| 词条 | Qnet |
| 释义 |
|name = QNet |type = Wholly owned subsidiary |logo = Qnet.jpg |foundation = {{start date and age|1998}} |founder = Vijay Eswaran |location_city = Hong Kong |key_people = Vijay Eswaran, Chairman JR Mayer, Managing Director Haldun Arin, CEO |industry = Multi-level marketing |products = Consumer Goods, Watches, Health Devices |services = Travel, life style, Education |num_employees = 1,500[1] |num_employees_year = 2017 |parent = Qi Group |homepage = {{URL|www.qnet.net}} }}QNet Ltd, formerly known as QuestNet, GoldQuest, and QI Limited, is a Hong Kong-based multi-level marketing (MLM) company owned by the QI Group. The company markets a variety of products including energy, weight management, nutrition, personal care, home care, and fashion accessories on an e-commerce platform.[2] It operates legally in some countries, but has also been charged with Ponzi scheme and multi level marketing in countries such as India.[3][4][5] The Govt. of India and the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India has banned the official website of the QNet in India after the huge protest and scam spread in the city of Bangalore.[6][7][8] BackgroundQNet was founded in 1998 in Hong Kong by Malaysian businessman Vijay Eswaran.[9] Though born and brought up in Malaysia, Eswaran underwent his higher education in the United Kingdom where he learnt how multi level marketing schemes work. He subsequently worked in the Philippines in a multi level marketing company prior to setting up his own MLM company which he called QNet.[10] It subsequently kept changing its name and sprung up at least 76 companies (as per the Bombay High court order of May 2016), often under the pretext of selling lesser known products manufactured by smaller companies, but always using a multi level marketing and direct selling model.[11] Common people (called IR in QNet parlance) were taught to sell these products (often through workshops), upon which they would receive commissions for each new seller / buyer brought into the fold. Since it was first introduced in 1998, Qnet (doing business at the time as Questnet) promoted gold and silver coins with an MLM system. But the coin collection business was touted as a money game and declared illegal in some countries. Though registered in Hong Kong, the company has never actually carried out operations in Hong Kong or China, and its majority customer base remains in India and a few African countries. A few years later Questnet came up with a new name, Qnet and offered various other products via the MLM system.[12] It promotes its products on its website using claims "that would not pass official muster in much of the world."[13] Despite claiming to be an e-commerce based business, an ordinary retail customer can make a purchase of a product from the website only if they have a referrer ID of an independent representative of QNet.[13] Qnet used websites/servers viz., www.qnetindia.in, www.qnetindia.net, www.qnet.net, www.questnet.net, to conduct its business which were blocked by Indian Computer emergency response team (CERT) following a court order. Other websites like portal.qnetindia.net, are being investigated by the government and further action on the websites have been promised after details are gathered.[14][15][16] Despite complaints, the company continues operate in a number of countries including India, and sells its products using a multi-level marketing model, whereby independent representatives refer the products to consumers and receive compensation based on the sales volume of their referrals and the sales volume of other independent representatives in their teams who are arranged in a binary fashion.[13][17] As per its website, the company has operations in more than 30 countries and has offices in Indonesia, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Philippines, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Taiwan, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Côte d'Ivoire and Rwanda with franchise companies in India. Singapore and Turkey.[18][19] It was sued by Egypt,[22] Rwanda,[23][20] and Sri Lanka[21][22]{{Unreliable source?|date=December 2011}}[23] for allegedly operating a product-based pyramid scheme. The company and its franchise Vihaan are also being investigated in India.[24] The Bombay High Court denied the anticipatory bail plea of all the directors of Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt Ltd., a franchise of QNet, which included world amateur billiards champion Michael Ferreira after it was earlier rejected by Sessions Court. They were facing charges of cheating and forgery[25] The court observed that "the deceit and fraud is camouflaged under the name of e-marketing and business".[26] The Delhi High Court also called it a multi-victim scam and refused to quash FIR against the directors of Indian franchise of Qnet, Vihaan Direct Selling Private Limited.[27] The Serious Fraud Investigation Office, in its report on GoldQuest and QuestNet India has called multi-level marketing (MLM) schemes run by overseas operators as "a potential threat to national security". The Government of India ordered the Serious Fraud Investigation Office to file prosecution against GoldQuest International and QuestNet Enterprise under the Companies Act and Indian Penal Code.[28][29] A brief executive summary of the SFIO report is now available in the public domain.[30] The company has denied the allegations.[13] QNet's operations tend to be franchised out to local companies, thus allowing the head office to earn while relieving it of liability and responsibility from local and national cases of fraud.[31] HistoryQNet, the main subsidiary of the QI Group of Companies, was founded by Vijay Eswaran and Joseph Bismark in Hong Kong in 1998. The company, first known as GoldQuest and QuestNet, made custom-commissioned commemorative coins and later began selling jewelry and watches.[32][33][34] In 2000, QNet was the official distributor of the Sydney Olympic Games commemorative coins and was also a distributor at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games and 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.[35][36] In 1999, QNet expanded its operations to Malaysia and Singapore and began a partnership with B.H. Mayer's Mint, a German-based mint coin facility.[35] The company expanded its operations to Dubai, India, Indonesia and Thailand during 2001. QNet started to diversify its products in 2002 into travel and vacations by partnering with QVI Club brand holidays.[37] During this time, the company also announced that it was the official coin distributor for the 2002 FIFA World Cup and an expansion into Europe, Australia and Sri Lanka.[35][36] QNet became a licensed distributor for FIFA in 89 countries with its commemorative coin program in July 2004.[38] In 2005, QNet acquired QI Comm, a British telecommunications company.[32] The company announced that it had more than 1 million independent distributors during the introduction of the aspIRe Magazine.[35] In 2006, QNet began marketing energy, health and nutritional products.[33] That same year, QNet acquired Prana Resorts and Spa, a vegetarian holiday resort in Koh Samui.[37][39] QNet also acquired the Swiss watchmaker, Cimier.[40] In 2007, the QI Group acquired Down To Earth (DTE), a vegetarian organic health store chain in Hawaii.[41][42] The company announced an initial sponsorship of Team Meritus, a Malaysian motor racing team, and became a sponsor for the Commonwealth Heads Of Government Meeting Business Forum in 2007.[43] From 2007 and 2012, QNet's direct sales increased by 70%.