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词条 Super-G
释义

  1. History

     Top racers 

  2. Course

  3. Equipment

      World Cup podiums    Super G at the major competitions  

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{redirect|Super G}}

Super giant slalom, or super-G, is a racing discipline of alpine skiing. Along with the faster downhill, it is regarded as a "speed" event, in contrast to the technical events giant slalom and slalom. It debuted as an official World Cup event during the 1983 season and was added to the official schedule of the World Championships in 1987 and the Winter Olympics in 1988.

Much like downhill, a super-G course consists of widely set gates that racers must pass through. The course is set so that skiers must turn more than in downhill, though the speeds are still much higher than in giant slalom (hence the name). Each athlete only has one run to clock the best time. In the Olympics, super-G courses are usually set on the same slopes as the downhill, but with a lower starting point.

History

Super-G was run as a World Cup test event during the 1982 season, with two men's races and a women's race that did not count in the season standings.[1] Approved by the International Ski Federation (FIS) that summer, it was first officially run at the World Cup level in December 1982 at Val-d'Isère, France; the winner was Peter Müller of Switzerland. The first official women's super-G was run a month later in early January 1983, with consecutive events at Verbier, Switzerland. The first winner was Irene Epple of West Germany, and Cindy Nelson of the United States won the next day on a different course.[2] These were the only two races for women in super-G during the 1983 season; the men had three. The event was not universally embraced during its early years,[3] which included a boycott by two-time defending overall champion Phil Mahre in December 1982.[4][5]

For the first three seasons, super-G results were added into the giant slalom discipline for the season standings; it gained separate status for a crystal globe for the 1986 season with five events for both men and women; the first champions were Markus Wasmeier and Marina Kiehl, both of West Germany.

It was added to the World Championships in 1987, held at Crans-Montana, Switzerland. Swiss skiers Pirmin Zurbriggen and Maria Walliser won gold medals to become the first world champions in the event. Super-G made its Olympic debut in 1988 in Calgary, where Franck Piccard of France and Sigrid Wolf of Austria took gold at Nakiska.

Top racers

Hermann Maier of Austria (nicknamed 'The Herminator') is widely regarded as the greatest male super-G racer, with 24 World Cup victories and five World Cup titles (1998–2001, 2004). He won the world championship in 1999 and an Olympic gold medal in 1998, three days after a crash in the downhill. Maier's proficiency in super-G was attributed to his thorough course inspection and his aggressive course tactics; he opted for the most direct and dangerous line down the hill. A serious motorcycle accident in August 2001 nearly resulted in an amputation of his lower right leg and sidelined him for the 2002 season, including the 2002 Olympics. After his return to the World Cup circuit in January 2003, Maier won eight more World Cup super-G events and his fifth season title in 2004.

Aksel Lund Svindal of Norway is second on the list with 15 wins in World Cup super-G races, Pirmin Zurbriggen third with his 10 wins. Svindal won Olympic gold in 2010 and his fifth season title in 2014, while Zurbriggen won four consecutive season titles (1987–90) and the first world championship in 1987. Another notable specialist was Kjetil André Aamodt of Norway, a triple gold medalist in Olympic super-G races, winning in 1992, 2002 and 2006. Aamodt won five World Cup races and two world championship medals (silver and bronze) in the discipline. Marc Girardelli of Luxembourg, a five-time overall World Cup champion, won nine World Cup super-G events. He won season titles in every discipline except super-G, where he was a runner-up three times. Girardelli was the silver medalist in the super-G at the 1987 World Championships and the 1992 Olympics.

On the women's side, Lindsey Vonn of the U.S. leads with 27 World Cup victories in super-G and has won five season titles (2009–2012, 2015). Katja Seizinger of Germany won five season titles in the 1990s, with 16 World Cup wins in the discipline. While neither won gold in the super-G in the Olympics (both won a bronze), they both won a world title, Vonn in 2009 and Seizinger in 1993. Renate Götschl of Austria won 17 World Cup events in super-G, three season titles (four as runner-up), and two medals (silver and bronze) in the world

championships.

