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词条 Suvarnabhumi Airport
释义

  1. Etymology

  2. History

     Land purchase, early construction  Early construction, airport tests, and official opening  Initial difficulties  Capacity and safety issues  Tarmac problems  Plans to re-open Don Mueang for domestic flights  Repair and upgrades 

  3. Features

  4. Airport ranking

  5. Events

  6. Predatory irregularities

  7. Specifications

     Expansion 

  8. Airlines and destinations

     Passenger  Cargo 

  9. Traffic and statistics

     Busiest international routes  Traffic by calendar year 

  10. Ground transportation

     Airport Rail Link  Regional train  Bus  Car 

  11. Sky Lane

  12. References

  13. External links

{{short description|International airport in Bangkok, Thailand}}{{Redirect|Bangkok International Airport|the airport which now serves low-cost carriers|Don Mueang International Airport}}{{Redirect|BKK}}{{Update|date=June 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}{{Infobox airport
| nativename = ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ
| name = Suvarnabhumi Airport
| image = Suvarnabhumi Airport Logo.svg
| image-width = 270
| image2 = Bkk airport.jpg
| image2-width = 300
| IATA = BKK
| ICAO = VTBS
| WMO = 48459
| location = 999 Moo 1 Racha Thewa, Bang Phli, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| hub =
  • Asia Atlantic Airlines
  • Bangkok Airways
  • Jet Asia Airways
  • Thai Airways
  • Thai Smile
  • Thai Vietjet Air

| focus_city =
  • Cathay Pacific
  • EVA Air
  • Emirates
  • Royal Jordanian

| pushpin_label = BKK
| metric-rwy = y
| type = Public
| owner =
| operator = Airports of Thailand PCL (AOT)
| city-served = Bangkok and Samut Prakan
| elevation-f = 5
| website = [1]
| coordinates = {{coord|13|41|33|N|100|45|00|E|region:TH-11|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map = Thailand Bangkok#Thailand#Southeast Asia
| r1-number = 01R/19L
| r1-length-m = 4,000
| r1-surface = Asphalt concrete
| r2-number = 01L/19R
| r2-length-m = 3,700
| r2-surface = Asphalt concrete
| r3-number=3rd Runway (Planning)
| r3-surface= Asphalt concrete
| r3-length-m=4,000[2]
| stat-year = 2018
| stat1-header = Total passengers
| stat1-data = 63,378,923 {{increase}}4.1%
| stat2-header = International passengers
| stat2-data = 51,506,932 {{increase}}4.0%
| stat3-header = Domestic passengers
| stat3-data = 11,871,991 {{increase}}4.7%
| stat4-header = Aircraft movements
| stat4-data = 369,474 {{increase}}5.4%
| stat5-header = Freight (tonnes)
| stat5-data = 1,494,599 {{increase}}3.8%
| footnotes = Sources: Airport[3]
}}

Suvarnabhumi Airport ({{lang-th|ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ}}, {{RTGS|Suwannaphum}}, {{IPA-th|sùʔ.wān.nā.pʰūːm|pron|Th-Suwannaphum.ogg}}[4]) {{airport codes|BKK|VTBS}}, also known unofficially as Bangkok Airport,[5][6] is one of two international airports serving Bangkok, Thailand. The other older one is Don Mueang International Airport.[7][8] Suvarnabhumi covers an area of {{convert|3,240|ha|km2 acre|abbr=on}}, making it one of the biggest international airports in Southeast Asia and a regional hub for aviation.

Suvarnabhumi was officially opened for limited domestic flight service on 15 September 2006, and opened for most domestic and all international commercial flights on 28 September 2006.[9]

The airport is currently the main hub for Thai Airways International, Thai Smile Airways, and Bangkok Airways. It also serves as regional gateway and connecting point for various foreign carriers.

The airport is on what had formerly been known as Nong Nguhao (Cobra Swamp) in Racha Thewa in Bang Phli, Samut Prakan, about {{convert|25|km}} east of downtown Bangkok. The terminal building was designed by Helmut Jahn of Murphy / Jahn Architects. It was constructed primarily by ITO JV. The airport had the world's tallest free-standing control tower ({{convert|132.2|m|ft|disp=or}}) from 2006 to 2014,[10] and the world's fourth largest single-building airport terminal ({{convert|563000|m2|disp=or}}).

Suvarnabhumi is the 21st busiest airport in the world,[11] eleventh busiest airport in Asia, and the busiest in the country, having handled 60 million passengers in 2017,[11] and is also a major air cargo hub, with a total of 95 airlines. On social networks, Suvarnabhumi was the world's most popular site for taking Instagram photographs in 2012.[12]

The airport inherited the airport code, BKK, from Don Mueang after the previous airport ceased international commercial flights. The modern Motorway 7 connects the airport, Bangkok, and the heavily industrial eastern seaboard of Thailand, where most export manufacturing takes place.

Etymology

The name Suvarnabhumi is Sanskrit for "Land of Gold"{{citation needed|date=September 2018}} (Devanagari: IAST: Suvarṇabhūmi; Suvarṇa[13] is "Gold", Bhūmi[14] is "Land"; literally "Golden Land"). The name was chosen by the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej which the name Bhūmi was being part of the monarch's profile and as it named after him and refers to the Hindu-Buddhist golden kingdom, theorised to have been located to the east of the Ganges, possibly somewhere in Southeast Asia. In Thailand, government proclamations and national museums insist that Suvarnabhumi was somewhere in the coast of central plain, near the ancient city of U Thong, which might be the origin of the Indianised Dvaravati culture.[15] Although the claims have not been substantiated by any historical records, the Thai government named the new Bangkok airport Suvarnabhumi Airport, in celebration of this tradition.

