| 词条 | Q3 (New York City bus) |
| 释义 |
|box_width = 300px |number = {{NYC bus infobox header |title=q3 }} |logo = |logo_width = |logo_alt = |subheader =Farmers Boulevard – JFK Airport |operatorlogo = NYC Transit logo.svg |oplogo_width = 200px |image = Metro Transit Authority-Orion VII Next generation (5189017146).jpg |image_width = 300px |image_alt = |caption = A Q3 bus stopped within John F. Kennedy Airport. |system = MTA Regional Bus Operations |operator = New York City Transit Authority |garage = Jamaica Depot |vehicle =
|livery = |pvr = |status = |open =1919 |close = |predecessors = |night = |locale = Queens |communities = Jamaica, Hollis, St. Albans, Springfield Gardens |termini = |start =Jamaica, Queens – 165th Street Bus Terminal Bay 1 |via =Hillside Avenue, Farmers Boulevard |end =JFK International Airport – Terminal 5 |length = [1][2] |otherroutes = |compete = |ibus = |level = |level1 = |frequency = |alt_frequency = |time = |day = 24 hours[2] |zone = |timetable_link= Q3 |annualpatronage=3,016,184 (2017)[3] |fare = $2.75 (MetroCard or coins) |cash = Coins only (exact change required) |transfers = Yes |map_link = |map = {{Q3 RDT|inline=yes}} |map_state = collapsed |map_name = |previous_line = Q2 |next_line = Q4 |notes = }} The Q3 bus route constitutes a public transit line in Queens, New York City, United States, operating via Farmers Boulevard between the 165th Street Bus Terminal in Jamaica and John F. Kennedy International Airport. Route description and serviceThe Q3 starts from Bay 1 at the 165th Street Bus Terminal in Jamaica, Queens. It then goes via Hillside Avenue, until it turns south onto Farmers Boulevard via either 187th Place or 188th Street based on the direction of travel. The route continues through the neighborhoods of Hollis, stopping at the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) station there. It then passes through St. Albans, before stopping at the LIRR station at Locust Manor. Then it continues, passing through Springfield Gardens before finally crossing Rockaway Boulevard, and then entering John F. Kennedy International Airport via North Boundary Road, passing by the North Cargo Area and Central Terminal Area before terminating at Terminal 5, where a connection to the AirTrain JFK is available.[2][4] A majority of the ridership of the Q3 is formed from airport employees from JFK.[5] Upon the route's extension to JFK Airport, more riders began to use the Q3, there were increased employment opportunities in Queens, airport hires were encouraged to move to Queens, and road congestion was relieved.[6] HistoryThe bus was originally operated by the Saint Albans Improvement Association by permit. The route was put under the supervision of the New York City Department of Plant & Structures in 1921 and it was established as Route 76, Saint Albans–Hollis–Jamaica on March 27, 1922.[7] The route ran from Saint Marks Avenue, now 119th Avenue, via Farmers Avenue, Seminole Avenue and Villard Avenue, which are both now 190th Street, and Hillside Avenue to Union Hall Street.[8] Because the majority of the Q3's route ran via Farmers Boulevard, it was known as the Farmers Boulevard Line.[9] The Q3 Hillside Avenue-Farmers Blvd bus was then transferred to Bee Line Bus in 1923.[10] Bee Line originally operated from 163rd Street and Jamaica Avenue in the Jamaica business district.[11] On October 1, 1930,[12] the Bee Line routes began terminating at the newly constructed Jamaica Union Bus Terminal near its former terminus. The new bus terminal was located at Jamaica Avenue and New York Boulevard (now Guy R. Brewer Boulevard), adjacent to the now-closed Union Hall Street Long Island Rail Road station.[12][13][14][15] On August 11, 1936, the Bee-Line routes were moved to the newly opened 165th Street Bus Terminal (then the Long Island Bus Terminal).[16][17][18] In May 1939, Bee-Line relinquished its Queens routes.[19] The bus was assumed by the North Shore Bus Company on May 22, 1939. These routes began operation from the terminal under North Shore Bus Company on June 25, 1939,[20] as part of the company's takeover of nearly all routes in Zone D (Jamaica and Southeast Queens).[21][22][23] The route was extended to Rockaway Boulevard on July 1, 1939. The route was cut back to the 165th Street Bus Terminal from 163rd Street and Jamaica Avenue on October 27, 1939.[10] On March 30, 1947, North Shore Bus would be taken over by the New York City Board of Transportation (later the New York City Transit Authority), making the bus route city operated.[24][25][26][27] Q3 service was extended from Rockaway Boulevard to JFK International Airport on December 6, 1987.[6][28] Prior to the extension, the Q3 only operated during weekday morning and evening peak periods. However, once the route was extended, the route was expanded to 21 hours per day, 7 days a week.[6] This extension was not designed for air travelers, as evident by the route's roundabout routing, but it was instead intended for airport employees, those at JFK Airport. In the areas of southeast Queens where the Q3 operates, there is a high concentration of airport workers, and before the extension, they had no direct access via public transportation.[29] The headways during peak-periods were shortened from 20–25 minutes to 15 minutes, and new midday, evening, and weekend service was provided every 30 minutes. The new extensions, was extensively advertised through the use of brochures and timetables, which were the first for a local bus in Queens. These were distributed by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey to its employees at JFK, and articles were written about the extension in airport newspapers and newsletters. All households in southeast Queens got mailings. A special inaugural bus with local dignitaries ran on December 6, 1987, with a celebration at JFK. Additional service was added to the route because of increased patronage of the route. A majority of the people who started using the Q3 to get to the airport previously to travel by car.[29] 24-hour service was added to the Q3 on April 11, 2004. At the same time, service to all JFK terminals except Terminal 4 was replaced by AirTrain JFK.