Course

The vertical drop for a Super-G course must be between {{convert|350|-|650|m|abbr=on}} for men, {{convert|350|-|600|m|abbr=on}} for women, and {{convert|250|-|450|m|abbr=on}} for children. In the Olympic Winter Games, FIS World Ski Championships, and FIS World Cups, minimums are raised to {{convert|400|m|abbr=on}} for both men and women. Courses are normally at least {{convert|30|m|abbr=on}} in width, but sections with lower widths are permissible if the line and terrain before and after allow it. Higher widths can also be required if deemed necessary. Gates must be between {{convert|6|m|abbr=on}} and {{convert|8|m|abbr=on}} in width for open gates, and between {{convert|8|m|abbr=on}} and {{convert|12|m|abbr=on}} in width for vertical gates. The distance between turning poles of successive gates must be at least {{convert|25|m|abbr=on}}. The number of direction changes must be at least 7% of the course drop in meters (6% for Olympic Winter Games, FIS World Ski Championships and FIS World Cups).[6]

Equipment

In an attempt to increase safety, the 2004 season saw the FIS impose minimum ski lengths for the super-G for the first time: to {{convert|205|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} for men, {{convert|200|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} for women. The minimum turning radius was increased to {{convert|45|m|abbr=on}} for the 2014 season.

World Cup podiums

Men

The following table contains the men's Super-G (from 2007 Super combined) World Cup podiums since the first edition in 1986.

Season1st2nd3rd
1986GER}} Markus WasmeierSUI}} Pirmin ZurbriggenLUX}} Marc Girardelli
1987SUI}} Pirmin ZurbriggenLUX}} Marc GirardelliGER}} Markus Wasmeier
1988SUI}} Pirmin ZurbriggenGER}} Markus WasmeierFRA}} Franck Piccard
1989SUI}} Pirmin ZurbriggenSWE}} Lars-Börje ErikssonFRA}} Franck Piccard
1990SUI}} Pirmin ZurbriggenAUT}} Günther MaderSWE}} Lars-Börje Eriksson
1991SUI}} Franz HeinzerAUT}} Stephan EberharterNOR}} Atle Skaardal
1992SUI}} Paul AccolaLUX}} Marc GirardelliAUT}} Günther Mader
1993NOR}} Kjetil-Andre AamodtAUT}} Günther MaderSUI}} Franz Heinzer
1994NOR}} Jan Einar ThorsenLUX}} Marc GirardelliUSA}} Tommy Moe
1995ITA}} Peter RunggaldierAUT}} Günther MaderITA}} Werner Perathoner
1996NOR}} Atle SkaardalAUT}} Hans KnaußNOR}} Lasse Kjus
1997FRA}} Luc AlphandAUT}} Josef StroblAUT}} Andreas Schifferer
1998AUT}} Hermann MaierAUT}} Hans KnaußAUT}} Stephan Eberharter
1999AUT}} Hermann MaierAUT}} Stephan EberharterAUT}} Andreas Schifferer
2000AUT}} Hermann MaierAUT}} Werner FranzAUT}} Fritz Strobl
2001AUT}} Hermann MaierAUT}} Christoph GruberAUT}} Josef Strobl
2002AUT}} Stephan EberharterSUI}} Didier CucheAUT}} Fritz Strobl
2003AUT}} Stephan EberharterLIE}} Marco BüchelSUI}} Didier Cuche
2004AUT}} Hermann MaierUSA}} Daron RahlvesAUT}} Stephan Eberharter
2005USA}} Bode MillerAUT}} Hermann MaierUSA}} Daron Rahlves
2006NOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalAUT}} Hermann MaierUSA}} Daron Rahlves
2007USA}} Bode MillerSUI}} Didier CucheCAN}} John Kucera
2008AUT}} Hannes ReicheltSUI}} Didier CucheAUT}} Benjamin Raich
2009NOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalITA}} Werner HeelSUI}} Didier Defago
2010CAN}} Erik GuayAUT}} Michael WalchhoferNOR}} Aksel Lund Svindal
2011SUI}} Didier CucheAUT}} Georg StreitbergerCRO}} Ivica Kostelic
2012NOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalSUI}} Didier CucheSUI}} Beat Feuz
2013NOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalITA}} Matteo MarsagliaAUT}} Matthias Mayer
2014NOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalNOR}} Kjetil JansrudSUI}} Patrick Küng
2015NOR}} Kjetil JansrudITA}} Dominik ParisAUT}} Matthias Mayer
2016NOR}} Aleksander Aamodt KildeNOR}} Kjetil JansrudNOR}} Aksel Lund Svindal
2017NOR}} Kjetil JansrudAUT}} Hannes ReicheltNOR}} Aleksander Aamodt Kilde
2018NOR}} Kjetil JansrudAUT}} Vincent KriechmayrNOR}} Aksel Lund Svindal
2019ITA}} Dominik ParisAUT}} Vincent KriechmayrSUI}} Mauro Caviezel
Women
Season1st2nd3rd
2017LIE}} Tina WeiratherSLO}} Ilka ŠtuhecSUI}} Lara Gut
2018LIE}} Tina WeiratherSUI}} Lara GutAUT}} Anna Veith
2019USA}} Mikaela ShiffrinAUT}} Nicole SchmidhoferLIE}} Tina Weirather

