“Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Susquehanna County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 43,356.^[1] Its county seat is Montrose.^[2] The county was created on February 21, 1810, from part of Luzerne County^[3] and later organized in 1812.^[4] It is named for the Susquehanna River.

History

Settlement and conflict

The first settlers began to move into the area from Philadelphia and Connecticut in the mid 1700s. At the time, the area was part of Luzerne County. As more and more people from Connecticut moved in, there began to be some conflict. Under Connecticut's land grant, they owned everything from present day Connecticut to the Pacific Ocean. This meant their land grant overlapped with Pennsylvania's land grant. Soon fighting began. In the end, the government of Connecticut was asked to surrender its claim on the area, which it did.

Formation

In 1810, Susquehanna County was formed out of Luzerne County and later in 1812, Montrose was made the county seat.

Coal and early prosperity

After the Civil War, coal started to be mined. Following this, railways and roads were built into the county allowing for more people to come. At one point the county had nearly 50,000 people. Coal became, as with neighboring counties, the back bone of the economy. This boom in coal would allow for an age of prosperity in the county.

Great Depression

When the Great Depression hit, the coal industry suffered horribly. Within months the coal industry was struggling. During World War II the coal industry picked up again, but only for a short time. Soon after the economy in the county failed. Many mines were closed, railways were torn apart, and the economy took a turn for the worse. Unemployment rose and population decline increased.{{dubious|date=September 2018}}

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|832|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|823|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|8.7|sqmi}} (1.0%) is water.^[5]

Susquehanna County is very mountainous, with large concentrations of mountains in the east and smaller, more hill-like mountains in the west. The highest mountain in the county is North Knob just west of Union Dale. Most people live in one of the several long and mostly narrow valleys. These valleys are good farming land.

Adjacent counties

Demographics

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 42,238 people, 16,529 households, and 11,785 families residing in the county. The population density was 51 people per square mile (20/km²). There were 21,829 housing units at an average density of 26 per square mile (10/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 98.54% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 0.67% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 26% were of English, 16.1% were of German, 15.1% Irish, 8.6% Italian and 7.7% Polish ancestry.

There were 16,529 households out of which 31.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.70% were married couples living together, 8.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.70% were non-families. 24.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county, the population was spread out with 25.50% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 27.10% from 25 to 44, 25.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 98.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.80 males.

Susquehanna County's live birth rate was 612 births in 1990. The County's live birth rate in 2000 was 499 births, while in 2011 it had declined to 374 babies.^[12]

Susquehanna County had a 318 babies born to teens (age 15–19) in 2011. In 2015, the number of teen births in Susquehanna County was 265.^[13]

According to research by The Center for Rural Pennsylvania, which is a legislative agency of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, the poverty rate for Susquehanna County was 12.8% in 2014.^[14] The statewide poverty rate was 13.6% in 2014. The 2012 childhood poverty rate by school district was: Blue Ridge School District - 42.9% living at 185% or below than the Federal Poverty Level; Montrose Area School District - 32%; Elk Lake School District - 45.3%; Forest City Regional School District - 53.7%; Mountain View School District - 48.8% and Susquehanna Community School District - 55.8%.^[15]

Politics

As of November 3, 2015, there were 24,854 registered voters in Susquehanna County.

County Commissioners

Row Offices

State Representatives^[20]

State Senators^[20]

US Representative

United States Senate

Economy

The economy in the county is mainly made up of: retail, health care industry, public school employment, small businesses, and government officials.^[21]

Major employers

Listed in order of number of employees. According to the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry 2015 monthly report:^[22]

Natural gas

Since unconventional drilling for natural gas began in 2008, some say the economy has improved. {{Citation needed|date=May 2016}} According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate in Susquehanna County was 6.1 percent in January 2008. It has since fluctuated between a high of 11.1 percent and a low of 3.1 percent. As of January 2018, the unemployment rate was 5.7 percent. ^[24] After decades of population growth since the 1950s, the population in Susquehanna County has since begun to decline, concurrent with the expansion of natural gas drilling and accompanying infrastructure. Between 2010 and 2016, there was an estimated population decline of 5.8 percent. As of 2011, there were 1,079 active natural gas wells in the county which had collectively been issued 795 notices of violations by the Department of Environmental Protection of Pennsylvania.^[25]

Tourism

Susquehanna County's natural environment, skiing, and small villages make it a growing tourist destination.{{fact|date=February 2019}}

Education

Public libraries

Public school districts

Vocational schools

Intermediate unit

Private schools

Transportation

Major Highways

Rail

Susquehanna County's last mainstream passenger train services ended in the late 1970s. Since then mainly freight trains have used the lines.