[32] From 2009 to 2012, QNet was an official sponsor of the Asian Football Confederation during the AFC Champions League.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} In 2010, the company started a partnership with Virgin Racing.[44] Qnet received the TRUSTe Privacy Certification in late 2012.[45] In 2013, Qnet announced its intention to shift its manufacturing operations to India and to open an office in Russia.[46][47] The company's QI Tower in Malaysia received the 2013 Building and Construction Authority (BCA) Green Mark Gold Award.[48] In 2014, Qnet started a three-year partnership with Manchester City football club to become the club's official direct selling partner.[49][50] Business modelThe company employs a multi-level marketing model whereby a group of independent representatives refer its products to consumers and receive compensation based on the sales volume of their referrals and the sales volume of other independent representatives in their teams who are arranged in a binary fashion.[51] Questnet uses multi-level marketing to sell its products and services. Customers can choose to become "independent representatives" (IRs) of the company paying $10 for a starter kit and an online office. IRs receive $250 commission after they introduce the products to six people, placing three people on their left and three people on their right, described as two 'legs'. In a complex addition, when an IR introduces a new customer, who then becomes an IR themselves and promotes products, the original IR can benefit from the success of their recruit. But these bonus points can only build up one leg of the original IR, who must then find recruits for the other leg in order to receive commissions.[52] Many governmental entities have described QNet's business model as a simple pyramid scheme: early entrants earn money, and as the number of Independent Representatives (IRs) increases, finding more IRs to join becomes difficult or impossible; IRs that join late do not earn enough to cover their first outlay and the model collapses.[53][54] The Government of India have declared both Goldquest and Questnet as Ponzi scheme companies.[55][56][57][58] The compensation plan operates by the recruitment of customers by existing IRs. As per official spokesperson, even though there are no sign-up fees, a purchase might be required. This may be in the form of the sale of a qualifying product to a retail customer or by the new representative making a qualifying purchase to validate a Tracking Centre or a slot in the computer system of Qnet.[59] ProductsThe company markets a large variety of unbranded products including air purifiers, cosmetics, soaps and detergents and commemorative coins. To do this, and to address charges against it, the company has often changed its name and sprouted a myriad of companies such as "Vihaan" under its umbrella. Initially the company sold gold commemorative coins under the names GoldQuest and QuestNet.[60] Qnet expanded its products to include travel and leisure vacations in 2002.[37] By 2006, Qnet had transitioned to marketing and selling "aspirational products", which claim to boost energy, health and nutrition for buyers.[33] According to Eswaran, these types of products account for 30% of Qnet's sales through its business model.[32] The company has also introduced "life-enhancing products" such as a portable water filtration system and an air purifier, which Qnet claims can fix pollution issues in homes.[61][62] It also sells products under a "wellness" brand that are based on faith such as the Amezcua Bio Disc (also spelled BioDisc and BioDisk). According to Quest Net's no guarantee advertisement, the disc creates a 'water-impacting' energy field that 'helps to reduce stress, improve sleep'. It is said to be a product of Germany, invented by 'Dr Ian Lyons' but his antecedents and research publication is not known. Schott AG is the only industrial glass manufacturer that certifies production of Biodisc but does not confirm Qnet's advertising effects as 'creating an impact energy field'.[63] The Amezcua Bio Disc has been evaluated by research facilities in Germany, India and Japan.[64] The product has received scrutiny from various scientists, media commentators and watchdogs.[65][66] The company partnered with former professional tennis player Martina Hingis in September 2015 and announced her as its Brand Ambassador of Qnet products and representative of the brand in India.[67][68] ControversiesQNet has been the centre of various controversies for the past nearly two decades.[69] GoldQuest hawked a gold coin at 100 percent premium over what it should cost. The President of the Madras Coin Society warned that the Goldquest coin was neither a period coin nor it was from an authorized body.[70] Australian Politician Cameron Thompson, the Nepalese Home Ministry, the Sri Lankan Central Bank, and the Iranian Government have described GoldQuest as a pyramid scheme. In 2002, the Australian Office of Consumer and Business Affairs listed the company as one of 61 alleged pyramid schemes.[71][72] The Fatwa council at Dar al-Ifta al-Misriyyah declared that the binary form of transaction adopted by Qnet is prohibited under Sharia law.[73] 2003 (India, Philippines, Cambodia and Nepal)In 2003, Indian police arrested two of QI group senior managers in Chennai and froze the bank account after receiving complaints from more than 50 of its members. In Philippines, the Department of Trade and Industry issued a cease and desist order for engaging in retailing despite being a wholly foreign owned company. They also received a complaint from a member. In Cambodia Goldquest organized the launch of Ankor Wat commemorative coins amongst 500 young Khmers who had paid $5 to attend and pick up a starter kit to help them sell the expensive collectibles. The Managing Director of Questnet, Richard Zinkiewicz, insisted that Questnet was not a pyramid scheme, because customers were never obligated to sell products and the product had real value. He said that the value of the coins lay not just in the raw material but because they are limited edition collectibles which may appreciate in value or even double in six years. Vijay Eswaran the founder of QI group told the audience that the opportunities offered by QI could change their lives.[52][74] Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan while studying the scheme, found that GoldQuest was a Pyramid Scheme It said that such schemes do not generate any productivity but gains are made by someone from the wealth lost by another. The scheme depends on bringing an exponentially growing number of new members and is likely to collapse after a certain stage, resulting in heavy losses to vast majority of its members.[75][76] The Nepalese Home Ministry banned the company from operating in Nepal in 2003, and Bahadur Manandhar, chief of the foreign exchange department of the Nepal Rastra Bank, said GoldQuest was "a hundred percent fraud."[77] The Sri Lankan government banned GoldQuest in 2005, claiming that the company had caused 15 million dollars to leave the country.[21][23][78][79] In 2005, the Iranian government also banned GoldQuest, after prosecutors found that company activities had "led to the exit half of a billion dollars from Iran."[80] 2007 (Indonesia)In 2007, APLI, the direct selling Association of Indonesia, called GoldQuest a pyramid scheme,[81] and Interpol arrested Vijay Eswaran and other company officials for fraud.[82] QNet responded that the allegation is unfounded.[83] After three weeks, Indonesian courts released Vijay Eswaran and dismissed the charge soon afterward.