| 词条 | Prunus microcarpa |
| 释义 |
|name = Small-fruited cherry |image = Prunus microcarpa 137-8360.jpg |image_caption = |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Rosids |ordo = Rosales |familia = Rosaceae |subfamilia = Amygdaloideae |genus = Prunus |species = P. microcarpa |binomial = Prunus microcarpa |binomial_authority = C.A.Mey.[1] |synonyms=
}}Prunus microcarpa (small-fruited cherry, Arabic name: كرز صغير الثمر ) is a species of Prunus native to Western Asia and the Caucasus.[1][2] DescriptionPrunus microcarpa is a deciduous bushy shrub with rigid branchlets. Its glabrous leaves are ovate to elliptic. Prunus microcarpa produces white to pale pink hermaphrodite flowers in April. The flowers are solitary or in pairs and are 1 cm across. Its 1 cm-long fruit is ovoid and turns yellow to orange, red or black when ripe and may be toxic if consumed excessively.[3][4]UsesThe shrub's fruit can be used to obtain a dark grey to green dye, and a green dye can be obtained from its leaves.[5] Plants in the Prunus species contain amygdalin and prunasin, substances which break down in water to produce hydrogen cyanide. Hydrogen cyanide is a colorless, extremely poisonous chemical that gives almonds their characteristic flavour. These substances are found mainly in the leaves and seed and can be detected by the bitter taste. It is usually present in too small a quantity to do any harm but any very bitter seed or fruit should not be eaten.[4] Consumption of small quantities of hydrogen cyanide stimulates respiration and improves digestion. Excessive consumption of the toxin can cause respiratory failure and death.[4] CultivationPrunus microcarpa requires full sun and dry conditions in a well-drained moisture-retentive loamy soil. The tree will form suckers if its shallow roots are damaged. Among the pests that affect the genus Prunus is honey fungus.[6] the seed requires 2–3 months cold stratification in order to germinate.[4]References1. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.lebanon-flora.org/species.php?id_pl=905&bp=let&bp_let=p | title=Prunus microcarpa C.A.Mey. | publisher=Faculty of Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth | work=Lebanon-flora.org | accessdate=4 September 2013}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3408643}}2. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/~sbmljw/cgi-bin/taxon.pl?30043 | title=Prunus microcarpa C. A. Mey. | publisher=United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area | work=GRIN taxonomy for plants | accessdate=4 September 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/Prunus/microcarpa | title=Prunus microcarpa | publisher=The Alpine Garden Society | work=Plant encyclopaedia | accessdate=4 September 2013}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Prunus+microcarpa | title=Prunus microcarpa — C.A.Mey. | publisher=Plants For A Future | accessdate=4 September 2013}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Ida Grae|title=Nature's colors: dyes from plants|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9s6AQAAIAAJ|accessdate=3 September 2013|date=February 1979|publisher=Collier Books|isbn=978-0-02-012390-3}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain)|title=The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e1FQAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=3 September 2013|year=1992|publisher=Macmillan Press|isbn=978-1-56159-001-8}} 7 : Prunus|Flora of Afghanistan|Flora of Georgia (country)|Flora of Iran|Flora of Iraq|Flora of Lebanon and Syria|Flora of Turkey |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。