| 词条 | Pump handle movement |
| 释义 |
DefinitionOne of the most important functions of the ribs and diaphragm is the change in volume of the thorax that helps inspiration and expiration.[2] In general, the ribs move around two axes.[1] The anterior end of the rib is lower than the posterior end; therefore, during elevation of the rib, the anterior end also moves forwards. Movement at costovertebral joints 2 to 6 about a side-to-side axis results in raising and lowering the sternal end of the rib, the "pump-handle" movement.This occurs mostly in the vertebrosternal ribs. In elevation, this increases the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax.[1][3] See also
References
1. ^1 2 https://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/part_4/chapter_20.html 2. ^Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. {{ISBN|978-0-8089-2306-0}}. 3. ^http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_20/20-7.HTM External links 2 : Thorax (human anatomy)|Respiration |
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