| 词条 | Suryakant Tripathi |
| 释义 |
| name = Suryakant Tripathi | native_name = | native_name_lang = hi | birth_name = | image = Suryakant Tripathi 1976 stamp of India.jpg | imagesize = | alt = Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala' | caption = | pseudonym = Nirala | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1896|2|21}} | birth_place = Midnapore, Bengal Presidency, British India | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1961|10|15|1896|2|21}} | death_place = Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India | occupation = Writer, poet, essayist, novelist | nationality = Indian | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | period = Chhayavaad | genre = | subject = | movement = | notableworks = Saroj Smriti, Raam Ki Shaktipuja | spouse = Manohara Devi | partner = | children = | relatives = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | signature = | website = | portaldisp = }} Suryakant Tripathi, known by his pen-name as Nirala (21 February 1896[1]{{spaced ndash}}15 October 1961) was a poet, novelist, essayist and story-writer. He also drew many sketches. LifeSuryakant Tripathi was born on 21 February 1896 in Midnapore in Bengal (originally from Gadhakola, Unnao, Uttar Pradesh).[2] He participated in literary circles such as the Kavi Sammelan.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} Though a student of Bengali, Nirala took a keen interest in Sanskrit from the very beginning.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} Nirala's life, barring short periods, was one long sequence of misfortunes and tragedies. His father, Pandit Ramsahaya Tripathi, was a government servant and was a tyrannical person. His mother died when he was very young. Nirala was educated in the Bengali medium. However, after passing the matriculation exam, he continued his education at home by reading Sanskrit and English literature. Subsequently, he shifted to Lucknow and thence to Village Gadhakola of District Unnao, to which his father originally belonged. Growing up, he gained inspiration from personalities like Ramakrishna Paramhansa, Swami Vivekananda and Rabindranath Tagore. After his marriage at a young age, Nirala learnt Hindi at the insistence of his wife, Manohara Devi. Soon, he started writing poems in Hindi, instead of Bengali. After a bad childhood, Nirala had a few good years with his wife. But this phase was short-lived as his wife died when he was 20, and later his daughter (who was a widow) also expired. He also went through financial troubles during this time. During that phase, he worked for many publishers, worked as proof-reader and also edited Samanvaya. Most of his life was somewhat in the Bohemian tradition. He wrote strongly against social injustice and exploitation in society. Since he was more or less a rebel, both in form and content, acceptance did not come easily. What he got in plenty was ridicule and derision. All this may have played a role in making him a victim of schizophrenia in his later life and he was admitted to Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.[3] (Incidentally Bengali poet Kazi Nazrul Islam (who was later declared national poet of Bangladesh) had also been admitted to the same institute for schizophrenia. Nirala died in Allahabad on 15 October 1961. The world of Hindi literature is remarkable for ideological and aesthetic divisions.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} But today, the same reviled Nirala is one of the very few people in Hindi literature who are admired and respected by almost all, across all divisions. Today, a park, Nirala Uddyan, an auditorium, Nirala Prekshagrah, and a degree college, Mahapran Nirala Degree College, in the Unnao District are named after him.[2] His life-size bust has been installed at the main market square of Daraganj, Allahabad, a place where he lived for most of his life. His family still lives in Daraganj, Allahabad. The road on which his modest house was situated is now named "Nirala Marg". WorkMany of Nirala's poems have been translated by the late scholar, David Rubin, which are available in the collections, A Season on the Earth: Selected Poems of Nirala (Columbia University Press, 1977), The Return of Sarasvati: Four Hindi Poets (Oxford University Press, 1993), and Of Love and War: A Chayavad Anthology (Oxford University Press, 2005). Nirala : Aatmhanta Astha was a critical analysis of his works written by Doodhnath Singh.[4] WorksPoetry{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
Novels
Collections of stories
Essay-collections
Prose
Translations
References1. ^Ram Vilas Sharma (2002) Nirala ki sahitya sadhna, Part 1 (Biography). Rajkamal prakashan private limited. New Delhi. pp. 17, 443. 2. ^1 Famous Personalities {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016084339/http://unnao.nic.in/person.htm |date=16 October 2013 }} Unnao district Official website. 3. ^निराला, नज़रुल, मजाज़ भी रहे हैं रांची पागलखाने में – BBC News हिंदी. Bbc.com. Retrieved on 13 December 2018. 4. ^{{cite web|title=Nirala : Aatmhanta Astha|url=https://www.rajkamalprakashan.com/lok/literary-criticism/nirala-aatmhanta-astha|publisher=Rajkamal Prakashan|accessdate=14 January 2018}} External links
15 : 1896 births|1961 deaths|Hindi-language writers|Hindi poets|People from Paschim Medinipur district|People from Unnao|People from Allahabad|Poets from Uttar Pradesh|Poets from West Bengal|Writers from Uttar Pradesh|Writers from West Bengal|Writers from Allahabad|20th-century Indian poets|20th-century Indian male writers|Indian male poets |
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