| 词条 | Puthiya Paravai |
| 释义 |
| name = Puthiya Paravai | image = Puthiya Paravai New Bird.jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = Dada Mirasi | producer = Sivaji Ganesan | screenplay = Nannu | based on = {{Based on|Sesh Anka|Rajkumar Mitra}} | starring = Sivaji Ganesan B. Saroja Devi M. R. Radha Sowcar Janaki | music = Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | cinematography = K. S. Prasad | editing = N. M. Shankar | studio = Sivaji Films | released = 12 September 1964 | runtime = 151 minutes | country = India | language = Tamil }} Puthiya Paravai ({{Literal translation|New Bird}}) is a 1964 Indian Tamil-language romantic thriller film directed by Dada Mirasi. Produced by Sivaji Ganesan, the film features him and B. Saroja Devi in the lead roles, with M. R. Radha, Sowcar Janaki, V. K. Ramasamy, Nagesh and Manorama playing supporting roles. The plot revolves around Gopal, a businessman who falls in love with a woman named Latha, but is haunted by the death of his wife Chitra. Puthiya Paravai is the maiden Tamil production of Sivaji Films, later renamed Sivaji Productions, and the third overall production for Sivaji Films after the Hindi films Amar Deep (1958) and Rakhi (1962). It is a remake of the Bengali film Sesh Anka (1963), which is itself inspired by the British film Chase a Crooked Shadow (1958). The costumes featured in the film were tailored and brought from Singapore, England and Japan. The soundtrack album and background score were composed by the duo Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy while the lyrics were written by Kannadasan. Puthiya Paravai was released on 12 September 1964 to positive reviews, with critics praising the film's style, music, and the performances from Ganesan and Saroja Devi while criticising the comic subplot featuring Nagesh and Manorama. The film was also a commercial success, with a theatrical run of over 100 days. It was later dubbed in Telugu as Singapore CID. Puthiya Paravai was re-released on 23 July 2010 at Ganesan's family-owned theatre Shanti, and was again met with positive response and commercial success. PlotGopal is a rich businessman en route to India from Singapore on a cruise ship. He meets Latha, another traveller who has been accompanied by her father Ramadurai. Gopal and Latha find that they like each other, so Gopal invites them to stay at his palatial mansion in Ooty, which they accept. One day, Latha discovers that Gopal becomes agitated whenever he sees an onrushing train and demands the reason for it. Gopal explains that the reason behind this is his first wife. In a flashback, after losing his mother, Gopal, in his sorrow had been wandering aimlessly at Singapore. In a nightclub, he meets a singer named Chitra. He gets attracted to her and they decide to marry, in the presence of Chitra's brother Raju. But he is disappointed — from the very first day of their marriage, she comes home inebriated, and despite his repeated requests, has little respect for tradition and family values. Eventually, Gopal's father dies of a heart attack after seeing Chitra's drunken behaviour on Gopal's birthday. Gopal tries to control Chitra, but she is always irritated by his acts. At one point, she tries to leave him. Gopal begs her to change her decision, but Chitra still leaves. The next day, he hears that Chitra had died on a railway track, and this hurts him a lot. Latha sympathises with Gopal and accepts his love. The engagement of Gopal and Latha is fixed and while the reception is being held, a young woman arrives, claiming to be Chitra, accompanied by her uncle Rangan. Gopal says the woman is an impostor, but she and her uncle produce evidence which convinces even Gopal's police officer friend Kumar. Gopal's engagement with Latha is cancelled. Chitra and Rangan become disruptive and Gopal gets frustrated, fearing that Latha might leave him because his "wife" has turned up. Several days later, Gopal reveals the truth to everyone. In a flashback, when Chitra was ready to leave Gopal, he slapped her. Chitra, suffering from a heart condition, is unable to take the insult