| 词条 | Public Dance Halls Act 1935 |
| 释义 |
The Public Dance Halls Act 1935 is an Act of the Oireachtas which regulates dance halls in Ireland by introducing a licensing system and a tax on admission tickets.[1] BackgroundThe proposals were based on the recommendations of the 1932 report of the Carrigan Commission into juvenile sex crimes.[2] Other Carrigan Report recommendations were enacted in the Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill, which raised the age of consent and banned artificial contraception.[2][3] On dance halls, the report stated: In the course of the Inquiry no form of abuse was blamed more persistently for pernicious consequences than the unlicensed dances held all over the country in unsuitable buildings and surroundings, for the profit of persons who are liable to no control or supervision by any authority. The scandals that are the outcome of such a situation are notorious. They have been denounced in pastorals, exposed in the Press, and condemned by clergy, judges and justices, without avail. Before us the Commissioner, speaking for the Civic Guard, said these dance gatherings in many districts were turned into "orgies of dissipation, which in the present state of legislation the police are powerless to prevent." In short, there is no effective legislation to put down this nuisance. The Public Dance Halls Bill was introduced in 1934 by the then government of Fianna Fáil, and supported by the opposition Fine Gael and Labour parties.[4] It was supported by the Catholic hierarchy. Secular nationalist institutions like the Gaelic League the legislation were seen as beneficial for protecting Irish culture against foreign influence.[5] Cultural effectLicensing is administered at the district court, subject to the discretion of the local judge. In the early years of its effect, they were less tolerant of more recently introduced musical styles, such as set dancing (seen as "foreign") and jazz dance clubs.[6][7][8] However, it also disadvantaged many traditional Irish musical activities, such as private house dances and crossroad dances, forcing spontaneous and social music and dance into a controlled and commercialized environment. This set the conditions for the predominance of the céilidh, with its large and loud musical ensembles and wide open dance spaces.[5][9] The ceilidh arose at the expense of older traditional music, which declined in popularity for decades until the creation of the Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann, and later the Folk Revival brought new attention to traditional Irish music.[7] Current statusThe Act remains in force, with amendments.[10] Nightclubs may be subject to stricter conditions in some districts than in others, depending on the particular judge. The Irish Nightclub Industry Association has described the legislation as "archaic".[11] In 2001 there was confusion about whether the Act applied to lapdancing clubs.[12] References1. ^{{cite book|title=Dance Theatre in Ireland: Revolutionary Moves|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2EbCeH5DWQIC&pg=PA32|accessdate=28 April 2013|date=7 December 2012|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-03547-9|pages=32–}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/707|title=Review of 'Ireland’s Magdalen Laundries and the Nation’s Architecture of Containment'|last=Murphy|first=Paula|date=December 2008|work=Reviews in History|accessdate=21 December 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1935/en/act/pub/0006/index.html|title=Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1935|work=Irish Statute Book|accessdate=21 December 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail1934062800016?opendocument|title=In Committee on Finance. - Public Dance Halls Bill, 1934—Second Stage.|date=28 June 1934|work=Dáil Éireann debates|accessdate=21 December 2013}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|author=Susan Gedutis|title=See You at the Hall: Boston's Golden Era of Irish Music And Dance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TtO3jbQ1YZ0C&pg=PA34|accessdate=28 April 2013|date=1 July 2005|publisher=UPNE|isbn=978-1-55553-640-4|pages=34–}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Anthony Roche|title=The Cambridge Companion to Brian Friel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jexvtdc88PMC&pg=PA85|accessdate=28 April 2013|date=19 October 2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-82767-6|pages=85–}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Martin Stokes|author2=Philip V. Bohlman|title=Celtic Modern: Music at the Global Fringe /|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=64mYOIk8UIYC&pg=PA151|accessdate=28 April 2013|year=2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-4780-4|pages=151–}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=J. R. Hill|title=A New History of Ireland Volume VII:Ireland, 1921-84|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PfFXarIhGqEC&pg=PT1080|accessdate=28 April 2013|date=26 August 2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-161559-7|pages=1080–}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Fintan Vallely|title=The Companion to Irish Traditional Music|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_xN1VS6sWsEC&pg=PA103|accessdate=28 April 2013|year=1999|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=978-0-8147-8802-8|pages=103–}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/isbc/1935.html#a2_1935|title=Legislation directory: Public Dance Halls Act, 1935 |work=Irish Statute Book|accessdate=21 December 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hotelandrestauranttimes.ie/featuredhotelon10.html|title=INIA aim to improve standards|date=October–November 2010|work=Hotel and Restaurant Times Magazine|accessdate=21 December 2013}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/lapdancing-clubs-caught-on-the-hop-26249477.html|title=Lapdancing clubs caught on the hop|last=Dodd|first=Stephen|date=1 July 2001|work=Irish Independent|accessdate=21 December 2013}} External links
6 : Acts of the Oireachtas 1935|Music and politics|Dance venues|Licenses|Entertainment venues in Ireland|Irish dance |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。