History

Land purchase, early construction

The need for the new airport was recognized in 1973 when 8,000 acres of land was purchased 40 kilometres east of Bangkok. The site, known as Cobra Swamp, was drained and named Suvarnabhumi, meaning "realm of gold". On 14 October 1973, student-led protests led to the overthrow of the military government of Prime Minister Thanom Kittikachorn and the project was shelved.

After a series of ups and downs, the "New Bangkok International Airport" company (NBIA) was formed in 1996. Due to political and economic instabilities, notably the Asian financial crisis of 1997, construction did not begin until six years later in January 2002 by the government of Thaksin Shinawatra.

Early construction, airport tests, and official opening

The airport was due to open in late 2005, but a series of budget overruns, construction flaws, and allegations of corruption plagued the project.

A further delay was caused by the discovery that the airport had been built over an old graveyard. Superstitious construction workers claimed to have seen ghosts there. On 23 September 2005, the Thai airports authority held a ceremony where 99 Buddhist monks chanted to appease the spirits.[16]

Full tests of the airport took place on 3 and 29 July 2006. Six airlines—Thai Airways International, Nok Air, Thai Air Asia, Bangkok Airways, PBair, and One-Two-GO—used the airport as a base for twenty domestic flights.[17][18] The first international test flights were conducted on 1 September 2006. Two Thai Airways aircraft, a Boeing 747-400 and an Airbus A300-600, simultaneously departed the airport at 09:19 to Singapore and Hong Kong. At 15:50 the same aircraft flew back and made simultaneous touchdowns on runways 19L and 19R. These test flights demonstrated the readiness of the airport to handle traffic.{{Citation needed|date=June 2015}}

On 15 September 2006, the airport started limited daily operations with Jetstar Asia Airways operating three Singapore to Bangkok flights. Bangkok Airways moved to the airport on 21 September. AirAsia and Thai AirAsia followed on 25 September and on 26 September Nok Air moved to Suvarnabhumi Airport. During this initial phase, as well as in the previous tests, the airport used the temporary IATA code NBK.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}

Suvarnabhumi officially opened at 03:00 on 28 September 2006, taking over all flights from Don Mueang. The first flight to arrive was a Lufthansa Cargo flight LH8442 from Mumbai at 03:05.[19] The first commercial arrival was Japan Airlines at 03:30. The first passenger arrival was Aerosvit flight VV171 from Kiev at 04:30, and the first cargo departure was Saudi Arabian Airlines flight SV-984 to Riyadh at 05:00.[20] Aerosvit also had the first passenger departure (VV172 to Kiev) around 05:30.[21]

Initial difficulties

Difficulties were reported in the first few days of the airport's operation. On the first day alone, sluggish luggage handling was common—the first passenger arrival by Aerosvit took an hour for the luggage to start coming out, and some flights did not have their luggage coming out even after four hours. Flights were delayed (Thai Airways claimed that 17 of 19 flights were delayed that day), and there were failures with the check-in system.[22][23] Subsequent problems included the failure of the cargo computer system, and the departure boards displaying the wrong information, resulting in confused passengers (especially as unlike Don Mueang, there were no "final calls" issued).[24]

Months after its opening, issues of congestion, construction quality, signage, provision of facilities, and soil subsidence continued to plague the project, prompting calls to reopen Don Mueang to allow for repairs to be made.[25] Expert opinions varied widely on the extent of Suvarnabhumi's problems as well as their root cause. Most airlines stated that damage to the airport was minimal.[26][27] Then Prime Minister Surayud Chulanont reopened Don Mueang for domestic flights on a voluntary basis on 16 February 2007, with 71 weekly flights moved back initially, but no international flights.[28]

Capacity and safety issues

Tarmac problems

In January 2007, ruts were discovered in the runways at Suvarnabhumi.[29] The east runway was scheduled to close for repairs. Expert opinions varied as to the cause of the ruts.[26] Airport authorities and airline representatives maintained that the airport was still safe and resisted suggestions that the airport should be completely closed and all flights moved back to Don Mueang.[30]

On 27 January 2007, the Department of Civil Aviation declined to renew the airport's safety certificate, which had expired the previous day. The ICAO requires that international airports hold aerodrome safety certificates, but Suvarnabhumi continued to operate because the ICAO requirement had yet to be adopted as part of Thai law.[31]

As of early 2016, tarmac problems persisted at Suvarnabhumi. Soft spots on the tarmac, taxiways, and apron area had not been permanently fixed. Aircraft were getting stuck on the soft surfaces that are the result of sub-standard materials. "The constant resurfacing of the tarmac, taxiways and apron area with asphalt is an unacceptable patchwork solution. We literally need a "concrete" solution," said Tony Tyler, IATA's director general and CEO.[32]

Plans to re-open Don Mueang for domestic flights

In January 2007, Thai Airways announced a plan to move some of its domestic operations back to Don Mueang International Airport due to overcrowding. Three days later, the Ministry of Transport recommended temporarily reopening Don Mueang while repair work on the runways at Suvarnabhumi proceeded. At that time, Thai Airways said it would shift most of its domestic flights back to Don Mueang while keeping flights with high international passenger connections such as Chiang Mai and Phuket at Suvarnabhumi. On 28 March 2009, Thai Airways discontinued all domestic flights from Don Mueang. Bangkok Airways and One-Two-GO had similar plans, but Bangkok Airways remained at Suvarnabhumi. Thai AirAsia said it would not move unless it could shift both its international and domestic operations, prompting them to stay at Suvarnabhumi for the time being. Nok Air and PBair were undecided, but Nok Air later relocated all flights to Don Mueang, where they operate today.[33][34] As of January 2010, only Nok Air and One-Two-GO operated domestic flights from Don Mueang Airport. PBair have ceased operations altogether. One-Two-GO was integrated into Orient Thai Airlines in July 2010, but continues to operate from Don Mueang Airport.