of his slap and dies from the shock. Gopal realises that he had inadvertently killed his wife. To avoid arrest, and safeguard the honour of his family, he manipulates the murder to appear like a suicide on a railway track and fabricates the necessary evidence to show that Chitra committed suicide. Thus, Gopal escapes from the charges of murder. Not wishing to continue living in Singapore, he leaves by a ship to India. Upon hearing this, Latha reveals herself as a police officer investigating Chitra's death based on the complaint filed by Raju. Ramadurai is her senior posing as her father, Rangan is the local investigating officer, and the woman impersonating Chitra is actually Rangan's aide, Sarasa. Together, they staged an entrapment to get the killer's confession, because there was no other conclusive evidence. Latha confesses to a dejected Gopal that though she initially pretended to love him, his good nature impressed her and she truly loves him; she promises that she will wait for him till he returns after completing his jail term. Gopal is relieved, but is still arrested and imprisoned. Cast{{Quote box|title = |quote = Any role that is unusual, unconventional has a special appeal for me, a character like the one I played in Puthiya Paravai. Maybe it has something to do with my own psyche. I love complex characters. |source = - Sowcar Janaki, in an interview with Film World[1] |width = 28% |align = right }}
ProductionDevelopmentThe 1958 British thriller film Chase a Crooked Shadow, directed by Michael Anderson, was a global success, especially in India. It inspired the Bengali film Sesh Anka (1963), which starred Uttam Kumar, Sharmila Tagore and Sabitha Chowdhary. Sesh Anka{{'}}s screenplay by Rajkumar Mitra was acquired by Sivaji Films (later renamed Sivaji Productions) to be adapted in Tamil.[2] On 14 April 1963, Sivaji Films announced the adaptation, titled Puthiya Paravai ({{lit|New Bird}}),[3][4] with Dada Mirasi as its director. While the screenplay was written by Nannu who also worked as associate director,[5] Shanmugham, a relative of Sivaji Films founder Sivaji Ganesan, also made inputs to the screenplay.[6] Puthiya Paravai was the third production for Sivaji Films after the Hindi films Amar Deep (1958) and Rakhi (1962).[6] Arur Doss wrote the dialogues for the film.[7] K. S. Prasad, N. M. Shankar, and Ganga were hired as the film's cinematographer, editor and art director respectively.[5] CastingSivaji Ganesan was cast as the male lead Gopal, B. Saroja Devi and Sowcar Janaki FilmingPrincipal photography for Puthiya Paravai took place at Neptune Studios and Vijaya Vauhini Studios.[13] It was filmed in Eastmancolor.[14] The majority of costumes were tailored and brought from Singapore and England.[6] Janaki did not like the dress tailored for her, and instead opted for a black sari she bought in Hong Kong a few months earlier. This was the dress she wore during the filming of "Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo".[15][16] The tuxedo worn by Ganesan in the film was ordered from London.[17] For the filming of the song "Unnai Ondru Ketpen", he smoked so as to set the mood for the song's feel.[18] For some scenes in the film, Saroja Devi was made to walk with mincing steps and flutter her eyelashes.[19]After the climax was finished, Arur Doss immediately requested Ganesan and Mirasi to do the sequence again with the addition of the dialogue "Pennmaye! Nee Vaazhga! Ullame Unakku Oru Nanri" (Oh lady! May you live long! A note of thanks to your heart"). When Ganesan asked the reason for including it, Arur Doss mentioned that Gopal would be looked upon by the theatre audiences in a negative light if he did not say anything to confirm his love for Latha. Understanding the dialogue's essence, Mirasi then re-filmed the climax and included it.[13] The film was processed at Gemini Studios' laboratory.[20] The final length of the film was over {{Convert|4400|m|ft}}.{{efn|While the film's official length given by its CBFC certificate is {{Convert|4473|m|ft}},[21] film historian Film News Anandan's 2004 book Saadhanaigal Padaitha Thamizh Thiraipada Varalaru measures it at {{Convert|4486|m|ft}}.