1. Description

2. Characteristics

3. Classification and variation

4. Recognition in mass media

5. Swabian dialect writers

6. See also

7. Notes

8. References

9. Literature

10. External links

Description

Swabian can be difficult to understand for speakers of Standard German due to its pronunciation and partly differing grammar and vocabulary. For example, the Standard German term for "strawberry jam" is Erdbeermarmelade, whereas in Swabian it is called Bräschdlingsgsälz.^[6]

In 2009, the word "Muggeseggele" (a Swabian idiom), meaning the scrotum of a housefly, was voted in a readers' survey by Stuttgarter Nachrichten, the largest newspaper in Stuttgart, as the most beautiful Swabian word, well ahead of any other term.^[4] The expression is used in an ironic way to describe a small unit of measure and is deemed appropriate to use in front of small children (compare Bubenspitzle). German broadcaster SWR's children's website, Kindernetz, explained the meaning of Muggeseggele in their Swabian dictionary in the Swabian-based TV series Ein Fall für B.A.R.Z.^[5]

Characteristics

• The ending "-ad" is used for verbs in the first person plural. (For example, "we go" is mir gangad instead of Standard German's wir gehen.)
• As in other Alemannic dialects, the pronunciation of "s" before "t" and "p" is {{IPA|[ʃ]}} (For example, Fest ("party"), is pronounced as Feschd.)
• The voice-onset time for plosives is about halfway between where it would be expected for a clear contrast between voiced and unvoiced-aspirated stops. This difference is most noticeable on the unvoiced stops, rendering them extremely similar to or indistinguishable from voiced stops:

• One simple thing to look for is the addition of the diminutive "-le" suffix on many words in the German language. With the addition of this "-le" (pronounced {{IPA|/lə/}}), the article of the noun automatically becomes "das" in the German language, as in Standard German. The Swabian "-le" is the same as standard German "-lein" or "-chen", but is used, arguably, more often in Swabian. A small house (German: Haus) is a Häuschen in Standard German, a Heisle in Swabian. In some regions "-la" for plural is used. (For example, Heisle may become Heisla, Spätzle becomes Spätzla.) Many surnames in Swabia are also made to end in "-le".

• Articles (der, die and das) are often pronounced as "dr", "d" and "s" ("s Haus" instead of "das Haus").
• The "ch" is sometimes omitted or replaced. "ich", "dich" and "mich" may become "i", "di" and "mi".
• Vowels:

In many regions, the Swabian dialect is spoken with a unique intonation that is also present when Swabian native speakers talk in Standard German. Similarly, there is only one alveolar fricative phoneme {{IPA|/s/}}, a feature that is shared with most other southern dialects. Most Swabian speakers are unaware of the difference between {{IPA|/s/}} and {{IPA|/z/}} and do not attempt to make it when speaking Standard German.

The voiced plosives, the post-alveolar fricative, and the frequent use of diminutives based on "l" suffixes gives the dialect a very "soft" or "mild" feel, often felt to be in sharp contrast to the harder varieties of German spoken in the North.

Classification and variation

Swabian is categorized as an Alemannic dialect, which in turn is one of the two types of Upper German dialects (the other being Bavarian). The ISO 639-3 language code for Swabian is swg.^[6]

The Swabian dialect is composed of numerous sub-dialects, each of which has its own variations. These sub-dialects can be categorized by the difference in the formation of the past participle of 'sein' (to be) into gwäa and gsei. The Gsei group is nearer to other Alemannic dialects, such as Swiss German. It can be divided into South-East Swabian, West Swabian and Central Swabian.^[7]

Recognition in mass media

The Baden-Württemberg Chamber of Commerce launched an advertising campaign with the slogan "Wir können alles. Außer Hochdeutsch." which means "We can [do] everything. Except [speak] Standard German" to boost Swabian pride for their dialect and industrial achievements.^[8] However, it failed to impress Northern Germans^[9] and neighboring Baden. Dominik Kuhn (Dodokay) became famous in Germany with schwäbisch fandub videos,^[10] dubbing among others Barack Obama with German dialect vocals and revised text.^[11]

Swabian dialect writers

• Sebastian Sailer (1714–1777)
• August Lämmle (de) (1876-1962)
• Josef Eberle (as Sebastian Blau) (de) (1901-1986)
• Thaddäus Troll (1914–1980)
• Hellmut G. Haasis (born 1942)
• Peter Schlack (de) (born 1943)

See also

• Muss i denn

Notes

References

Literature

• {{cite book| last=Streck | first= Tobias | title= Phonologischer Wandel im Konsonantismus der alemannischen Dialekte Baden-Württembergs : Sprachatlasvergleich, Spontansprache und dialektometrische Studien |publisher= Steiner | location= Stuttgart | date=2012|language=de | isbn=978-3-515-10068-7 }}
• {{cite book | last= Cercignani | first= Fausto | title=The consonants of German : synchrony and diachrony | publisher= Cisalpino-Goliardica | location= Milano | date=1979 |lccn=81192307}}

External links

• The Swabian-English dictionary
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jossW8bckcQ Die Welt auf Schwäbisch - Best of Obama - Vollversammlung der Eigentümer Wilhelmstr. 48]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-hYzOWV66Q "Harald Schmidt Sprachkurs Schwäbisch" Parody]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIK4HzM3bIA Sprecherdemo: Dialekt schwäbisch Helen Lutz ]

• Nak (2008 film)
• Nakabandi
• Nakabululu banana
• Nakachi Kijin
• Nakaciuq
• Nakaciuryaraq
• Nakada Ayu
• Nakadashi
• Naka-dori
• Naka Drotske
• Naka-dōri
• Nakadōri, Fukushima
• Na Kae
• Nakae
• Nakaela language
• Naka'ela language
• Na Kaeo
• Nakafukura Station
• Nakafurano, Hokkaidō
• Nakagaichi
• Nakagawa Haruka
• Nakagawa, Hokkaidō
• Nakagawa Koutarou
• Nakagawa Matrix
• Nakagawa, Nan'yo