As of 1 October 2012 Air Asia has moved all of its Bangkok operations to Don Mueang International Airport (DMK) from Suvarnabhumi Airport (BKK).[35]

Repair and upgrades

Airports of Thailand found that the cost of fixing 60 identified problems at the airport would be less than one percent of the total airline cost and the problems could be fixed in up to four to five years. Dr Narupol Chaiyut, a member of a committee overseeing service problems at the new airport, estimated that 70 percent of the problems would be fixed in 2007. Twenty of the 60 problems were successfully fixed by February 2007.[36]

Features

Suvarnabhumi Airport's main terminal roof is designed with structural elements and bays placed in a cantilevered, wavelike form to appear to "float" over the concourse beneath. This overall design principle was to express the former essence of the site, from which water had to be drained before construction could begin. The eight composite 2,710-ton trusses supporting the canopy of the main terminal are essentially diagrams of the bending moments acting on them, with the greatest depth at mid-span and over the supports.[37]

The result of Helmut Jahn's vision is a structure with performance materials serve in their total composition and in use more than in their conventional roles. This maximizes daylight use in comfort with substantial energy life-cycle cost savings. The installed cooling system reduced up to 50 percent compared to a conventional system. A translucent membrane with three layers was developed to mediate between the interior and exterior climate, dealing with noise and temperature transmission, while still allowing natural flow of daylight into building.[38]

Airport ranking

The airport was ranked number 36 among the world's top 100 airports in 2018. Other ASEAN airports in 2018 were ranked: Singapore Changi Airport, 1; Kuala Lumpur International Airport, 44; Jakarta, 45; Hanoi, 82.[39] Suvarnabhumi was ranked 38 in 2017[40] and 36 in 2016.[41] According to the Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI) in 2018, the airport's ranking had not improved over the past six years. Customer complaints include: lengthy immigration waiting times; transit day room issues; insufficient numbers of chairs and phone charging points; insufficient English-speaking staff; and poor information displays.[42][43]

Events

{{see also|People's Alliance for Democracy#Seizure of Suvarnabhumi International Airport}}

On 25 January 2007, due to work upgrading the taxiways which suffered from small cracks, a few incoming flights were delayed and several flights were safely diverted to U-Tapao International Airport in Rayong Province.[44]

On 26 November 2008, an illegal occupation of the airport took place by People's Alliance for Democracy, closing the departure lounge and blocking exits and leaving almost 3,000 passengers stranded in the main terminal and another 350,000 stranded inside the country, as all flights were grounded. The People's Alliance for Democracy seized the control tower at 12:00.[45]

On 2 December 2008, protesters agreed to leave the airport as they had been illegally protesting and permitted the resumption of flights. Security checks, clean-ups, and re-certification once the illegal occupation ended delayed the airport from being fully functional until 5 December 2008.[46]

Predatory irregularities

Petty thieves and confidence men, the majority of them illegal taxi drivers or tour guides, are known to prey on tourists in the arrival hall. They belong to politically-well connected criminal groups: Kamnan Samruay, Boonruang Srisang, Sak Pakphanang, the Pattaya Mafia and Phuyai Daeng.[47] Evicting them has proved difficult as they allegedly are well connected. (The head of the Pirap gang is supposedly related to an Airports of Thailand executive, while the Phuyai Daeng has ties to influential civil servants in Samut Prakan.[47])

On 1 October 2010, two hundred armed men occupied the airport's parking area for an hour, blocking the building's entrances and seizing ticket booths to collect fares from motorists.[48] Airport security personnel failed to respond, reportedly because of an internal dispute within the parking management company, the firm contracted to run the parking facilities.[48]

Specifications

Costing an estimated 155 billion baht (US$5 billion), the airport has two parallel runways (60 m wide, 4,000 m and 3,700 m long) and two parallel taxiways to accommodate simultaneous departures and arrivals.[49] It has a total of 120 parking bays (51 with contact gates and 69 remote gates), with five of these capable of accommodating the Airbus A380. The main passenger terminal building, with a capacity of handling 76 flight operations per hour, co-locates the international and domestic terminals, though assigning them to different parts of the concourse. In the initial phase of construction, it was capable of handling 45 million passengers and three million tonnes of cargo per year. Above the underground rail link station and in front of the passenger terminal building is a 600-room hotel operated by Accor Group under the Novotel brand.

The airport's passenger terminal is the world's largest passenger terminal ever constructed in one phase at {{convert|563000|m2}}, and is also currently the fourth biggest passenger terminal building in the world, after the Hong Kong International Airport ({{convert|570000|m2|disp=or}}), Beijing Capital International Airport ({{convert|990000|m2|disp=or}}), with the largest passenger terminal at Dubai International Airport (Terminal 3 is over {{convert|1713000|m2|disp=or}}). The airport air-traffic control tower was the tallest in the world at {{convert|135|m|ft}} from 2006 to 2014.[10]

Suvarnabhumi Airport has 72 jet bridges and 69 non-jet bridges. Additionally, flights are able to park at remote locations on the ramp, from which airport buses transport passengers to and from the terminal. Suvarnabhumi Airport has 18 jet bridges and 6 non-jet bridges for Airbus 380–800.{{citation needed|date=December 2014}}

From the opening of Suvarnabhumi in 2006 to early 2017, eight people had fallen to their deaths from upper-floor walkways, prompting the airport to spend 33 million baht in 2013 building glass barriers to stop people falling or taking their lives.[50]