[29]}} ThemesIn her 2002 book Cinema of Interruptions: Action Genres in Contemporary Indian Cinema, Lalitha Gopalan noted that the male protagonists in Indian films use the piano to express their desire with no regard to the consequences and cited Sivaji Ganesan in Puthiya Paravai as an example for the same.{{sfn|Gopalan|2002|p=194}} Music{{Infobox album| name = Puthiya Paravai | type = Soundtrack | artist = Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | cover = | border = yes | alt = | released = | recorded = | venue = | studio = | genre = Feature film soundtrack | length = | language = Tamil | label = Saregama | producer = M. S. Viswanathan T. K. Ramamoorthy | prev_title = | prev_year = | next_title = | next_year = }} The film's soundtrack and score were composed by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy (a duo consisting of M. S. Viswanathan and T. K. Ramamoorthy) while the lyrics were written by Kannadasan; T. M. Soundararajan and P. Susheela are the only singers featured in the soundtrack.[22] The soundtrack was released under the label of Saregama.[23] The first song recorded was "Chittu Kuruvi".[24] "Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo" is inspired by Dean Martin's version of "Sway".[25][26] Philips, an autodidact guitarist, played the guitar for "Aha Mella".[27] "Unnai Ondru Ketpen" has a ragtime piano introduction while its interlude includes saxophone music.{{Sfnm|1a1=Mishra|1y=2006|1p=102|2a1=Cooke|2a2=Ford|2y=2016|2p=348}} The heavily orchestrated "Engey Nimmadhi" number, at that time, had the highest number of instruments used for recording. Choir singers from the Purasawalkam and Vepery areas of Chennai were used in the song.[28] According to film historian and actor Mohan Raman, "Kannadasan could not get the right words nor was there a tune ready and Sivaji came to the composing and did a pantomime of what he would like to do and thus was born the line and the song".[29] Cellist R. Selvaraj, whose father was a part of the orchestration for "Engey Nimmadhi" said 250 instrumentalists were used for playing different instruments in sync.[30] Other sources state that Viswanathan used over 300 instruments for the song.[31][32] The music directors tried over 100 different ways of composing the tune of "Engey Nimmadhi" before the song was recorded.[24] It was based on the raga Bilaskhani Todi.[33] S. S. Vasan of The Hindu Tamil compared the sombre moments in "Engey Nimmadhi" to that of the song "Mujhko Is Raat Ki Tanhai Me" from Dil Bhi Tera Hum Bhi Tere (1960).[34] The song "Yae Dushyanta", composed by Bharathwaj for Asal (2010) samples "Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo".[35] Singer Karthik performed "Aha Mella" live at "Two to Tango", an October 2016 concert organised by the Rotary Club of Madras South.[36] The soundtrack received positive response from critics; all the songs were successful,[2] especially "Engey Nimmadhi".[37] Film historian Randor Guy stated, "The movie has excellent music (Viswanathan-Ramamurthy; lyrics by Kannadasan) and many songs became hits — Paartha Gnaabakam Illayo...!, Unnai ondru ketpen ({{Sic|P. Sushila}}) and Engey nimmathee (T. M. Soundararajan)."[2] Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu said, "Who can forget the everlasting flavour of MSV’s expertise that emanated through each and every number, beginning with ‘Unnai Ondru Kaetpaen’!"[24] Film critic Baradwaj Rangan called it a "stylish musical bonanza".[38] According to singer Charulatha Mani, "Unnai Ondru Ketpen" was based on the Harikambhoji raaga and further wrote, "In the phrase, ‘Ennai Pada Sonnal’, the notes SRGR,S S,N set the mood for the raga." whilst also calling the song a "super-hit piece".[39] Music director and singer Ramesh Vinayakam said "Engey Nimmadhi" was an example of "the unconscious yet natural and healthy fusion that was happening to cinema music at the hands of music directors."[40] The Hindu included "Engey Nimmadhi" in its list, "Immortal songs of TMS".