| 词条 | Raid of Sa'd ibn Zaid al-Ashhali |
| 释义 |
Raid to demolish al-ManatIn the same month as the mission of Khalid ibn al-Walid to destroy al-Uzza and the Suwa, Sa‘d bin Zaid Al-Ashhali was sent with 20 horsemen[8] to Al-Mashallal to destroy an idol called Manāt,[9] worshipped by the polytheist Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj tribes of Arabia. Here also a black woman appeared, naked with disheveled hair, wailing and beating on her chest. Sa‘d immediately killed her, destroyed the idol and broke the casket, returning at the conclusion of his errand. [10][11][12]The group who carried out this raid were formerly devoted worshippers of al-Manat {{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}. According to some sources, among them ibn Kalbi, Ali was sent to demolish al-Manat; however, Sir William Muir claims there is more evidence to suggest that the raid was carried out by Sa'd, and that it would have been out of character for Muhammad to send Ali, since Muhammad had been sending former worshippers to demolish idols.[13] Muir also mentions that, similarly to the aforementioned incident, during the Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid to Nakhla, an Ethiopian woman was killed, whom Muhammad claimed was the real al-Uzza.[14] According to Muir, Muhammad said that the woman slain in this incident was the Goddess of the Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj tribes, i.e. Manat.[15] Islamic Primary sources{{Primary sources|section|date=March 2016}}The Muslim historian Hisham Ibn Al-Kalbi, mentions this event as follows: {{cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|The Quraysh as well as the rest of the Arabs continued to venerate Manah until the Apostle of God set out from Medina in the eighth year of the Hijrah[16], the year in which God accorded him the victory[17]. When he was at a distance of four or five nights from Medina, he dispatched 'Ali to destroy her. 'Ali demolished her, took away all her [treasures], and carried them back to the Prophet. Among the treasures which 'Ali carried away were two swords which had been presented to [Manah] by al-Harith ibn-abi-Shamir al-Ghassani, the king of Ghassan[18]. The one sword was called Mikhdham and the other Rasub. They are the two swords of al-Harith which 'Alqamah mentions in one of his poems.He said: "Wearing two coats of mail as well as Two studded swords, Mikhdham and Rasub [19]." The Prophet gave these two swords to 'Ali. [16]}} The event is also mentioned by Ibn Sa'd, in his book "Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2". he mentions that the raid was carried out by Sa'd ibn Zaid al-Ashhali.[17] See also
Notes1. ^{{cite book|last=Abu Khalil|first=Shawqi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZmBkoDa9fcC&pg=PA226|title=Atlas of the Prophet's biography: places, nations, landmarks|date=1 March 2004|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|isbn=978-9960-897-71-4|page=226}} 2. ^List of Battles of Muhammad {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5zLhjeYyz?url=http://military.hawarey.org/military_english.htm |date=2011-06-11 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA256|title=The Sealed Nectar|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 4. ^"Sa‘d bin Zaid Al-Ashhali was also sent", Witness-Pioneer.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927030955/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch6s6.html |date=2011-09-27 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=CfPFTZjqBITX8gPi3dT2Bw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq=Then+he+%28%27Amr%29+said%3A+I+approached+it|title=Kitab Al-tabaqat Al-Kabir|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Rahman al-Mubharakpuri|first=Saifur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kN3V_Cs6gswC&pg=PA321|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Volume 9)|year=2003|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|isbn=978-9960-892-80-1|page=321}} See also Tafsir Ibn Kathir,53:19- Text Version 7. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=tMVkAAAAMAAJ Religious trends in pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, By Ghulam Mustafa (Hafiz.), Pg 11], Author writes:Similarly, swords were also placed on the Idols, as it is related that Harith b. Abi Shamir, the Ghassanid king, had presented his two swords, called Mikhdham and Rasub, to the image of the goddess, Manat....to note that the famous sword of 'Ali, the fourth caliph, called Dhu-al-Fiqar, was one of these two swords 8. ^{{cite book|last=Abu Khalil|first=Shawqi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZmBkoDa9fcC&pg=PA226|title=Atlas of the Prophet's biography: places, nations, landmarks|date=1 March 2004|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|isbn=978-9960-897-71-4|page=226}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/20894|title=Obligation to destroy idols - islamqa.info|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 10. ^List of Battles of Muhammad {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5zLhjeYyz?url=http://military.hawarey.org/military_english.htm |date=2011-06-11 }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA256|title=The Sealed Nectar|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 12. ^"Sa‘d bin Zaid Al-Ashhali was also sent", Witness-Pioneer.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927030955/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch6s6.html |date=2011-09-27 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA134|title=The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA135|title=The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 15. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA135 The life of Mahomet and history of Islam, Volume 4, By Sir William Muir, Pg 135] See Notes section 16. ^{{cite book|last=Ibn al Kalbi|first=Hisham|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G4HXAAAAMAAJ|title=The book of idols: being a translation from the Arabic of the Kitāb al-asnām|year=1952|publisher=Princeton University Press|asin=B002G9N1NQ|page=13}}A full online version of it is available [https://www.scribd.com/doc/34864705/The-Book-of-Idols here] {{webarchive|url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110805002211/https://www.scribd.com/doc/34864705/The-Book-of-Idols |date=2011-08-05 }} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=CfPFTZjqBITX8gPi3dT2Bw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq=Then+he+%28%27Amr%29+said%3A+I+approached+it|title=Kitab Al-tabaqat Al-Kabir|publisher=|accessdate=17 December 2014}} 3 : 630s conflicts|Campaigns ordered by Muhammad|630 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。