Expansion

By mid-2015, the airport was handling more than 800 flights per day, higher than its 600-flight capacity. It has exceeded its capacity of 45 million passengers per year.[51]

Airports of Thailand (AOT) approved an investment budget for the expansion of Suvarnabhumi Airport and expected construction to begin in 2019 and finish in 2021 or early 2022.[52][53] The plan was to strengthen Suvarnabhumi Airport's position as a regional aviation hub. Phase Two would raise the airport's capacity to 65 million passengers a year and would be undertaken in parallel with the construction of a new domestic terminal.[54] The new domestic terminal will be intended to accommodate more than 30 million passengers annually.[53]

The two expansion projects are part of the overall airport enlargement that would see Suvarnabhumi raise its annual passenger handling capacity to 125 million passengers, 90 million international and 35 million domestic passengers by 2024 at an estimated cost of 163 billion baht (US$5.25 billion/€3.62 billion). The expansion includes the construction of one additional runway, subsequent enlargement of domestic and international terminals, and improvements to parking bays, car parks, and other airport infrastructure.[55]

An expansion plan to increase the passenger capacity of the airport to 65 million by building an additional satellite passenger terminal linked to the current main terminal via an underground automated people mover (APM) system was set to be voted on by the AOT board during a 17 May 2012 meeting. If the plan gains endorsement by the board it will be able to proceed to appointing a project management consultant (PMC) which will bring it one step closer to commencing construction on the much needed expansion. If all goes to plan the expansion is set to be completed in 2018. The expansion also includes a plan to expand the airport parking garage as well as the expansion of the eastern end of the main passenger terminal by 135 meters along with the construction of a new airline office building. The expansion does include plans to construct a third runway of 3,700 meters. According to the Bangkok Post, the new satellite terminal will have a total of 28 gates, with eight for the Airbus A380 super jumbo jet.[56]

The new passenger terminal will be used only by Bangkok Airways and flag carrier Thai Airways (and its budget subsidiary Thai Smile). Upon completion of the satellite terminal, other Star Alliance members will be given the check-in concourse of Thai Airways.[57]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

