicious words mark the war between pro and anti-nuclear environmentalists|author=John Vidal|date=10 April 2012|accessdate=20 October 2013}} 57. ^{{cite news|last=Jogalekar|first=Ashutosh|title=Richard Rhodes on the Need for Nuclear Power|url=http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/the-curious-wavefunction/2013/07/23/richard-rhodes-on-the-need-for-nuclear-power/|newspaper=Scientific American|date=July 23, 2013}} 58. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/may/03/nuclear-power-solution-climate-change |title=Nuclear power is only solution to climate change, says Jeffrey Sachs |author=Fiona Harvey |date=3 May 2012 |website=The Guardian |access-date=17 February 2015}} 59. ^{{cite web|website=Rolling Stone|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/videos/environmentalists-go-pro-nuclear-in-pandoras-promise-trailer-20130430|title=Environmentalists Go Pro-Nuclear in 'Pandora's Promise' Trailer|author=Kate Breimann|date=30 April 2013|accessdate=20 October 2013}} 60. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{IMDb title|1992193|Pandora's Promise}}. Specifically credited are Brand, Cravens, Lynas, Rhodes, and Shellenberger. 61. ^{{cite web|website=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/green-living/nuclear-power-yes-please-1629327.html|title=Nuclear power? Yes please... |author=Steve Connor|date=23 February 2009|accessdate=20 October 2013}} 62. ^{{YouTube|id=HoGHICUegBo|title=Former Greenpeace/UK Executive Director Stephen Tindale on nuclear power and renewable energy|link=no}} 63. ^{{cite web |title=Why thorium nuclear power shouldn't be written off |author=Bryony Worthington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/jul/04/thorium-nuclear-power |website=The Guardian |date=4 July 2011 |accessdate=15 October 2013}} 64. ^{{cite web|website=The Australian|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/james-hansen-keen-on-next-generation-nuclear-power/story-e6frgcjx-1225838858482|title=James Hansen keen on next-generation nuclear power|author=Leigh Dayton|date=10 March 2010|accessdate=20 October 2013}} 65. ^{{YouTube|id=CZExWtXAZ7M|title=James Hansen on nuclear power|link=no}} 66. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/03/world/nuclear-energy-climate-change-scientists|website=CNN|title=Climate change warriors: It's time to go nuclear|author=Thom Patterson|date=3 November 2013|accessdate=5 November 2013}} 67. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/03/world/nuclear-energy-climate-change-scientists-letter |author1=Ken Caldeira |author2=Kerry Emanuel |author3=James Hansen |author4=Tom Wigley|last-author-amp=yes |title=Top climate change scientists' letter to policy influencers |date=3 November 2013 |website=CNN |accessdate=12 January 2015}} 68. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-06-07/aussie-scientists-dominate-global-energy-talks/2749944|title=Aussie scientists dominate global energy talks|website=ABC News (Australia)|date=7 June 2011|accessdate=15 October 2013}} 69. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/nuclear-power-is-the-greenest-option-say-top-scientists-9955997.html |title=Nuclear power is the greenest option, say top scientists |author=Steve Connor |date=4 January 2015 |website=The Independent |accessdate=12 January 2015}} 70. ^{{cite web |url=http://bravenewclimate.com/2014/12/15/an-open-letter-to-environmentalists-on-nuclear-energy/ |title=An Open Letter to Environmentalists on Nuclear Energy |author1=Barry W. Brook |author2=Corey J. A. Bradshaw |lastauthoramp=yes|date=15 December 2014 |accessdate=12 January 2015}} 71. ^as of the most recent access date, Brook and Bradshaw's letter had an additional 75 signatories; only those with biographical Wikipedia articles are displayed here however. 72. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/opinion/lets-go-nuclear-for-the-reefs-sake/story-e6frgd0x-1226971281343 |title=Let’s go nuclear, for the reef’s sake |author1=Ove Hoegh-Guldberg |author2=Eric McFarland |lastauthoramp=yes|date=30 June 2014 |website=The Australian |accessdate=11 November 2014}} 73. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf66.htm |title=Nuclear Fusion Power |author= World Nuclear Association |year=2005 |work= }} 74. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nature.com/news/triple-threat-method-sparks-hope-for-fusion-1.14445 |title=Triple-threat method sparks hope for fusion |author=W Wayt Gibbs |date=30 December 2013 |work=Nature }} Further reading
External links
6 : Ecomodernism|Environmentalists|Lists of people by ideology|Nuclear history|Nuclear organizations|People associated with nuclear power |
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