Air

Although Susquehanna County boasts several airstrips, they are strictly recreational. The closest main airports are in Binghamton, New York and Scranton, Pennsylvania.

Recreation

Susquehanna County is located in the Endless Mountains of northeastern Pennsylvania. Susquehanna County is rural in nature. In 2010, it ranked 54th out of 67 Pennsylvania counties for population density per square mile at 52.7 people per square mile.^[26]

Communities

Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. The following boroughs and townships are located in Susquehanna County:

Boroughs

Townships

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Susquehanna County.^[27]

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42115.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=November 22, 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Township Incorporations, 1790 to 1853|url=http://www.susqcohistsoc.org/incorp.htm|publisher=Susquehanna County Historical Society|accessdate=9 March 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623133749/http://www.susqcohistsoc.org/incorp.htm|archivedate=23 June 2015|df=}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/PA_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|title=Pennsylvania: Individual County Chronologies|publisher=The Newberry Library|website=Pennsylvania Atlas of Historical County Boundaries|date=2008|accessdate=March 13, 2015}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_42.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 10, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=October 9, 2018}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/pa190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 24, 1995|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|accessdate=March 10, 2015}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-05-14|title=American FactFinder}}
12. ^Pennsylvania Department of Health, Birth Age County Reports 1990 and 2011, 2011
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/pennsylvania/2011/measure/factors/14/data |author=Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, |title=Pennsylvania Teen Births 2015, |year=2016}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.rural.palegislature.us/demographics_datagram_poverty_rates_pa.html |title=Poverty Rates by County Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates |author=US Census Bureau |year=2015}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://pennbpc.org/education-facts-school-poverty-data |title=Student Poverty Concentration 2012 |author=Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center |year=2012}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|date=|website=uselectionatlas.org|accessdate=3 April 2018}}
17. ^The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 2,498 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 298 votes, Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 25 votes, and Socialist Labor candidate Arthur Reimer received 1 vote.
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://susqco.com/county-government/county-commissioners/|title=County Commissioners|author=|date=|website=susqco.com|accessdate=3 April 2018}}
19. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.pahomepage.com/news/marion-omalley-sworn-in-as-susquehanna-county-da/952682529|title=Marion O'Malley Sworn in as Susquehanna County D.A.|last=Bugda|first=Jayne Ann|date=2018-02-05|work=PAHOMEPAGE|access-date=2018-11-29|language=en-US}}
20. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/home/findyourlegislator/county_list.cfm?CNTYLIST=Susquehanna|title=Find Your Legislator|last=Center|first=Legislativate Data Processing|website=The official website for the Pennsylvania General Assembly.|language=en|access-date=2017-05-12}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.newpa.com/location/susquehanna/ |title=Susquehanna County Profile |author=Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development |year=2015}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.workstats.dli.pa.gov/Documents/County%20Profiles/Susquehanna%20County.pdf |title=Susquehanna County Profile |author=Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry |date=April 2016}}
23. ^PA Department of Labor and Industries - Center for Workforce Information & Analysis, Susquehanna County Profile 2014, October 2015
24. ^{{cite web |url=https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PASUSQ5URN |title=Unemployment Rate in Susquehanna County, PA |author=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |year=2018}}
25. ^{{cite web |url=http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/drilling/counties/susquehanna-county/ |title=Shale Play Susquehanna County Natural Gas Wells Map showing active wells and violations |author=NPR State Impact |year=2018}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/united-states/quick-facts/pennsylvania/population-density#chart |title=Pennsylvania Population per square mile, 2010 by County |author=U.S. Census Bureau |year=2010}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/2010census/|title=US Census Bureau 2010 Census|first=Center for New Media and|last=Promotions|date=|website=www.census.gov|accessdate=3 April 2018}}