{{refimprove section|date=January 2017}}{{Airport destination list
| Aeroflot | Moscow–Sheremetyevo
| Air Astana | Almaty, Nur-Sultan
| Air Austral | Saint–Denis de la Réunion
| Air China | Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Lianyungang,[58] Shanghai–Pudong, Tianjin
| Air France | Paris–Charles de Gaulle
| Air India | Bengaluru,[59][60] Delhi, Kolkata,[59][60] Mumbai
| Air Macau | Macau
| All Nippon Airways | Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
| Arkia | Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion[61]
| Asia Atlantic Airlines | Charter: Sapporo–Chitose, Shenyang
| Asiana Airlines | Seoul–Incheon
| Austrian Airlines | Vienna
| Azerbaijan Airlines | Baku
| Azur Air | Seasonal charter: Barnaul, Moscow–Domodedovo, Omsk, Rostov-on-Don, Surgut, Tyumen
| Bangkok Airways | Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Da Nang, Ko Samui, Krabi, Lampang, Luang Prabang, Malé, Mandalay, Mumbai, Naypyidaw, Nha Trang,[62] Phnom Penh, Phu Quoc, Phuket, Siem Reap, Singapore, Sukhothai, Trat, Vientiane, Yangon
| Biman Bangladesh Airlines | Dhaka
| Bhutan Airlines | Kolkata, Thimphu/Paro
Seasonal: Gaya[63]
| British Airways | London–Heathrow
| Cambodia Airways | Phnom Penh (begins 11 April 2019)[64]
| Cathay Pacific | Hong Kong, Singapore
| Cebu Pacific | Manila
| China Airlines | Kaohsiung, Taipei–Taoyuan
| China Eastern Airlines | Beijing–Capital, Changsha (resumes 1 April 2019),[65] Chengdu, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Guangzhou,[66] Kunming, Lanzhou, Nanchang, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen (begins 26 April 2019),[65] Wenzhou, Wuhan, Wuxi, Taiyuan, Xi'an, Xining, Yinchuan
Seasonal: Hangzhou, Hefei
| China Express Airlines | Zhanjiang[67]
| China Southern Airlines | Changsha, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Jieyang, Lanzhou, Nanning, Sanya,[68] Shenyang, Shenzhen, Urumqi,[69] Wuhan, Zhangjiajie,[70] Zhengzhou
| Druk Air | Bagdogra, Gaya, Guwahati, Kolkata, Thimphu/Paro
| Eastar Jet | Jeju, Seoul–Incheon
| EgyptAir | Cairo, Hong Kong[71]
| El Al | Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion
| Emirates | Dubai–International, Hong Kong, Phnom Penh (begins 1 June 2019),[72] Sydney (ends 31 May 2019)[73]
| Ethiopian Airlines | Addis Ababa, Hong Kong
| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi
| Eurowings | Düsseldorf (ends 26 October 2019)[74]
Seasonal: Munich (resumes 27 October 2019)[75]
| EVA Air | Amsterdam, London–Heathrow, Taipei–Taoyuan, Vienna
| Finnair | Helsinki
| Garuda Indonesia | Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
| Gulf Air | Bahrain
| GX Airlines | Nanning[76]
| Hainan Airlines | Beijing–Capital, Haikou
| Hebei Airlines | Guiyang,[77] Lianyungang,[78] Shijiazhuang
| Hong Kong Airlines | Hong Kong
| HK Express | Hong Kong[79]
| IndiGo | Bengaluru,[80] Chennai,[80] Kolkata,[81] Varanasi[80]
| Japan Airlines | Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
| JC International Airlines | Phnom Penh
| Jeju Air | Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Seasonal: Cheongju,[82] Muan[83]
| Jet Airways | Delhi, Mumbai (both resume 1 May 2019)[84]
| Jet Asia Airways | Tokyo–Narita, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
| Jetstar Airways | Melbourne
| Jetstar Asia Airways | Singapore
| Jetstar Pacific Airlines |Ho Chi Minh City
Charter: Cam Ranh
| Jin Air | Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Seasonal: Jeju
| Juneyao Airlines | Shanghai–Pudong, Shenyang
| Kenya Airways | Guangzhou, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
| KLM | Amsterdam
| Korean Air | Busan, Seoul–Incheon
| Kunming Airlines | Kunming[85]
| Kuwait Airways | Kuwait City
| Lanmei Airlines |Phnom Penh
| Lao Airlines | Luang Prabang, Pakse, Savannakhet, Vientiane
| LOT Polish Airlines | Seasonal charter: Warsaw-chopin
| Lucky Air | Chengdu, Kunming, Zhengzhou[86]
| Lufthansa | Frankfurt, Munich (resumes 2 June 2019, ends 27 October 2019)[87][75]
| Mahan Air | Tehran–Imam Khomeini
| Malaysia Airlines | Kuala Lumpur–International
| Maldivian | Chengdu, Hangzhou,[88] Malé
| MIAT Mongolian Airlines | Seasonal: Ulaanbaatar
| {{nowrap|Myanmar Airways International}} | Mandalay, Yangon
| Myanmar National Airlines | Mandalay, Yangon
| Nepal Airlines | Kathmandu
| Nordwind Airlines | Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Seasonal charter: Arkhangelsk, Mineralnye Vody, St. Petersburg
| Norwegian Air Shuttle | Copenhagen, Oslo–Gardermoen, Stockholm–Arlanda
| Okay Airways | Nanning,[89] Tianjin, Xi'an
| Oman Air | Muscat
| Pakistan International Airlines |Kuala Lumpur–International,[90] Lahore[91]
| Peach | Naha
| Pegas Fly | Seasonal charter: Khabarovsk, Ulan-Ude, Yuzhno–Sakhalinsk
| Philippine Airlines | Cebu, Manila
| Qantas | Sydney
| Qatar Airways | Doha
| Regent Airways | Chittagong, Dhaka
| Rossiya Airlines | Moscow-Shermetyevo[92]
Seasonal charter: Moscow-Vnukovo
| Royal Brunei Airlines | Bandar Seri Begawan
| Royal Flight | Seasonal charter: Barnaul, Kazan, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Vladivostok
| Royal Jordanian | Amman–Queen Alia, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur–International
| S7 Airlines | Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok
Seasonal: Krasnoyarsk-Yemelyanovo
| Scoot | Singapore
| Shandong Airlines | Jinan, Kunming, Qingdao, Urumqi, Xiamen
| Shenzhen Airlines | Fuzhou, Jieyang, Nanjing, Quanzhou, Shenzhen, Wuxi, Xi'an, Yuncheng
Seasonal: Guangzhou
| Sichuan Airlines | Chengdu, Haikou, Hangzhou, Nanning, Sanya, Wuyishan[93]
| Singapore Airlines | Singapore
| SpiceJet | Amritsar,[94] Ahmedabad, Delhi, Hyderabad,[95] Kolkata
| Spring Airlines | Beihai, Changchun, Changzhou, Chengdu, Dalian, Fuzhou, Harbin, Hangzhou, Hohhot, Jinan, Lanzhou, Luoyang, Nanchang, Ningbo, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenyang, Shijiazhuang, Xuzhou (begins 4 April 2019),[96] Yangzhou, Yinchuan
| SriLankan Airlines | Colombo
| Swiss International Air Lines | Zürich
| Thai Airways | Auckland, Bengaluru, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Brussels, Busan, Chengdu, Chennai, Chiang Mai, Colombo, Copenhagen, Delhi, Dhaka, Denpasar/Bali, Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Islamabad, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Karachi, Kathmandu, Kolkata, Krabi, Kunming, Kuala Lumpur–International, Lahore, London–Heathrow, Manila, Melbourne, Milan–Malpensa, Moscow–Domodedovo, Mumbai, Munich, Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Oslo–Gardermoen, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Perth, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Rome–Fiumicino, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Vienna, Vientiane, Xiamen, Yangon, Zürich,
Hajj: Jeddah, Medina
Seasonal charter: Sendai
| Thai Smile | Changsha, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Chongqing, Hat Yai, Hong Kong,[97] Jaipur, Kaohsiung, Khon Kaen, Kolkata,[98] Krabi, Kuala Lumpur–International, Luang Prabang, Lucknow, Mumbai, Narathiwat, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Siem Reap, Surat Thani, Ubon Ratchathani, Udon Thani, Vientiane, Yangon, Zhengzhou
Seasonal: Gaya, Linyi, Varanasi
| Thai Vietjet Air | Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Da Lat, Da Nang,[99] Hai Phong, Phuket, Taichung[100]
Seasonal: Gaya, Krabi
Charter: Can Tho, Hualien, Hue, Thanh Hoa
| Turkish Airlines |Istanbul–Atatürk (ends 4 April 2019), Istanbul (begins 5 April 2019)[101]
| Turkmenistan Airlines | Ashgabat
| T'way Air | Daegu, Seoul–Incheon
| Ukraine International Airlines | Kiev–Boryspil
| Ural Airlines | Beijing–Capital, Changchun, Harbin, Irkutsk,[114] Khabarovsk, Ordos[102]
Seasonal: Vladivostok
| US-Bangla Airlines | Dhaka
| Uzbekistan Airways | Tashkent
| VietJet Air | Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Haiphong
| Vietnam Airlines | Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Charter: Gaya
| XiamenAir | Dalian, Fuzhou, Hangzhou,[103] Quanzhou, Xiamen