[41] P. K. Ajith Kumar of The Hindu stated, "Just as [Susheela] does not need to know the language to sing a song perfectly, we need not know Tamil to enjoy her songs like ... Chittukkuruvi... ( Puthiya Paravai )".[42] The Times of India noted, "Think any of Sivaji Ganesan's songs and you'll immediately think of the film. Be it the seductive club song Partha Nyabagam Illayo (Pudhiya Paravai)... the songs in his films were perfectly in sync with the sequence."[43] {{Track listing| headline = Track listing | extra_column = Singer(s) | total_length = 28:31 | all_lyrics = | title1 = Engey Nimmadhi | extra1 = T. M. Soundararajan | length1 = 6:21 | title2 = Chittu Kuruvi | extra2 = P. Susheela | length2 = 5:08 | title3 = Aha Mella | extra3 = T. M. Soundararajan | length3 = 4:12 | title4 = Unnai Ondru Ketpen | extra4 = P. Susheela | length4 = 3:02 | title5 = Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo | extra5 = P. Susheela | length5 = 3:38 | title6 = Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo | note6 = Sad | extra6 = P. Susheela | length6 = 4:00 | title7 = Unnai Ondru Ketpen | note7 = Sad | extra7 = P. Susheela | length7 = 2:10 }} ReleasePuthiya Paravai was released on 12 September 1964.[44] It was originally slated to be released in Shanti Theatre,[29] owned by Ganesan and his family.[17] However, the Hindi film Sangam was already running there successfully, so Ganesan instead released Puthiya Paravai in the now non-existent Paragon Theatre at Wallajah Road, which had to be refurbished before the film's screening.[29][45] It was Sangam{{'}}s lead actor, Raj Kapoor, who requested Ganesan to allow his film to continue running at Shanti, to which Ganesan obliged.[46] The film was later dubbed in Telugu as Singapore CID.[8]Critical receptionPuthiya Paravai received positive reviews.[2] On 4 October 1964, the review from Ananda Vikatan said the film could be accepted intellectually, but found it emotionally tough to accept due to the climax.[47] On 1 October, film critic Dinakaran, writing for the magazine Mutharam, found the film to be truly Hitchcockian. Dinakaran praised Ganesan's performance, noting that he pulls it off with effortless ease. He however, criticised Nagesh and Manorama's comedy, finding it dry.[20] In a review dated 12 September 1964, The Indian Express wrote about the film's central mystery, "[W]hen it is revealed after seven songs[,] a lot of love-play and familiar kitchen comedy, it loses its suspense and does not amount to much." The reviewer praised the performances of Ganesan and the supporting cast but criticised the comic subplot featuring Nagesh, the dialogue, lyrics, songs and make-up, and concluded, "The photographer and the art director seem to have a weakness for the colour red, but otherwise have done a good job."[48] Writing for Sport and Pastime, T. M. Ramachandran praised the performances of Ganesan and Janaki, but said there was "nothing much to write" about Saroja Devi. He said the film's pre-interval portions were generic, but "the story begins to grip only after the interval." Ramachandran added that Nagesh "fails to provoke laughter with his antics."[49]Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu said, "[Puthiya] Paravai is a thriller in the whodunit genre. Dada Mirasi's astute adaptation saw to it that the suspense was maintained till the very end, and the denouement neatly tied up the strands of suspense."[24] The Times of India rated the film four out of five, praising the performances of Ganesan, Saroja Devi, Janaki and Radha, and stated, "Coupled with the stylish visuals of KV Prasad and a haunting score by the composer duo MS Viswanathan and TK Ramamurthy, the film proves to be an irresistible thriller." The reviewer did, however, note that the first half of the film moved at a slow pace, but called the climax "riveting".[50] Guy stated, "Sivaji Ganesan as the hero forced into a corner is excellent. Saroja Devi exudes glamour, while Sowcar Janaki as the boozing wife acquits her role with considerable conviction", concluding that the film would be "Remembered for the taut onscreen narration, the excellent performances by Sivaji Ganesan, Sowcar Janaki and M. R. Radha, and Saroja Devi’s glamour".