[32] QNet continues to operate in Indonesia.[84] 2008 (Afghanistan)In 2008, around 3,000 people marched on the presidential palace in Kabul to demonstrate against the government's temporary withdrawal of QuestNet's license to operate in Afghanistan. The business started in Afghanistan with around 600 IRs in 2006 and had expanded to 21,000 when the government temporarily withdrew the license to enable it to write operating laws.[85] 2009 (Rwanda, Sudan)The Rwandan Government's Ministry of Finance banned QuestNet in 2009 for violations of company and tax laws after The National Bank of Rwanda described the company as a pyramid scheme.[86][87] Questnet appealed and was granted relief on condition that it follow the country's laws in the future.[19][88][89] Also in 2009, the Sudanese government banned QuestNet after allegations were made relating to poor product quality and the non-receipt of products.[90][91] The same year, the Syrian Ministry of Economics shut down QuestNet for violating its commercial registration, stating that the company had operated a pyramid scheme in Syria and withdrawn billions of Syrian pounds from the country, while also paying few taxes.[92] The shutdown also applies to other agencies of the company.[93] 2010 (Turkey)In 2010 Questnet opened in Turkey with 150 distributors; 80 of which police detained in an investigation that charged 42 with gaining an unfair advantage.[94] In 2011, the Turkish Trade Ministry investigated QNet following complaints that it was a rebrand of Questnet.[95] The Industry minister stated that Questnet had changed the company name to Qnet and warned citizens against such structures. Quest Net was described as a non moral pyramid scheme in which 96 percent of the members suffered losses and only 4 percent made profits. About 20 million dollars were collected from the public.[96] 75 people were taken into custody who were working in Qnet offices opened by Hong Kong-based Quest company. The teams of Directorate of Fighting against Financial Crimes acted on increasing fraud reports. The people arrested were reaching unemployed young people and promised that they will not to talk to anyone except network members. Those who accept to be a member pay $570-$1750 depending on their financial situation. There is an additional fee for each new member earned from the network starting at 250 USD. Moreover, it is told that the redeemed member will get a share from new members and the sales to be made. They are asked to sell Chinese goods such as watches, necklaces etc. which are brought from Hong Kong for the fees paid for the new members.[97] In 2011, QI Group resumed operations in Turkey with the acquisition of the Dögan Hotel in Antalya.[98][99] Eleven people of were arrested and taken into custody for questioning by General Directorate of Security (Turkey) in Istanbul who were members of the 'happiness chain' of Qnet company.[100] The Mardin Security Directorate arrested 12 people including a leader from Iran working for a criminal network known as the Titan Happiness chain that promises to make people wealthy with a system they established over the internet. About 110 thousand pounds of cash were reported to be seized. They have continued their activities by changing their name from Questnet to the name Qnet after being suspended by the Ministry of Industry. Police found that the suspects lied to the people as if they were rich in a short time, in a structured pyramid scheme[101] 53 people working for Questnet were detained in Ankara, Çorum, Antalya and Istanbul, during operations conducted by Ankara Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Branch. An investigation was initiated against Malaysian Vijay Eswaran who founded the company in 1998.30 thousand members of the Ponzi Scheme were cheated and a fraud of 50 million dollars was realized when the Turkey leg of the network collapsed. A report prepared by experts appointed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade reported that happiness chains were created by fraud formations. Every member were promised to earn a lot of money as long as they find new members. Members were convinced that if they earn members in the system in the number of rings determined under them, they will start receiving money on a monthly basis. The bottom ring, in general, cannot find a new member, the money he deposits is burnt. It was reported that the National wealth was actually taken out by collecting and transferring it to centers in Hong Kong and Far Eastern countries. Members had to pay between $600 to $900 to be included in the system. Gang members involved in this Ponzi Scheme gave $5 products such as 'healing stones' and watches for thousands of pounds it received from members, and tried to show that they are selling legally. Numerous blank membership forms, invitations, invoices, bank account books were seized during the raid. The gang members were to be referred to court. The system was banned by official authorities in the United States, Singapore, Albania, Iran, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia and Afghanistan.[102][103] 2010–2012 (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, India and Iran)The governments of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia and India have accused QNet of operating a product-based pyramid scheme.[104][105][106][107] Dar al-Ifta issued QNet a Fatwā in 2012 stating its business in Egypt is haram (forbidden under Islamic law) and could harm the country's economy.[108][109] In 2010 the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Commerce and Industry banned Qnet, accusing the company of theft, falsification, and failure to register, and warned citizens to avoid involvement in fraudulent schemes, mentioning QNet specifically.[110][111] The founder of Qnet in Papua New Guinea, son of former politician, denied claims that it is a product based pyramid scheme. He said that he had no ulterior motive than to help people set up their own companies and make money.[112] In 2010, the Iranian Intelligence Ministry announced the arrest 30 Goldquest members on charges of defrauding people of more than 5 trillion rials. Goldquest, believed to be involved in one of the largest economic corruption cases in Iran's history, was banned in the country in 2005.[113] Thirteen members of the pyramid company Qnet in Tehran were arrested, and cases for further investigation were provided to judicial authorities.[114] GoldQuest disputed Iran's findings, claiming that their Iranian operations were not a pyramid scheme, but network marketing.[115] Sri LankaSri Lanka shut down Goldquest and QI pyramiding scheme,with a new anti-pyramiding law. Though Goldquest pyramid scheme appears to have collapsed in Lanka, the Central Bank says that a new 'pyramid style' network marketing company by the name Global Lifestyle Lanka Ltd, are operating countrywide and misleading public authorities. Financial Crimes Investigation Division is investigating the company following President's charge that it was carrying out a pyramid like scheme banned by the Central Bank. Police have received complaints, some of which are heard in courts. The Managing Director Selvarajan Wijayaratnam, brother of Vijay Eswaran's wife, several board members have been summoned to record statements. A former official in the defence ministry is being probed for allegedly receiving money to prevent the arrest of the mastermind. Police have received information of this scam taking place under the major pyramid scheme under Vijay Eswaran.