Super G at the major competitions

Men
CompetitionCourse setter1st2nd3rd
1987 WCH
1988 WOGFRA}} Franck PiccardAUT}} Helmut MayerSWE}} Lars-Borje Eriksson
1989 WCH
1991 WCH
1992 WOGNOR}} Kjetil-Andre AamodtLUX}} Marc GirardelliNOR}} Jan Einar Thorsen
1993 WCH
1994 WOGGER}} Markus WasmeierUSA}} Tommy MoeNOR}} Kjetil-Andre Aamodt
1996 WCH
1997 WCHNOR}} Atle SkårdalNOR}} Lasse KjusAUT}} Günther Mader
1998 WOGAUT}} Hermann MaierSUI}} Didier CucheAUT}} Hans Knauß
1999 WCHNOR}} Lasse Kjus
{{flagicon|AUT}} Hermann Maier		}} None awardedAUT}} Hans Knauß
2001 WCHUSA}} Daron RahlvesAUT}} Stephan EberharterAUT}} Hermann Maier
2002 WOGSUI}} F. ZuegerNOR}} Kjetil-Andre AamodtAUT}} Stephan EberharterAUT}} Andreas Schifferer
2003 WCHNOR}} M. ArnesenAUT}} Stephan EberharterUSA}} Bode MillerAUT}} Hermann Maier
2005 WCHNOR}} M. ArnesenUSA}} Bode MillerAUT}} Michael WalchhoferAUT}} Benjamin Raich
2006 WOGAUT}} A. EversNOR}} Kjetil-Andre AamodtAUT}} Hermann MaierSUI}} Ambrosi Hoffmann
2007 WCHSUI}} H. FlatscherITA}} Patrick StaudacherAUT}} Fritz StroblSUI}} Bruno Kernen
2009 WCHITA}} G. L. RulfiSUI}} Didier CucheITA}} Peter FillNOR}} Aksel Lund Svindal
2010 WOGITA}} G. L. RulfiNOR}} Aksel Lund SvindalUSA}} Bode MillerUSA}} Andrew Weibrecht
2011 WCHSUI}} H. FlatscherITA}} Christof InnerhoferAUT}} Hannes ReicheltCRO}} Ivica Kostelic
2013 WCHNOR}} T. MogerUSA}} Ted LigetyFRA}} Gauthier de TessièresNOR}} Aksel Lund Svindal
2014 WOGFRA}} P. MorisodNOR}} Kjetil JansrudUSA}} Andrew WeibrechtUSA}} Bode Miller
2015 WCHAUT}} F. WinklerAUT}} Hannes ReicheltCAN}} Dustin CookFRA}} Adrien Theaux
2017 WCHITA}} A. GhidoniCAN}} Erik GuayNOR}} Kjetil JansrudCAN}} Manuel Osborne-Paradis
2018 WOGITA}} A. GhidoniAUT}} Matthias MayerSUI}} Beat FeuzNOR}} Kjetil Jansrud
2019 WCH{{flagicon}}ITA}} Dominik ParisFRA}} Johan Clarey
{{flagicon|AUT}} Vincent Kriechmayr		{{flagicon}} None awarded
Women
CompetitionCourse setter1st2nd3rd
1987 WCH
1988 WOGAUT}} Sigrid WolfSUI}} Michela FiginiCAN}} Karen Percy
1989 WCH
1991 WCH
1992 WOGITA}} Deborah CompagnoniFRA}} Carole MerleGER}} Katja Seizinger
1993 WCH
1994 WOGUSA}} Diann Roffe SteinrotterRUS}} Svetlana GladyshevaITA}} Isolde Kostner
1996 WCH
1997 WCHITA}} Isolde KostnerGER}} Katja SeizingerGER}} Hilde Gerg
1998 WOGUSA}} Picabo StreetAUT}} Michaela DorfmeisterAUT}} Alexandra Meissnitzer
1999 WCHAUT}} Alexandra MeissnitzerAUT}} Renate GötschlAUT}} Michaela Dorfmeister
2001 WCHFRA}} Regine CavagnoudITA}} Isolde KostnerGER}} Hilde Gerg
2002 WOGSWE}} P. EndrassITA}} Daniela CeccarelliCRO}} Janica KostelićITA}} Karen Putzer
2003 WCHAUT}} B. ZobelAUT}} Michaela DorfmeisterUSA}} Kristen ClarkUSA}} Jonna Mendes
2005 WCHFRA}} X. FournierSWE}} Anja PärsonITA}} Lucia RecchiaUSA}} Julia Mancuso
2006 WOGAUT}} J. GrallerAUT}} Michaela DorfmeisterCRO}} Janica KostelićAUT}} Alexandra Meissnitzer
2007 WCHAUT}} J. GrallerSWE}} Anja PärsonUSA}} Lindsey VonnAUT}} Renate Götschl
2009 WCHSWE}} U. EmilssonUSA}} Lindsey VonnFRA}} Marie Marchand-ArvierAUT}} Andrea Fischbacher
2010 WOGAUT}} J. KriechbaumAUT}} Andrea FischbacherSLO}} Tina MazeUSA}} Lindsey Vonn
2011 WCHAUT}} J. KriechbaumAUT}} Elisabeth GörglUSA}} Julia MancusoGER}} Maria Riesch
2013 WCHSUI}} D. PetriniSLO}} Tina MazeSUI}}  Lara GutUSA}} Julia Mancuso
2014 WOGAUT}} F. WinklerAUT}} Anna FenningerGER}} Maria Hoefl-RieschAUT}} Nicole Hosp
2015 WCHAUT}} R. AssingerAUT}} Anna FenningerSLO}} Tina MazeUSA}} Lindsey Vonn
2017 WCHITA}} A. GhezzeAUT}} Nicole SchmidhoferLIE}} Tina WeiratherSUI}}  Lara Gut
2018 WOGAUT}} M. TatschlCZE}} Ester LedeckáAUT}} Anna VeithLIE}} Tina Weirather
2019 WCH{{flagicon}}USA}} Mikaela ShiffrinITA}} Sofia GoggiaSUI}}  Corinne Suter