[2] Film historian Film News Anandan praised it for being "the first film which had a classy, rich look right through."[17] T. Ramakrishnan of The Hindu called Saroja Devi's character a "brilliant role".[51] He also stated that Radha's performance in the film was "among the best".[52] Mohan Raman noted that Janaki was popular mainly for her "sentimental" roles, but described her "anti-sentimental" role in Puthiya Paravai as one of her "exceptional performances".[53] Box officeIn Chennai, Puthiya Paravai had a theatrical run of 132 days at Paragon, 76 days at the theatres Krishna and Sayani, and for eight weeks in all major centres. Due to the successful run of the film at Paragon, Aandavan Kattalai (1964), which was also running at the same theatre, was removed after completing 70 days.[29] In popular culturePuthiya Paravai is frequently screened on Tamil television channels,[2] most notably Jaya TV.[54][55] The songs were featured in a charity concert held by M. S. Viswanathan at the Kamaraj Arangam in Chennai on 14 July 2012.[56] P. Susheela has named "Paartha Gnaabagam Illaiyo" and "Unnai Ondru Ketpen" as among her favourite songs that she had recorded.[57][58]Many scenes from the film, especially those involving Sivaji Ganesan and Saroja Devi were parodied many times. One notable parody is the comedy track from Guru En Aalu (2009), which featured Vivek and M. S. Bhaskar, who imitate Saroja Devi and Sivaji Ganesan respectively. The parody became popular and was frequently screened on comedy channels like Adithya TV and Sirippoli.[59][60][61][62] In Muthu (1995), Padmini (Subhashri) hums the song "Aha Mella".[63] In Thenali (2000), Kailash (Jayaram) watches "Chittu Kuruvi" on television but changes the channel after imagining that Ganesan's face morphs into that of Thenali (Kamal Haasan).[64] In Siruthai (2011), Kaatu Poochi (Santhanam) watches the film's climax on television before stealing the television set.[65] Scenes from Puthiya Paravai are featured in the film Burma (2014).[66][67] In the third season of the television show Airtel Super Singer, the show's host Dhivyadharshini and singer Mano imitate Saroja Devi and Sivaji Ganesan's mannerisms from the film.[68] Saroja Devi's dialogue "Gopal" also attained popularity, and was imitated by Vijayalakshmi (Jyothika) in Kaatrin Mozhi (2018).[69] Re-releasesFootage from Puthiya Paravai was screened at Ganesan's 80th birthday celebrations held at Kalaignar Arangam, Chennai in 2008.[70] The film was re-released on 23 July 2010 to commemorate the ninth anniversary of Ganesan's death.[29] The negatives of the film were "cleaned up at a lab" prior to release, and the film was released at Shanthi Theatre, where it could not originally be released in 1964. Despite being a re-release, the film earned public acclaim and took a good opening, running to one-hundred percent theatre occupancy for three days,[17] and became a commercial success.[71] In 2013, production house Sai Ganesh Films announced that the film's digitally restored version would be released in 2014, 50 years since the original release in 1964, but this did not happen.[72] The film was screened at the Russian Cultural Centre Auditorium in Alwarpet on 14 September 2014.[73] Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{Cite magazine |last=Gopalie |first=S. |year=1972 |editor-last=Ramachandran |editor-first=T. M. |title=Sowcar Janaki Wants to Retire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZnhTAAAAYAAJ |magazine=Film World |volume=8 |page=45 |ref=harv}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/cp/2009/06/26/stories/2009062650331600.htm|title=Puthiya Paravai 1964|last=Guy|first=Randor|date=26 June 2009|work=The Hindu|access-date=24 April 2012|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6FVZWQEkK?url=http://www.hindu.com/cp/2009/06/26/stories/2009062650331600.htm|archive-date=30 March 2013|dead-url=no|author-link=Randor Guy}} 3. ^{{Cite news |url=http://s1094.photobucket.com/user/pammalar/media/GEDC4550a-1.jpg.html |title=Sivaji Films Private Ltd. proudly presents Puthiya Paravai |date=14 April 1963 |work=The Hindu |access-date=13 July 2018}} 4. