“Quema House”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Quema House is the ancestral home of the Quema family in the Philippines. Built in the 1820s, it is a historic landmark in the town of Vigan, Ilocos Sur in the Philippines. The town itself was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.

History

In pre-Hispanic times up to the early 16th century, Vigan was a major commercial center in the region, trading directly with China. This commerce resulted to Chinese migration into the area with subsequent intermarriage between the native inhabitants and the Chinese immigrants. During the Spanish colonial period (1521-1898), Vigan became an important supplier of goods for the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade, which led to the rise of a new merchant class whose members are of mixed Chinese, native and Spanish ancestry - the Filipino mestizos. With their increasing affluence, they built their residential houses (bahay-na-bato) in the eastern district of the town, previously the Kasanglayan or old Chinese quarters.^[1]^[2] It is here that Chinese trader Don Enrique Quema built his ancestral house in the early 19th century.^[3]

Style

The Quema House portrays the design of a typical Bahay na Bato (literally, "house of stone") popular among the mestizo class. The roof has a steep pitch suggestive of traditional Chinese architecture.^[1] The ground floor was used as storage and as a garage for horse-drawn carriages, while the living quarters were housed in the upper floor. The exterior walls of the upper storey are enclosed by wood-framed, sliding window panels of kapis shells (Placuna placenta, a thin-shelled oyster). All throughout the living quarters are wide plank hardwood floors.

Philippine Nationality Room

In 2009, the Filipino American Association of Pittsburgh (FAAP) chose the Quema House as the model for the design of a Philippine Nationality Room (PNR) at the Cathedral of Learning in the University of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania, USA). The house was adjudged as most representative of 18th-century architecture unique to the Philippines, a requirement for a Nationality Room.^[4] As of 2011, there are 27 Nationality Rooms in the Cathedral of Learning, all representing 18th-century architecture of different countries.^[5] The Philippine Nationality Room will function as a regular classroom for Humanities classes. Target date of construction is set for the summer of 2012.

The house today

The Quema House today is still owned and maintained by the Quema family. Private tours are usually arranged upon request.

Gallery

References

1. ^¹UNESCO World Heritage Centre (1998). "The Historic Town of Vigan, No 502rev. 30". UNESCO.org.
2. ^King, Damaso Q. (1998)."Ciudad Fernandina O' Vigan. Vigan Nomination to the World Heritage List." {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112033356/http://www.fortunecity.com/victorian/rubens/12/damaso.htm |date=January 12, 2010 }}
3. ^{{cite book|last=Tettoni|first=Luca Invernizzi|title=Filipino Syle|year=1997|publisher=Editions Didier Millet|location=Singapore|isbn=9813018739|pages=72–73}}
4. ^Calejesan, Cynthia R. (2009). "Rationale for the Philippine Nationality Room" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722230842/http://www.thefaap.org/pnr/rationale.pdf |date=July 22, 2011 }}. Filipino American Association of Pittsburgh.
5. ^(2010-11-23). "The Nationality Rooms Program". University of Pittsburgh.