[116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123] In Jaffna thousands of people protested for refunds against the pyramid company Global Lifestyle Lanka which was previously banned by the Government.[124] A magistrate court in Jaffna issued an interim injunction on Global Lifestyle Lanka Ltd. for carrying a pyramid type business in the region. The magistrate also ordered to publish a public awareness campaign in the local newspaper and instructed Gram Sevakas to conduct awareness meetings about the dubious investment scheme.[125]2013 (Egypt, Indonesia, India, Kazakhstan)In May 2013, Salma Sabahi, daughter of politician and Egyptian Presidential candidate Hamdeen Sabahi turned herself to authorities after being accused of fraud for her involvement with a network marketing scam Global Ad Mart. During the past two years she was doubling the size of her pyramid network, selling overpriced counterfeit watches and energy bracelets on behalf of a shady Hong Kong based company Qnet which was operating in Egypt despite being banned in eight countries.[126][127][128] In August 2013, the Economic Offenses Wing (EOW) of the Central Bureau of Investigation of India made the first arrest in a case which began in India in 2008.[129] Members of the company were arrested for cheating and were remanded into police custody until August 22. EOW sent teams to Bangalore and Chennai to investigate fraud linked to Vijay Eswaran, considered the prime accused in the QNet case. Six of Qnet's bank accounts were frozen as part of the case.[130][131] A case of money laundering was registered against QNet, its franchise Vihaan Direct Selling, and a few others by the Enforcement Directorate.[132] About 200 members of multi-level marketing company PT Qnet Indonesia reported alleged fraud by the company to Police Banyuwangi. Loss calculated from Qnet member registration fee was between Rp 7 million – Rp 10 million per person. Each member is obliged to ask six people to join the business.[133] The head of Department for Economic and Financial Crime of the Agency for Countering Economic and Corruption Crime of Kazakhstansaid that the bill on countering financial pyramids will ban the activities of Qnet in that country. He stated that it is a veiled form of pyramid scheme, as the income is obtained not through investing in goods, but by attracting new investors and money.[134] 2014 (Philippines, Indonesia, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan and India)The Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines) had, in May 2014, after continuous failure of Goldquest International Limited, to submit its annual report for the years 1999–2000, 2002–2003, 2007–2013, 2009–12, as required by the Corporation code and upon not finding the corporation at the reported address, revoked the company's license to transact business.[135] In Kazakhstan, as reported in Financial Police, the promotion and marketing of goods is not the purpose of the company and income is obtained not through investment in goods but the network serves as a mechanism to attract new investor and funds.[136] In June 2014, Chairman of the Fatwa Commission of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Riau province, after reviewing the business of Qnet MLM on receiving several complaints, concluded that it does not meet the requirements of a halal MLM . He found that there are elements of fraud and appealed people to avoid the business.[137] In June, 2014, Tajikistan, the press published critical articles about the commercial activities of the company. The newspaper 'Jumhuriyat' accused Qnet as a financial pyramid, and being dangerous for society.[138][139] The company management, in a press conference, defended the accusations against the company as being not true.[140] In September 2014, the company Qnet (Questnet) filed a lawsuit against private radio station, and journalist Orzu Isoyev, for protection of business reputation after the company was called the next pyramid in one of the direct broadcasts. In one of the programs aired, the journalist raised the issue on the activities of Qnet after listeners complained that the company fraudulently lures them, promising quick and easy money. They were required to buy goods for certain amounts, which then could not be sold, even at lower prices. According to them, network marketing was nothing but a financial pyramid.[141] Religious figures in Tajikistan have stated that the activities of the company was not permissible under Sharia law. This was because the activity involved deceiving of people and also because the work involved two transactions in one transaction, which means the person working for the company must make a purchase and at the same time accept the condition to find new buyers. In addition, one can make profits without difficulty at someone else's expense which is forbidden in Islam.[142] The sleuths of the Crime Investigation Department arrested the key accused in the Goldquest scheme case in Chennai after a lookout circular was issued.[143] In 2014, Mumbai police froze the bank account of Danesh Irani, son of actor Boman Irani, after it was found that he had received lakhs of rupees as an independent representative of Qnet. In February 2014, the MD of Questnet India, previous name of Qnet, was arrested after a lookout notice was issued. MD Pushpam Appalanaidu faced 21 cases of cheating filed by various investors and sections under Prize Chits Money Circulation Banning Schemes Act were also invoked against her.[144] Lookout notices have been issued by Economic Offences Wing of the Mumbai Police against Qnet founder Vijay Eswaran and his business associates Dev Wadhwani and Sachin Gupta.[145][146][147][148] Qnet in their clarification said that Dev Wadhwani and Sachin Gupta were only independent representatives of the company in Hong Kong and Dubai respectively and not employed by it through any of their global offices.[149] QNet has advocated for the regulation of Indian multilevel marketing companies and for the banning of pyramid schemes in India.[46][150][151] Economic Offenses Wing raided Qnet office in Bangalore and downed its shutters. The bank account belonging to a PR firm dealing with Qnet was frozen.[152] A radio jockey who held training camp to lure investors to join Qnet was arrested by Mumbai police and he had received over 50 lakh as commission.[153][154] On October 2014, Mumbai Economic Offenses Wing sent notices to Café Coffee Day not to allow representatives of Qnet to hold meetings at their outlets.[155] Donald Frazier, a writer for Forbes who focuses on Asian businesses, said in 2012 that the charges against QNet "tend to originate in apocryphal, anonymous or debunked sources".[156] In 2014 the Economic Offences Wing (EOW) of the Mumbai Police filed a First Information Report against QNet and its Indian subsidiary Vihaan and barred them from holding workshops and training sessions.[157][157][158] Qnet officially announced the liquidation of its office in Tajikistan on March 18, 2015, continuing its activities through a local company amidst accusations from residents of deceiving them and creating a network pyramid scheme.[159] 2014-15 (India, Mali, Russia)Three independent representatives of Qnet were arrested by police on January 2015 and produced before a court.[160] On March 2015, Economic Offences Wing arrested two senior Qnet Independent Representatives after a lookout circular was issued.[161] Four persons associated with multi level marketing firm Qnet were held by Economic Offences Wing at Vijayawada. Fifteen lakh deposited in various bank accounts were seized from them as informed by District Police Commissioner.