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/going-wild-over-titles/article6797543.ece |title=Going wild over titles |last=Srinivasan |first=Sudhir |date=18 January 2015 |work=The Hindu |access-date=27 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227084052/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/going-wild-over-titles/article6797543.ece |archive-date=27 February 2015 |dead-url=no}} 5. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19640912&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|title=Puthiya Paravai|date=12 September 1964|work=The Indian Express|page=12}} 6. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/and-now-scaling-heights-in-delhi/article3230508.ece |title=And now... scaling heights in Delhi |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=1 September 2006 |work=The Hindu |access-date=7 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207100534/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/and-now-scaling-heights-in-delhi/article3230508.ece |archive-date=7 December 2014 |dead-url=no}} 7. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/applause-and-accolades/article2925771.ece |title=Applause and accolades |date=24 February 2012 |work=The Hindu |access-date=1 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101092708/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/applause-and-accolades/article2925771.ece |archive-date=1 November 2014 |dead-url=no}} 8. ^1 2 {{Cite news |url=http://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/25224/cinema/Kollywood/Golden-Jubliee-movie-:-Puthiya-pavai.htm |title=பொன்விழா படங்கள்: புதிய பறவை: சிலிர்க்க வைத்த சிவாஜி ஸ்டைல் |date=21 December 2014 |work=Dinamalar |access-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207040232/http://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/25224/cinema/Kollywood/Golden-Jubliee-movie-%3A-Puthiya-pavai.htm |archive-date=7 December 2016 |dead-url=no |language=Tamil |trans-title=Golden Jubilee Movies: Puthiya Paravai: Sivaji's style which gave goosebumps}} 9. ^{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Fans-go-back-in-time-to-pay-tribute-to-Sivaji/articleshow/11596183.cms |title=Fans go back in time to pay tribute to Sivaji |date=23 January 2012 |work=The Times of India |access-date=24 April 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6FVZqEIIB?url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-23/chennai/30655334_1_sivaji-ganesan-sivaji-film-pudhiya-paravai |archive-date=30 March 2013 |dead-url=no}} 10. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/12/29/stories/2006122900820200.htm |title=A dauntless spirit showcased |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=29 December 2006 |work=The Hindu |access-date=24 April 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6FVZAJorz?url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/12/29/stories/2006122900820200.htm |archive-date=30 March 2013 |dead-url=no}} 11. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/shine-on/article2091748.ece |title=Shine on |last=Bhumika |first=K. |date=10 June 2011 |work=The Hindu |access-date=16 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216100029/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/shine-on/article2091748.ece |archive-date=16 December 2014 |dead-url=no}} 12. ^{{Cite news |url=http://cinemaexpress.com/cinemaexpress/story.aspx?Title=திருப்புமுனைத்+திரைப்படங்கள்+-+37&artid=110685&SectionID=128&MainSectionID=128&SectionName=News&SEO= |title=திருப்புமுனைத் திரைப்படங்கள் - 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16 : 1960s Tamil-language films|1960s mystery films|1960s romance films|1960s thriller films|1964 films|Films set in Malaysia|Films set on ships|Films shot in Ooty|Tamil remakes of Bengali films|Indian films|Indian mystery films|Indian romantic thriller films|Indian thriller films|Sailing films|Tamil films scored by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy|Tamil-language films |
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