[30][31] The route's JFK Terminus was moved to Terminal 5 on May 30, 2012, due to construction at Terminal 4.[31][32] See also{{attached KML|display=inline,title}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Transit & Bus Committee Meeting: January 2016|url=http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/160125_1030_Transit&Bus.pdf|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=March 9, 2016|date=January 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309014619/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/160125_1030_Transit%26Bus.pdf|archivedate=March 9, 2016|df=mdy-all}} {{Queens bus routes}}{{JFK Airport}}2. ^1 {{cite NYC bus|Q3}} 3. ^{{cite web | title=Facts and Figures | website=mta.info | date=August 28, 2011 | url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ridership/ridership_bus_annual.htm | accessdate=June 19, 2016}} 4. ^{{Cite NYC bus map|Q}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Boyle|first=Daniel K.|last2=Gawkowski|first2=Paul R.|date=January 1, 1992|title=PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FOR AIRPORT EMPLOYEES: Q3 EXTENSION INTO JOHN F. 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Bus Line Will Use New Jamaica Station: To Remove to $1,500,000 Terminal Tuseday Night|date=August 10, 1936|publisher=New York Herald Tribune|accessdate=July 1, 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/52631909/?terms=|title=Jamaica's Bus Terminal Open: Bee Line and Four Shops Lease Space-Centrally Located|date=August 16, 1936|via=Newspapers.com|newspaper=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|accessdate=July 9, 2015}} 19. ^{{cite 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news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E01EEDC1E31E633A25754C1A9649D946394D6CF&legacy=true|title=31 BUS FRANCHISES AWARDED BY CITY; 26 Grants in Manhattan Made to Forestall Stopping of Emergency Lines. UNIFIED SYSTEM HELD UP New York Railways Will Take Over Madison Av. Lines Today -- 2-Cent Transfer Points Fixed.|date=December 17, 1932|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=June 19, 2016}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://fultonhistory.com/highlighter/highlight-for-xml?uri=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspaper%252014%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201947%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201947%2520-%25201711.pdf&xml=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FdtSearch%2Fdtisapi6.dll%3Fcmd%3Dgetpdfhits%26u%3Dffffffff91f002b3%26DocId%3D4276671%26Index%3DZ%253a%255cIndex%2520U%252dF%252dP%26HitCount%3D29%26hits%3Da%2Bb%2B31%2B85%2B86%2Bbe%2B6ea%2B70a%2B79b%2B79c%2B79f%2B7c1%2B7c2%2B7cd%2B7ce%2B7d6%2B7f1%2B988%2B9a0%2B9b4%2B9c1%2Ba04%2Bc33%2Bc34%2Bc35%2Bc94%2Bc95%2Bd07%2Bd08%2B%26SearchForm%3D%252fFulton%255fNew%255fform%252ehtml%26.pdf&openFirstHlPage=false|title=Major Improvements Ordered in Zone D|date=April 10, 1947|work=Long Island Star-Journal|agency=Fultonhistory.com|page=2|accessdate=February 19, 2016}} 25. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oktGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA111|title=From a Nickel to a Token: The Journey from Board of Transportation to MTA|last=Sparberg|first=Andrew J.|date=October 1, 2014|publisher=Fordham University Press|isbn=978-0-8232-6190-1}} 26. ^{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1947/03/30/99268704.pdf|title=CITY TAKES OVER BUS LINE: O'Connor Selected to Operate North Shore System|date=March 30, 1947|work=The New York Times|accessdate=March 27, 2016}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://fultonhistory.com/highlighter/highlight-for-xml?uri=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspaper%252014%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201948%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201948%2520a%2520-%25200261.pdf&xml=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FdtSearch%2Fdtisapi6.dll%3Fcmd%3Dgetpdfhits%26u%3Dfffffffffe7444b9%26DocId%3D4151369%26Index%3DZ%253a%255cIndex%2520U%252dF%252dP%26HitCount%3D7%26hits%3Dbb%2Bbc%2B1be%2B1bf%2B1c0%2B6fc%2B6fd%2B%26SearchForm%3D%252fFulton%255fNew%255fform%252ehtml%26.pdf&openFirstHlPage=false|title=120-Passenger Vehicles Added For Next Week: 10 City Lines Will Have All New Equipment by Wednesday|date=December 31, 1948|website=Fultonhistory.com|publisher=Long Island Star-Journal|page=2|accessdate=January 9, 2016}} 28. ^https://web.archive.org/web/19980127010654/http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/nyct/Bus/busfacts.htm Department of Buses history NYC Transit 29. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1992/1373/1373-004.pdf|title=Transportation Research Record No. 1373 Aviation Airport Landside Operations and Planning|last=|first=|date=1992|website=|publisher=Transportation Research Board, National Research Council|access-date=June 19, 2016}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/bus/bussrvnoqn.htm|title=Bus Service Advisories: Queens|date=December 2004|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=February 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041205074610/http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/bus/bussrvnoqn.htm|archivedate=December 5, 2004}} 31. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/120625_1000_Transit.pdf|title=Transit Committee Meeting June 2012|date=June 2012|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=March 9, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813075205/http://www.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/120625_1000_Transit.pdf|archivedate=August 13, 2012|deadurl=yes}} 32. ^{{Cite web|url=http://mta.info/nyct/service/JFK_Terminal4BusStop.htm|title=mta.info {{!}} Planned Service Notices: JFK Airport Terminal 4 Bus Stop Relocation|date=May 31, 2012|accessdate=December 30, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531230717/http://mta.info/nyct/service/JFK_Terminal4BusStop.htm|archivedate=May 31, 2012}} 4 : MTA Regional Bus routes|Bus routes in Queens, New York|John F. Kennedy International Airport|1919 establishments in New York (state) |
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