[162] On July 2015 the Economic Offenses Wing of Mumbai Police started a probe into an alleged deal between Wizcraft International Entertainment Pvt. Ltd that organized the International Indian Film Academy Awards or IIFA Awards 2015 and Qnet.[163] In Mali it was reported that many people ran into debts in order to join the Qnet network after they were made to believe that their life will change and they will become rich, but that never happened. That was because after making a purchase, the unlucky customer failed to get other people to join their network.[164] In the Russian market Quest International(Qnet) have an annual turnover of 1.65 billion pound. Earning money in Qnet works by buying 60,000 roubles worth of company products, which is called joining the business and then bring two more people into the company who must buy goods to the same amount. Those people then introduce two more people each. This pyramid can grow to infinity. For each two people introduced, the person who has introduced them receives $250 (160 Pounds). Only 14% of those in the pyramid can get their 60,000 roubles back and it is the last people to join, the levels with most members, that receive the least benefit.[165] 2016 (India,Azerbaijan, Moldova, Burkina Faso)On March, the Economic Offences Wing of the Mumbai police issued summons to a top official of FC Goa, a team of the Indian Super League to inquire about their role in taking sponsorship from Qnet. Cricketer Virat Kohli, actor Varun Dhawan are among the co-owners of the team.[166][167] On June 2016 the Delhi Economic Offences Wing (EOW) also filed a First Information Report in 2016 against QNet, Vihaan Direct Selling and three independent representatives of the company on the allegations of cheating and fraudulently operating a MLM scheme.[168] On September 2016,four persons associated with QNet who promised 200 persons of getting them employment were arrested by police in Hyderabad on charges of cheating them of crores of rupees. Police said they were looking for the Managing Director and Director of QNet.[169][170] The Economic Offences Wing of the Mumbai Police probing the Qnet case recovered 144 crore by freezing several bank accounts where money was transferred. The mastermind of the crime is Vijay Eswaran, who is a Malaysian national and is wanted [171] The Economic Offences Wing of the Mumbai Police, after a three-year probe, filed a 55000-page chargesheet against directors, shareholders of Vihaan Direct Selling Private Limited which is a master franchise of QNet in India.[172][173] The Securities and Exchange Board of India in a public interest message to investors advised the victims and investors to file their complaints and grievances with respective state governments and local police authorities.[174][175] The Federation of Direct Selling Association rejected the application of Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt. Ltd, a franchisee of the company Qnet in India. In its letter, it said that Vihaan is in the recruitment business rather than retailing, allowing an independent representative to open as many as 21 business centers under one ID. It further said that the company revenue portion of ID activation sales and retailing sales, clearly indicates that new recruitments is the only business in focus, not retailing. The rejection letter also stated the practices of IRs as disguised money circulation.[176] In April 2014, the Investigation Department of the Central Police Department of Baku city of Azerbaijan opened a criminal case of appropriation of money from the citizens fraudulently, by the company Questnet after receiving complaint. In 2012 and 2013, employees of Questnet had taken money totaling more than 27 thousand Azerbaijani manat from 16 residents.[177] The Chairman of the Union of Free Consumers addressed the media about a complaint of Qnet Azerbaijan, citing it to be a financial pyramid, which attracts customers or potential victims by offering them a chance to start their own business with a startup capital of at least five thousand dollars or more and promising huge future revenues.[178] In December 2016, two employees of Questnet were charged with fraud by the Baku Court of Grave Crimes, and sentenced to eight years in prison. They were arrested in the courtroom. The employees defrauded about 15 citizens of over $65,000.[179][180] In Moldova, the wife of a police officer was found to be the organiser of the largest scams of the nation. Case of QNet which was closed by prosecution for lack of evidence was again started with fresh investigations after receiving numerous complaints from defrauded people.[181] Hundreds of Moldovans, eager to get rich overnight, became bankrupt after being attracted by friends and relatives into the financial pyramid Qnet, claiming to be a direct sales company. They were promised thousands of Euros per week but had to first buy at least $2000 of goods from the company. The newcomers had to convince two more people to buy $2000 from Qnet to get a commission of $250. The commissions would increase depending on the number of people attracted.[182] The High Commissioner of Boulkiemde, a province in Burkina Faso, Africa termed Qnet as a network of crooks, which uses fraudulent practices to convince young people to join their association. He in an address to all the mayors of the municipalities in his province, rejected the negative effects related to the practices of independent representatives of Qnet.[183][184] Independent Representative in Dédougou was prosecuted by a tribunal for fraud on the sum of 3,90,000 West African CFA franc equivalent to membership fees.[185] National Gendarmerie (Burkina Faso) have received hundreds of complaints from victims of Qnet. Victims had to pay 4,50,000 CFA as member fees to the company which had promised the moon. Project officials were arrested and detained in Ziniare Prison and Correction Center.[186] The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has warned citizens of Saudi Arabia, of network marketing which is banned in their country, after receiving complaints about companies like Tvi, Qnet which rely on network marketing.[187] An official spokesperson of the Ministry in response to a question about the legitimacy of Qnet said it to be a misleading activity and advised citizens not to participate with the company.[188] Many young Syrians in Turkey have been victims of fraud by pyramid marketing companies under the guise of e-marketing and prominent amongst them is Qnet or Questnet.[189] Young people in Damascus, are approached through friends, who are already associated with the company, to sign up and pay a certain amount. No information like details of company name or type of work is shared. A secret meeting with another person is fixed who convinces the new person that large sums of profit is guaranteed in a short period of time and gives him a specific product. The new person is taught how to bring in people and persuade them. The person who brings in people receives a certain amount of about $200. Meetings are held in public places and through these meetings more people are brought in.[190] 2017 (Georgia, Indonesia, Nepal, Algeria, India, Iran, Guinea, Ghana)Many people living in Georgia who have taken credits from commercial banks to buy products ranging from 500-3000 US dollars were involved in the Network Marketing company Qnet and believed they have been betrayed because they believe the company is built on the principle of financial pyramid.