}}

Cargo

{{Airport destination list
| ANA Cargo | Osaka–Kansai, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
| Asiana Cargo | Seoul–Incheon
| Cardig Air | Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Singapore
| Cargolux | Baku, Luxembourg, Shanghai–Pudong, Xiamen
| Cathay Pacific Cargo | Hong Kong, Penang, Singapore
| China Airlines Cargo | Abu Dhabi, Chengdu, Luxembourg, Taipei–Taoyuan
| China Cargo Airlines | Shanghai–Pudong
| DHL Aviation | Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle,[104] Penang
| EVA Air Cargo[105] | Hanoi,[106] Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Penang, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan
| FedEx Express | Guangzhou, Penang
| K-Mile Air | Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Phnom Penh, Singapore
| Korean Air Cargo | Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Chennai
| Lufthansa Cargo | Frankfurt, Mumbai, Sharjah
| MASKargo | Kuala Lumpur–International, Hong Kong[107]
| Nippon Cargo Airlines | Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
| Singapore Airlines Cargo | Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore
| Turkish Airlines Cargo[108] | Almaty, Delhi, Istanbul–Atatürk, Tashkent, Lahore, Islamabad
| UPS Airlines | Cologne/Bonn, Mumbai
| Yangtze River Express | Shanghai–Pudong
}}

Traffic and statistics

Busiest international routes

Top 30 Busiest international routes to and from Suvarnabhumi Airport (2017)}}[109]
Rank Airport Passengers
handled 2017 		% Change
2016/17
1Hong Kong}} Hong Kong3,971,531{{increase}} 0.7
2Singapore}} Singapore3,128,667{{increase}} 6.8
3South Korea}} Seoul–Incheon2,629,925{{increase}} 14.9
4UAE}} Dubai–International2,025,049{{increase}} 17.0
5Taiwan}} Taipei–Taoyuan1,613,265{{increase}} 25.3
6China}} Shanghai–Pudong1,417,765{{increase}} 7.3
7China}} Guangzhou1,237,258{{increase}} 14.6
8Japan}} Tokyo–Narita1,136,068{{decrease}} 0.8
9Malaysia}} Kuala Lumpur-International1,106,757{{increase}} 19.3
10Japan}} Tokyo–Haneda1,094,946{{increase}} 3.7
11China}} Beijing–Capital1,087,251{{increase}} 11.2
12Vietnam}} Ho Chi Minh City1,079,112{{increase}} 6.8
13Qatar}} Doha1,015,238{{decrease}} 3.1
14India}} Delhi976,066{{increase}} 13.4
15Philippines}} Manila934,133{{increase}} 18.6
16India}} Mumbai860,350{{increase}} 12.6
17Vietnam}} Hanoi832,943{{decrease}} 3.5
18UK}} London–Heathrow813,824{{increase}} 8.8
19Myanmar}} Yangon794,713{{decrease}} 2.5
20UAE}} Abu Dhabi748,593{{decrease}} 7.4
21Cambodia}} Phnom Penh713,132{{increase}} 9.2
22Australia}} Sydney653,574{{increase}} 6.7
23Germany}} Frankfurt646,203{{increase}} 1.2
24Japan}} Osaka–Kansai599,067{{increase}} 8.9
25South Korea}} Busan572,837{{increase}} 6.4
26India}} Kolkata548,883{{increase}} 2.0
27France}} Paris–Charles de Gaulle514,516{{increase}} 3.4
28Australia}} Melbourne487,980{{increase}} 6.5
29China}} Shenzhen447,704{{increase}} 5.4
30Indonesia}} Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta436,373{{increase}} 5.6
Top 10 Busiest international routes to and from Suvarnabhumi Airport by Cargo (2017)}}[109]
Rank Airport Tons of cargo
handled 2017 		% Change
2016/17
1Hong Kong}} Hong Kong180,238{{increase}} 8.2
2Singapore}} Singapore87,636{{increase}} 12.2
3Taiwan}} Taipei–Taoyuan79,495{{increase}} 8.7
4Japan}} Tokyo–Narita74,979{{increase}} 1.7
5South Korea}} Seoul–Incheon56,349{{increase}} 3.0
6China}} Shanghai–Pudong54,967{{increase}} 12.7
7Japan}} Tokyo–Haneda40,616{{increase}} 25.9
8Qatar}} Doha33,872{{increase}} 29.4
9UAE}} Dubai–International32,840{{decrease}} 5.6
10Japan}} Osaka-Kansai26,780{{increase}} 8.9

Traffic by calendar year

Suvarnabhumi accounted for the largest share of air traffic at Thailand's airports in 2015, handling 52.9 million passengers, up by nearly 14 percent from the previous year despite its passenger capacity of only 45 million a year. International passengers passing through Suvarnabhumi grew 15.9 percent to 44.2 million, while domestic volume edged up 4.87 percent to 8.68 million. Aircraft movements showed a 9.5 percent increase to 317,066, consisting of 247,584 international (up 11 percent) and 69,482 domestic (up 4.4 percent).[110]

PassengersChange from previous yearMovementsCargo
(tons)		Notes
2008 38,603,490 – – 1,173,084
200940,500,224 {{increase}}{{0}}4.9% – 1,045,194
201042,784,967 {{increase}}{{0}}5.6% – 1,310,146
201147,910,744 {{increase}}{{0}}12.0% 299,566 –
201253,002,328 {{increase}}{{0}}10.6% 312,493 – Source: Airports Council International[111]
In 2012, the government enjoined all low-cost airlines to move their hubs to DMK in October.
201351,363,451 {{decrease}}{{0}}11.9% 288,004 1,236,223
201446,423,352 {{decrease}}{{0}}9.6% 289,568 1,234,176
201552,902,110 {{increase}}{{0}}14.0% 317,066 1,230,563
201655,892,428 {{increase}}{{0}}5.7% 336,345 1,351,878
201760,860,704 {{increase}}{{0}}8.9% 350,508 1,439,913
201863,378,923 {{increase}}{{0}}4.1% 369,474 1,494,599
Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport Passenger Totals (millions)

