| 词条 | R-29RMU2 Layner |
| 释义 |
|is_missile = yes |name = R-29RMU2 Layner |image = |type = SLBM |origin = Russia |vehicle_range = 8,300-12,000 km[1][2] |cep = |engine = Three-stage liquid-propellant rocket |guidance = Astroinertial with GLONASS |speed = |length = 15 m |diameter = 1.9 m |weight = 40 tons |filling = 4 × 500kt or 12 × 100kt multiple thermonuclear warheads[3][4] |designer = Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau |manufacturer = Krasnoyarsk Machine-Building Plant |unit_cost = |service = 2014–present |used_by = Russian Navy }} The R-29RMU2 Layner[5] ({{lang-ru|Р-29РМУ2 "Лайнер"}} meaning Liner) is a Russian liquid-fuelled submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) and the newest member of the R-29 (missile) missile family, developed by the Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau and produced by the Krasnoyarsk Machine-Building Plant.[6] Derived from the R-29RMU Sineva SLBM, the Layner can carry twelve nuclear warheads, three times as many as Sineva. It was expected to enter service with the Russian Navy's Delta IV class submarines after a successful test programme that spanned from May to September 2011. The Russian Navy confirmed in 2014 that the system was now in use.[6] History and designOn 9 August 2011, the Russian Ministry of Defense disclosed the details of the Layner SLBM, whose first launch occurred on 20 May earlier that year.[7][8] The authorities originally claimed the launch to be of a Sineva missile, but on 23 May 2011 it was revealed that the missile fired was actually the Layner.[9][10] The successful firing, aimed at the Kura Test Range, was conducted from the submarine K-84 Ekaterinburg.[7][11] The second launch of the Layner missile took place on 29 September 2011 from the submarine K-114 Tula in the Barents Sea aimed at the Kura Test Range.[12][13] Following the second successful Layner test, the Russian Navy decided to accept the missile into active service to augment the RSM-56 Bulava missile and improve the future viability of the Delta IV class submarines until at least 2030.[14][15] Development work on the missile was completed by late February 2012.[16] Missile was recommended by the State Commission for adoption as of December 2012.[17] Missile weapons complex D-29RMU2.1 with missile R-29RMU2.1 accepted for service by decree of the President of the Russian Federation in January 2014.[18] The Layner missile is a highly advanced derivative of the three-stage liquid-propelled R-29RMU Sineva SLBM, which was accepted into service in 2007.[7][19] While many technical details are not disclosed, it is known that the missile is capable of carrying up to twelve low-yield nuclear warheads called MIRVs capable of striking several targets individually.[19] This is twice the number of warheads the solid-propellant RSM-56 Bulava SLBM can carry, and, unlike those of the Sineva SLBM, these warheads can be of a mixed set with various yields.[15] While it shares flight characteristics with the Sineva, the Layner is equipped with improved systems to overcome anti-ballistic missile shields.[20] The missile can carry twelve low-yield warheads without penetration aids, ten low-yield warheads with penetration aids, eight low-yield warheads with enhanced penetration aids, or four medium-yield warheads with penetration aids.[21] {{Portal bar|Weapons of mass destruction|Submarine}}Operators
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://sputniknews.com/infographics/20100310/158148536.html|title=The RSM-54 Sineva submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM)|first=|last=Sputnik|website=sputniknews.com}} {{Russian and Soviet military designation sequences}}{{Russian and Soviet missiles|SSM}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:R-29RMU2 Layner}}{{DEFAULTSORT:R-29RMU2 Layner}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.likeswagon.com/2014/10/top-10-ballistic-missiles-by.html |title=Likeswagon.com |publisher=Likeswagon.com |date= |accessdate=2018-08-22}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://vpk.name/library/f/r-29rmu21-layner.html|title= R-29RMU2.1 Liner|accessdate=13 October 2018|language=ru }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://topwar.ru/142243-yadernaya-matematika-o-potenciale-rossiyskih-rpksn.html|title= Nuclear Mathematics. On the potential of Russian SSBNs|accessdate=2018-10-13|language=ru}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/lvdb/lis/S.lis|title=S: Suborbital launches (apogee 80+ km)|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=2 January 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2014/04/02/liner/|title=Lenta.ru: Оружие: Вооружение: Россия вооружилась баллистической ракетой "Лайнер"|publisher=|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |script-title=ru:Внезапный "Лайнер" |trans-title=Sudden "Liner" |author= |url=http://lenta.ru/articles/2011/08/10/liner/ |language=Russian |newspaper=Lenta.Ru |publisher=Lenta.ru |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news |title=New Russian Missile Blows Away Competition |author= |url=http://www.ocnus.net/artman2/publish/Defence_Arms_13/New-Russian-Missile-Blows-Away-Competition.shtml |newspaper=RT |publisher=Ocnus.net |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://russianforces.org/blog/2011/05/what_is_liner_slbm.shtml |title=What is Liner SLBM? |author= |date=23 May 2011 |work=Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces |publisher=Russianforces.org |accessdate=12 February 2012}} 10. ^{{cite news |script-title=ru:В России создана ракета в два раза мощнее "Булавы" |trans-title=In Russia, the launcher twice as powerful "Bulava" |language=Russian |author= |url=http://lenta.ru/news/2011/08/09/liner/ |newspaper=Lenta.Ru |publisher=Lenta.ru |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://russianforces.org/blog/2011/05/another_sineva_launch_from_eka.shtml |title=Another Sineva launch from Ekaterinburg submarine |author= |date=20 May 2011 |work=Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces |publisher=Russianforces.org |accessdate=12 February 2012}} 12. ^{{cite news |script-title=ru:Минобороны успешно запустило новую баллистическую ракету |trans-title=Ministry of Defense has successfully launched a new ballistic missile |language=Russian |author= |url=http://lenta.ru/news/2011/09/29/liner/ |newspaper=Lenta.Ru |publisher=Lenta.ru |date=29 September 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 13. ^{{cite news |title=Russia successfully tests new strategic missile |author= |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/30/c_131168428.htm |newspaper=Xinhua News Agency |publisher=News.cn |date=30 September 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 14. ^{{cite news |title=Liner missile to enter Russia Navy |author= |url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/10/21/59100320.html |newspaper=Voice of Russia |publisher=Ruvr.ru |date=21 October 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 15. ^1 {{cite news |title=Liner missile won't substitute Bulava – source |author= |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/newsofday/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=12673 |newspaper=RIA Novosti |publisher=Rusnavy.com |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 16. ^{{cite news |title=Russia Finished Development of SLBM Liner |author= |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=14406 |newspaper= |publisher=Rusnavy.com |date=24 February 2011 |accessdate=25 February 2012}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.makeyev.ru/infores/news/623|title=ОАО "ГРЦ Макеева". Информационный ресурс. Новости.|publisher=|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.makeyev.ru/infores/news/786|title=ОАО "ГРЦ Макеева". Информационный ресурс. Новости.|publisher=|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 19. ^1 {{cite news |title=New submarine supermissile can pierce ABM shield |author= |url=http://rt.com/news/new-nuclear-submarine-missile/|newspaper=RT |publisher=RT.com |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 20. ^{{cite news |script-title=ru:"Лайнер" пойдет в тираж |trans-title="Liner" will enter service |author= |url=http://interfax.ru/politics/txt.asp?id=210987&sw=%EB%E0%E9%ED%E5%F0&bd=6&bm=9&by=2011&ed=6&em=10&ey=2011&secid=0&mp=2&p=1 |language=Russian |newspaper=Interfax |publisher=Interfax.ru |date=6 October 2011 |accessdate=10 February 2012}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://vpk.name/library/f/r-29rmu21-layner.html|title= R-29RMU2.1 Liner|accessdate=13 October 2018|language=ru }} 4 : Submarine-launched ballistic missiles of Russia|Intercontinental ballistic missiles of Russia|Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau|MIRV capable missiles |
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