[191] The Financial Services Authority (Indonesia) OJK in January 2017 released a list of bogus companies where the company Qnet International Ltd was listed on it.[192][193][194][195] Pekanbaru Police arrested four persons, who were members of Qnet MLM,for the murder of a Go Car driver. Police continue to explore if there is a connection of the investment business with the killings.[196][197] Police Chief said that the killers only joined Qnet and were not employees. Qnet in its statement said that the company is not associated with the action of partners who are referred as Independent Representatives.[198]The Central Investigation Bureau of Nepal in June 2017, arrested 102 people belonging to Qnet Network Marketing company and filed cases on fraud charges. The QI Group was banned in Nepal by the Home Ministry in 2003. The Group aims to establish a business in pyramid structure wherein members are required to enrol more members under the scheme and are paid commission for the task. Some of them have enrolled several members of their own family paying as much as Rs 1 million.[199][200][201] In Jijel province of Algeria, the Gendarmerie Nationale dismantled a dangerous network of young people working for a Network Marketing company Qnet who lured victims of profits, foreign trips abroad specially Malaysia in exchange of considerable financial amounts.[202] 15 women suspected to belong to Qnet were arrested by Judicial Police Department of the State of Annaba in Algeria. The network members misled victims and avoid answering questions about the details of the company's activity.[203] Mostaganem Security services arrested three persons belonging to a network of the company Qnet for fraud through e-marketing.[204] In July 2017, at least 19 teenage victims of multi-level marketing company Qnet were evacuated from a shelter location led by the District Chief and police officers at Simo Boyolali Indonesia and sent back to their parents. They claimed to have joined Qnet because they were tempted by the sweet promises promised. The teenagers were recruited as a member of Qnet.[205][206][207] Police explained the teenagers that they have been brainwashed because their work is only to invite people to buy expensive products like the Chakra worth Rp8 million whose efficacy and use is doubtful and does not make sense.[208] Similar cases of alleged fraud with the lure of work also occurred in District Sambi. They were asked to buy products worth Rp8.5 million, including registration fee. After that they were asked to find other target customers in order to get honorarium as promised.[209][210] Police raid at a rented house located at Gentan, district Tray Indonesia, revealed 20 men 4 women suspected to be victims of Qnet fraud. Two of their leaders were questioned by the police who were found offering fake jobs to each member.[211][212] Jambi City Municipal Police with Social Service Jambi city secured 48 members of Qnet from a rented plot for disturbing residents.[213] Dozens of youths were duped by multi-level marketing MLM Qnet in Kartosuro Sukoharjo Regency. They had already paid USD 8.5 million to be a member of Qnet and were asked to look for new members.[214] The Maharashtra Protection of Interest of Depositors Court said that the activities of the MLM are not legal.[215] On February 2017 Delhi High Court, dismissed a petition to quash First Information Report describing Qnet as a multi-victim scam and cognizable offense of cheating being made out by the victims against the company and its independent representatives.[216] In March 2017, the Economic Offences Wing made an arrest of the 47th accused in the Qnet scam case and multiple bank accounts were frozen.[217] In April, 2017 the Enforcement Directorate provisionally attached properties worth over 150 crore under provisions of Prevention of Money Laundering Act, of GoldQuest International Pvt. Ltd, Chennai in a case of money circulation business and cheating the public.[218][219] In May 2017, the Economic Offences Wing Mumbai announced that a separate refund unit will be formed to refund investors of the Ponzi Scheme once the court passes an order.[220] Ernakulam Police in Kerala arrested five persons belonging to Ocean Training Solution of Qnet on charges of duping people by running a banned binary pyramid scheme.10 accused, including Padma and her son Chetan are absconding and investigation has begun with the help of Cyber Cell.[221][222] Ten members of the MLM company belonging to Team Ocean were arrested for allegedly assaulting three people who had approached the company demanding refund of their investment.[223] Meerut Police in India arrested two independent representatives of Qnet for cheating. After the arrest, the head of the gang, who is also a doctor by profession is absconding.[224] Kochi City Police arrested two persons in connection with the Qnet money chain fraud case. During a follow-up raid the police also seized luxury cars used by the accused.[225] Another victim lodged a complaint of cheating at a police station in Hyderabad. Several cases have been registered in Madhapur and other police stations in the city.[226] A complaint had been filed by Moneylife magazine founded by Sucheta Dalal with Mumbai police cybercrime division against the digital team of Qnet for employing dubious strategies to delete their articles.[227] Alborz Police in the city of Fardis Iran arrested eight people belonging to pyramid company Qnet for counterfeiting and fraud.[228][229]France 24 in their investigation alerted people about Questnet a type of pyramid scam disguised as a revolutionary sales system. The company sold very expensive products like Bio Disc and Chi Pendant touted as miraculous cures. People were supposed to become rich by earning commissions if they recruit two people to sell those products. The system allows the very first vendors to earn money taking advantage of the creduility of their relatives. But as soon the number of sellers become too large and there are not enough buyers to recruit to get return on their investment, the pyramid collapses. The scam is involved in the destruction of family fabric as it is from friends and family the sellers try to recruit resellers and often put their family into debt. Questnet transfers its profits quickly out of the country before the number of sellers become too large and the scandal breaks out.[230]More than 100 young people of Togo were taken hostage by mafia network under the banner of Qnet in Côte d'Ivoire.[231] Four QNET representatives were arrested for allegedly camping 580 youth in the recruitment business in Kumasi Ghana. The recruits were asked to pay 3,100 Ghanaian Cedi. The Ashanti Regional Minister interrogated the men. Police have moved the group for further screening and are treating them as a security threat.[232][233] Three pyramid schemes including Global Lifestyle Lanka Ltd. are under investigation by the Central Bank and Criminal Investigation Department. The Chavakachcheri Magistrate Court in Jaffna district ordered the company to stop its activities.[234] 2018 (Latvia, Lebanon, Mali, Indonesia, India, Saudi Arabia, Guinea, Turkey, Ivory Coast, Georgia, Iraq, Senegal,Tanzania, United Arab Emirates,Gambia,Kazakhstan)A program of the Latvian television reported that QN Europe, a branch of the Global network Qnet, based in Malaysia,operates on the principle of a financial pyramid. As per the scheme, a person buys a product for a lot of money and gets into the program. To start earning,he has to invite four others to acquire something from Qnet and persuade each of the four to invite further four people and so on. In order to get return of initial investment, each participant should attract at least twenty new ones.