ImageSize = width:auto height:250 barincrement:29

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 id:gray    value:gray(0.5)  id:line1    value:gray(0.9)  id:line2    value:gray(0.7)

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PlotData=

 color:blue width:20 bar:2008 from:start till:38.603 bar:2009 from:start till:40.500 bar:2010 from:start till:42.784 bar:2011 from:start till:47.910 bar:2012 from:start till:53.002 bar:2013 from:start till:51.363 bar:2014 from:start till:46.423 bar:2015 from:start till:52.902 bar:2016 from:start till:55.892

Ground transportation

Airport Rail Link

{{main|Airport Rail Link (Bangkok)}}

The 30 billion baht Suvarnabhumi Airport Link was opened on 23 August 2010,[112] after multiple delays. The Airport Rail Link (ARL) is operated by SRTET, a subsidiary company of the State Railway of Thailand. The standard gauge line is {{convert|28.6|km}} long and is elevated for most of its length, running mostly above existing regional railway lines and parallel to Motorway 7 and Si Rat Expressway. There is a short at-grade/underground segment as the line approaches the passenger terminal building of Suvarnabhumi Airport.

The ARL hours of service are 06:00 to 24:00.[113] The ARL has two interchange stations, namely Phaya Thai (changing for BTS Green Line services) and Makkasan (linking Phetchaburi station of the MRT Blue Line). In the future, the ARL will complement the SRT Red Line commuter service, which comprises two-meter gauge, dual-track lines. The ARL may also be extended from Phaya Thai to Don Mueang via Bang Sue, given that the old Don Mueang International Airport has now been reopened for civil aviation under a dual-airport policy.

Regional train

Meanwhile, SRT provides a suburban commuter train service between Lad Krabang (the nearest station to Suvarnabhumi on the East line, one station from the airport by Airport Rail Link) and the northern suburban city of Rangsit via downtown Bangkok and the old Don Mueang Airport. The train also connects with BTS and MRT at Phaya Thai and Phetchaburi stations respectively. A shuttle bus service linking the airport with Hua Takhe railway station is provided by BMTA. The train service is currently not as popular as the bus service because it requires a shuttle bus connection. The service will be stopped when the Airport Express Link is completed. {{citation needed|date=January 2015}}

Bus

A free bus service connecting Suvarnabhumi Airport and Don Mueang Airport operates from 05.00 until midnight. Three air-conditioned city bus routes are operated by Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (BMTA) serve the airport's dedicated bus terminal. There are also direct buses between the airports operated by Airport Shuttle Bus.

Car

The airport has five main access routes. Among these the most convenient route is via the Bangkok Chon Buri Motorway (Motorway 7). Another main airport entrance is in Samut Prakan Province via the expressway from Bang Na to Bang Pakong.

The airport has provided five entrance routes. The main route is via the motorway in the north of Bangkok, directly connecting Bangkok's downtown and Chonburi Province, the industrial and harbor city in eastern Thailand. However, another main airport entrance is in Samut Prakan Province, connecting an elevated highway in the south of Bangkok from Bang Na to Bang Pakong.

Sky Lane

In December 2015, Airports of Thailand introduced Sky Lane ({{lang-th|สกายเลน}}), a cycling track around the Suvarnabhumi airport perimeter. The entrance to Sky Lane is located in the northeastern corner of the airport area. Cyclists can bring their bicycles and bike here for free. The Sky Lane is a controlled-access, one-direction, two-lane track built only for cycling, so the riders can be ensured that they won't be bothered by any vehicle. The Sky Lane's length is 23.5 km, making it the longest in Asia.[114] Sky Lane’s facilities, which are specially designed for cyclists, include medical, shops, food & beverage, track, parking lot and a rest area. The entrance gate is open from 06:00 to 18:00.[115]