WOG - Winter Olympic Games, WCH - FIS World Ski Championships

See also

{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}
  • Alpine skiing combined
  • Downhill
  • Giant slalom
  • Slalom
  • Skiing and skiing topics
{{col-break|gap=4em}}
  • List of Olympic medalists in men's super-G
  • List of Olympic medalists in women's super-G
  • List of Paralympic medalists in men's super-G
  • List of Paralympic medalists in women's super-G
  • List of world champions in super-G
{{col-end}}

References

1. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FaMyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=gu4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1554,1247516|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|agency=Associated Press|title=Cindy Nelson winner of new super slalom|date=March 24, 1982|page=31 }}
2. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iKgyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3OcFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2810,4573323|newspaper=Gettysburg Times|agency=Associated Press|title=Nelson takes super giant ski slalom title|date=January 11, 1983|page=8}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=G3hkAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EH8NAAAAIBAJ&pg=1428,206649|newspaper=Calgary Herald|last=Wood|first=Larry|title=Super-G inspires a super yawn|date=March 11, 1985|page=C1}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XPxLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ne4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2914,3806602|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|agency=Associated Press|title=Downhill specialist wins World Cup 'super-G'|date=December 23, 1982|page=26}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uEJYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=e_kDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4945,2833103 |newspaper=Spokane Chronicle|agency=(Boston Globe)|title=As season finishes, brothers Mahre find skiing kind of a drag|last=Chamberlain|first=Tony|date=March 9, 1983|page=C4}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fis-ski.com/mm/Document/documentlibrary/AlpineSkiing/09/72/66/2013icrkangwonlandupdate_Neutral.pdf|title=The International Ski Competition Rules, Book IV, Joint Regulations for Alpine Skiing|accessdate=2017-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215122001/http://www.fis-ski.com/mm/Document/documentlibrary/AlpineSkiing/09/72/66/2013icrkangwonlandupdate_Neutral.pdf|archive-date=2017-12-15|dead-url=yes|df=}}

External links

{{commons category|Super-G skiing}}
  • FIS-Ski.com{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} - results of first World Cup Super G race - Val-d'Isère- Dec-1982
{{skiing}}

3 : Alpine skiing|Games and sports introduced in 1982|Sports originating in the 1980s
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