[235] The Ministry of Economy of Lebanon warned the public, after an investigation carried out by television channel Al-Manar revealed how the company Qnet operates.[236] Following a violent protest of the population, 10 agents of QNET were arrested for fraud.[237][238][239] Amadou Thiam Member of Parliament of Mali is believed to be the main instigator of large scale fraud network of QNET spreading first out of Bamako. Despite countless of victims among the poor there has been no reaction from the government about the scam where members are persuaded to pay a deposit fee of a sum of 400 to 6000,000 CFA in the form of registration, non-refundable and then who are asked to find at any cost another 4 people accepting to pay the same amount before claiming compensation.[240][241] The Malian spiritual guide, Chérif Ousmane Madani Haïdara acknowledged using Qnet products around ten years ago but clearly stated that none of their products,a magnetic pot bought in France by an acquaintance for the purpose of medical treatment,have had the slightest effect on him. He denied his involvement or any form of support for Qnet activities.[242] A Pastor in Mali who was invited by Qnet to a hotel has called the company as an organization of crooks, thieves and witches. He warned all Malians against joining Qnet membership.[243] Victims of alleged multi-level marketing fraud Qnet in Boyolali has not yet subsided. After going on in Simo, Banyudono, Mojosongo, Andong, and Ngemplak,it occurred in the Teras District. They claim to have spent money for the promise of work. However, after spending money they were abandoned. Teenagers were lured with offer of jobs by Qnet through brochure and online media. They used to brainwash them through seminars. These victims feel they are not cheated and are also bound by agreement.[244][245] Three victims reported to police of Lamongan for losses of Rp 76 million to an investment company named Pt Amoeba International with Qnet logo. He added that he was promised additional salary of Rp 3 million per person if he can invite 9 people to participate in the investment company. Police justified the existence of fraudulent reports under the investment business and process is under investigation.[246] In February 2018, in Chennai, the Settlement Commission headed by Justice S. Jagadeesan appealed to victims to file petitions for any claims from Questnet, multi level marketing firm whose property worth 192 crore had been attached.[247] As per investigation by Andhra Pradesh CID in the Gold Quest scam, 56,000 customers were cheated.[248] Economic Offences Wing of Nagpur police arrested five people representing the company Qnet for deceiving a number of investors promising to give them five crore in five years. The accused were produced before court which remanded them to police custody.[249][250] Teams of Economic Offences Wing in Qnet fraud case amounting to 1.5 crore have raided offices in Mumbai and three cities in Vidharba. However the two masterminds are still at large.[251] 12 cases have been registered against Qnet in Maharashtra.[252] The Chief Minister of Maharashtra informed that 6 cases against Q-Net company were filed in the state and chargesheets against 30 accused were filed in Special MPID Court.[253] Victims in Mumbai who lost money to the Qnet Scam formed an association registered with the charity commissioner to recover their money.[254] Additional Commissioner of Police said that more than hundred complaints have been filed by victims in Karnataka against Qnet and Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt. Ltd. on allegations of fraud.[255] Several alleged victims came together and held a protest at Freedom Park. Senior police officers confirmed the cases to be transferred to CID.[256] Nine people were arrested by the city police in connection with financial fraud by Qnet.[257] Bharatiya Janata Party accused Chief Minister of Karnataka of receiving costly Hublot watch for facilitating QI Group of companies, mainly QNET, headed by absconding industrialist Vijay Eswaran which allegedly defrauded several investors in a multi-level marketing scheme.[258][259][260] Victims in Kanchipuram Tamil Nadu claimed fraud of above rupees 50 lakh and filed money laundering complaint with District Superintendent of Police against two persons of Qnet.[261] On 31 October 2018, Qnet and its franchise Vihaan Direct Selling (India) Pvt Ltd failed to make an entry into the provisional list of 327 entities mentioned as direct selling entities in India, released by Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution[262] Three persons were arrested by police on charges of abducting an employee of chain link company Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt. Ltd. The accused had invested INR 2.5 lakh each in the company after being promised a monthly return of INR 12000 but failed to get payment.[263] Four QNET leaders were prosecuted for fraud, forgery and cheating by 32 customers at a trial court in Labe Guinea.[264][265][266] In another incident seven suspected scamsters belonging to Qnet were arrested and presented before public prosecutor for trial at Dixinn court. After their release by court,victims of Qnet were asked to report and register with the department of special services in the fight against drug and organized crime.[267][268][269] The Ministry of Commerce and Investment, Saudi Arabia has alerted the public against pyramid marketing companies like Qnet that sell goods at high prices with illusion of profits from sales commission.[270][271] 12 members of Qnet company were arrested during a raid in a coffee shop in coordination with the Ministry of Trade and Commerce and Criminal Investigation on charges of harming the interests of Saudi people.[272][273] Four members belonging to Qnet company were arrested after a raid at a hotel by control teams of Ministry of Trade and Investment in Riyadh. They were misleading customers to invest and were raising funds illegally. They made arrangements for hotel reservations and invitations to gain large number of participants for training after paying more than SR 200,000 in cash or transferring them to their bank accounts.[274][275] The Ministry of Trade and Investment raided and arrested a Qnet representative in a hotel in Najran for illegally collecting money from public since pyramid marketing is prohibited in Saudi Arabia.[276][277][278] Ministry of Economy and Finance of Ivory Coast have started investigations against network marketing companies like Qnet after being skeptical about their operations being based on the pyramid model. Five members of QNET network marketing company were arrested in San-Pédro, Ivory Coast by the anti-crime police. They were accused of extortion of money,lying about nature of activities and identity of their structure.[279][280][281] The Customs and Trade Ministry of Turkey after an audit had listed Qnet Promotional Marketing and Tourism Ltd as one of the 19 companies using the pyramid sales system after complaint were made.[282][283] According to information published by International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, the Qnet office in Georgia is managed by family members of Eka Beselia a parliamentarian. The office itself is owned by Eka Beselia. As per the statement, Qnet is engaged in network marketing based on pyramid principles. Economists say that companies with pyramid models use fraudulent schemes to gain profit.[284][285] Thousands of people have joined the QNET network in Georgia and have lost their money invested in the company.