{{clear}}

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72. ^https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282949/emirates-yangon-phnom-penh-service-changes-from-june-2019/
73. ^[https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282416/emirates-s19-service-changes-as-of-12jan19/ Emirates S19 service changes as of 12JAN19] Routesonline. 12 January 2019.
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76. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/281616/gx-airlines-adds-nanning-bangkok-from-late-dec-2018/|title=GX Airlines adds Nanning – Bangkok from late-Dec 2018|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=21 November 2018}}
77. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280792/hebei-airlines-adds-guiyang-bangkok-from-late-oct-2018/|title=Hebei Airlines adds Guiyang – Bangkok from late-Oct 2018|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=2 October 2018}}
78. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/283340/hebei-airlines-adds-lianyungang-bangkok-service-in-s19/|title=Hebei Airlines adds Lianyungang – Bangkok service in S19|publisher=routesonline|accessdate=12 March 2019}}
79. ^[https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282335/hk-express-resumes-bangkok-service-from-late-march-2019/ HK Express resumes Bangkok service from late-March 2019] Routesonline. 8 January 2019.
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82. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/276108/jeju-air-plans-cheongju-bangkok-service-in-w17/|title=Jeju Air plans Cheongju – Bangkok service in W17|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=8 December 2017}}
83. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/277930/jeju-air-schedules-international-service-from-muan-in-2q18/ |title=Jeju Air schedules international service from Muan in 2Q18 |website=Routesonline.com |date= |accessdate=2018-10-05}}
84. ^https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/283527/jet-airways-may-2019-regionalinternational-service-update-as-of-23mar19/
85. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280761/kunming-airlines-adds-kunming-bangkok-route-form-late-oct-2018/|title=Kunming Airlines adds Kunming – Bangkok route form late-Oct 2018|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=1 October 2018}}
86. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/279986/lucky-air-plans-zhengzhou-bangkok-route-from-oct-2018/|title=Lucky Air plans Zhengzhou – Bangkok route from Oct 2018|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=9 August 2018}}
87. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280878/lufthansa-s19-long-haul-changes-as-of-05oct18/|title=Lufthansa S19 long-haul changes as of 05OCT18|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=8 October 2018}}
88. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/274953/maldivian-adds-hangzhou-service-in-sepoct-2017/|title=Maldivian adds Hangzhou service in Sep/Oct 2017|first=UBM (UK)|last=Ltd. 2019|website=Routesonline|accessdate=23 January 2019}}
89. ^{{cite web |last1=Liu |first1=Jim |title=Okay Airways adds Nanning – Bangkok service in S19 |url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/283328/okay-airways-adds-nanning-bangkok-service-in-s19/ |website=Routesonline |accessdate=12 March 2019}}
90. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/222994|title=PIA launches new routes to Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur|website=Geo.tv|accessdate=23 January 2019}}
91. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofpia.com/board/november_18/pk-nov28c.jpg|title=PIA LHE-BKK shedule|website=Historyofpia.com|accessdate=23 January 2019}}
92. ^{{cite web |title=Новости компании - Аэрофлот передает дочерней авиакомпании "Россия" часть рейсов в Бангкок и Коломбо {{!}} Аэрофлот |url=https://www.aeroflot.ru/ru-ru/news/61137 |website=Aeroflot.ru |language=ru}}
93. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/281289/sichuan-airlines-plans-wuyishan-bangkok-service-from-nov-2018/|title=Sichuan Airlines plans Wuyishan – Bangkok service from Nov 2018|first=UBM (UK)|last=Ltd. 2019|website=Routesonline|accessdate=23 January 2019}}
94. ^[https://www.tribuneindia.com/mobi/news/amritsar/more-flights-for-bangkok-goa/647336.html] {{dead link|date=January 2019}}
95. ^{{cite web|last=Thomas |first=Trisha |url=https://ultra.news/maria-thomas/41300/spicejet-launches-daily-flights-to-bangkok-from-hyderabad |title=SpiceJet launches daily flights to Bangkok from Hyderabad |website=Ultra.news |date=2018-08-22 |accessdate=2018-10-05}}
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97. ^[https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280519/thai-smile-adds-hong-kong-service-from-late-oct-2018/ Thai Smile adds Hong Kong service from late-Oct 2018] Routesonline. 13 September 2018.
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99. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280663/thai-vietjet-air-adds-bangkok-da-nang-service-from-oct-2018/|title=Thai VietJet Air adds Bangkok – Da Nang service from Oct 2018|website=Routesonline.com|accessdate=25 September 2018}}
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105. ^EVA Air Cargo Schedule{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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108. ^Turkish Airlines Cargo Winter Schedule {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604104217/http://wwwdownload.thy.com/kargo/pdf/winter2012_2013.pdf |date=4 June 2013 }}
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111. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.airports.org/cda/aci_common/display/main/aci_content07_c.jsp?zn=aci&cp=1-5-54-55_666_2__ |title=Passenger Traffic 2010 FINAL |accessdate=29 April 2012 |date=1 August 2012 |publisher=Airports Council International |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429194226/http://www.airports.org/cda/aci_common/display/main/aci_content07_c.jsp?zn=aci&cp=1-5-54-55_666_2__ |archivedate=29 April 2012 |df=dmy }}
112. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mcot.net/cfcustom/cache_page/81084.html |title=Airport Link to start commercial operation Aug 23 |website=Mcot.net |accessdate=10 February 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304050808/https://www.mcot.net/cfcustom/cache_page/81084.html |archivedate=4 March 2012 |df=dmy }}
113. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.suvarnabhumiairport.com/en/121-airport-rail-link |title=Airport Rail Link |website=Suvarnabhumiairport.com |date=2016-01-15 |accessdate=2017-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627114201/http://suvarnabhumiairport.com/en/121-airport-rail-link |archive-date=27 June 2015 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
114. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/648252/thailand-to-get-longest-bicycle-lane-in-asia-by-2017-with-photos |title=Thailand to get Longest bicycle lane in Asia by 2017 |newspaper=Bangkok Post |accessdate=16 April 2016}}
115. ^{{cite web |url=http://skylanethailand.com/en/home |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713002136/http://skylanethailand.com/en/home |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2016-07-13 |title=Official Website |publisher=Sky Lane Thailand |date= |accessdate=2018-01-31 }}

External links

{{commonscat-inline|Suvarnabhumi International Airport}}
{{Wikivoyage-inline|Suvarnabhumi Airport}}
  • Suvarnabhumi Airport, Official site
  • Free Zone by Suvarnabhumi Airport Website{{Dead link|date=February 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235640/http://www2.airportthai.co.th/airportnew/sun/index.asp?lang=en%2F page of the Suvarnabhumi Airport]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813131326/http://www.airport-technology.com/projects/bangkok/ Suvarnabhumi Airport] Project information from Airport Technology
  • {{NWS-current|VTBS}}
{{Portalbar|Asia|Thailand|Bangkok|Aviation|Airports}}{{Airports in Thailand}}{{Authority control}}

6 : Buildings and structures in Samut Prakan Province|Airports in Thailand|Transport in Bangkok|Tourism in Bangkok|Airports established in 2006|2006 establishments in Thailand
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