[286] The Fatwa Committee of Kurdistan Iraq, issued a statement announcing the activity of Qnet pyramid network as prohibited and haram due to non-observance of laws. Everyone who can enter two others into the network will receive a sum from the company as commission. Local resources reported widespread losses of people due to the companies activities. The company collects entry fees for membership and uses them as a marketing network to attract other people.[287][288] According to Secretary General in charge of Guinean Presidency, Qnet, which is present in Senegal is a criminal organization which has been able to join 108,000 members where each member paid between 500 and 700 dollars. The company has managed to swindle an amount of 154 million dollars where each member is made to dream and believe of earning 200 to 300 dollars each week. They employ various techniques to deceive the person who is ordered to pay money before showing him the real situation. Once money is paid, the victims can no longer withdraw. The company has managed to join some senior officials of the State. The authority which issued document of official recognition to Qnet was arrested and he admitted to the falsity made.[289][290] The company Qnet cancelled its high-profile flagship annual event V-Con which was scheduled to be held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates between 8 to 12 September. Thousands of Independent Representatives demanded refund of their tickets costing $350 each as well as air tickets. Bollywood actors Anil Kapoor, Vivek Oberoi and Jackie Shroff have previously shared the stage with Qnet founder Vijay Eswaran at V-Con.[291] In Ghana Qnet claimed that it has a network of 10,000 people earning between 1000 dollars to 10000 dollars per month. It said that it was working to create at least 10 millionaires in the next five years and urged people to join the Qnet platform.[292] Fifteen people in Gambia were arrested by police for recruiting people to join their Qnet network. The members were told that they will get rich once they join the group. People who joined cannot walk out from the group, once they signed up to be recruited.[293] In Kazakhstan cheating by Qnet has been exposed where people are told about building the network by finding two people. To earn a stable profit, the pyramid upto 7 levels consisting of 64 people need to be reached. It has been calculated mathematically that 87.5 percent do not make a profit.[294] 2019 (India,Indonesia,Kazakhstan,Guinea)The Kukatpally police at Hyderabad registered a case by a student of Osmania University and four others who claimed that they were made to invest 13 lakh Indian rupee on the promise of getting huge returns within a short period.[295] Union Minister P. P. Chaudhary Ministry of Corporate Affairs told Lok Sabha that Serious Fraud Investigation Office received 12 complaints against the scam Qnet during the period 2013-14 till November 30, 2018 which were forwarded to Registrar of Companies, India for necessary action. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs had ordered investigation of Goldquest International and Questnet Enterprises India, now known as Qnet, on July 28, 2010.[296][297] Republic TV reported the arrest of 58 persons by Cyberabad police and 14 cases registered against the company Qnet for fraud and cheating along with freezing 2.7 crore Indian rupee. A raid at the godown of Vihaan Direct Selling in Bangalore and at the office of Transview Enterprises was carried out and products seized. Qnet, launched in 2012, was the latest version of earlier money circulation schemes Goldquest International formed in 2002 and Questnet Enterprises India Private Limited, formed in 2004 promoted by the QI Group. Adding a product to the pyramid scheme is the latest trend in the evolution of such schemes, as per the officials.[298][299][300][301][302]Cyberabad police arrested two more persons in connection with the Qnet scam case who quit their jobs to work fulltime with Qnet. They enrolled several persons promising them huge returns in short durations. The Financial Fraud Victims Association Mumbai, a forum for Qnet victims, submitted a petition to Commissioner of Police who assured strict action and appealed to victims to lodge complaints with the police.[303][304] Several persons working in the Information technology sector and youngsters were found to be victims in the Qnet Scam.[305] Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt. Ltd was found duping people through investment schemes in Goa. The company in the name of network marketing business and E-commerce takes money by promising them financial freedom.[306] A nationwide probe has been launched by police to nab the main perpetrators of the multi crore rupee fraud allegedly committed by Qnet [307][308] Cyberabad police arrested three persons including the director of Vihaan Direct Selling Pvt. Ltd, a sub-franchisee of Qnet, for allegedly running a Ponzi scheme through multi-level marketing business.[309][310] Cyberabad police commissioner said that neither Vihaan Direct Selling nor Qnet had secured stay orders from the Supreme Court or from Telangana High Court and there is no bar in registering a fresh case in case of violation of law.[311] Police also sent notices to around 500 members including actors Boman Irani,Shahrukh Khan,Anil Kapoor,Jackie Shroff,Vivek Oberoi,Pooja Hegde,Allu Sirish, cricketer Yuvraj Singh for allegedly endorsing and promoting Qnet.[312][313][314] Banswara Police in Rajasthan registered a case against five representatives belonging to Qnet online business for allegedly cheating a person of 2.50 lakh Indian rupee [315][316] Malang City Police rescued a person from a boarding house. He was held captive when got involved with members of a company called Qnet MLM.[317][318]As per a report by Channel 31 (Kazakhstan) a resident in Karaganda region had to undergo treatment after being unable to make money in Qnet. He took a bank loan 800 thousand tenge, invested it and remained with a debt of 1 million Kazakhstani tenge. In order to get money from Qnet, he had to recruit two people. As per Chairman of Garant Consumer Protection Society, in order to circumvent the pyramid scheme,they sell some goods, they register you and then you bring people. Money is transferred to the next person which is the very essence of a pyramid . [319] The Secretary-General for the fight against drugs and organized crime in Conakry, apprehended a hundred people who were taking courses from Qnet and labelled it as a mafia organization which aimed to impoverish a whole family at a time while it gets rich. [320] See also
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გამომძიებელ ჟურნალისტთა ჯგუფის სკანდალური დასკვნა - Rustavi2|website=Rustavi2}} 287. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sarkhat.com/fa/group/%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%AF-mjlqbi/|title=فعالیت شبکه هرمی کوین نت در کردستان عراق حرام اعلام شد - سرخط|website=www.sarkhat.com}} 288. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ghatreh.com/news/nn43897017/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA-%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B4-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C|title=حوزه نیوز|first=حسن قلي پور|last=خطير|publisher=}} 289. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.teledakar.net/2018/08/16/arnaque-qnet-coeur-dun-vaste-scandale/|title=ARNAQUE : QNET au cœur d'un vaste scandale. - 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