| 词条 | Ras Baraka |
| 释义 |
|name = Ras Baraka |image = Ras J. Baraka.jpg |office = 40th Mayor of Newark |term_start = July 1, 2014 |term_end = |predecessor = Luis Quintana |successor = |office1 = Member of the Newark Municipal Council from the South ward |term_start1 = July 1, 2010 |term_end1 = July 1, 2014 |predecessor1 = Oscar James |successor1 = John James |office2 = Member of the Newark Municipal Council from the at-large district |term_start2 = November 2, 2005 |term_end2 = July 1, 2006 |predecessor2 = Donald Kofi Tucker |successor2 = Mildred Crump |birth_name = Ras Jua Baraka |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|4|9}} |birth_place = Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |party = Democratic |education = Howard University (BA) Saint Peter's University (MA) |website = {{url|rasjbaraka.com|Official website}} }}Ras Jua Baraka (born April 9, 1970[1][2]) is an American educator, author, and politician who is the 40th and current Mayor of Newark, New Jersey. He was previously a member of the Municipal Council of Newark and the principal of the city's Central High School[3] until he took an indefinite leave of absence to run for the 2014 Newark mayoral election, which he won on May 13, 2014.[4] Baraka was sworn in as the city's 40th mayor at ceremonies at the New Jersey Performing Arts Center on July 1, 2014, for a four-year term.[5] He won reelection in the 2018 mayoral race.[6] BackgroundA Newark native, Baraka is the son of poet and activist Amiri Baraka and his wife Amina.[3] Baraka was educated in the Newark Public Schools and subsequently earned a BA in Political Science from Howard University in Washington, DC, and an MA in Education Supervision from St. Peter's University in Jersey City.[1] He was principal of Central High School from 2007 until 2013.[1] Poet and spoken wordBaraka is editor of In the tradition: an anthology of young Black writers (1992). Baraka was featured on singer Lauryn Hill{{'s}} 1998 The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill, as the narrator of several interludes on the album.[7] He also recorded the intro to The Score, The Fugees' second album. Baraka and Hill recorded an unreleased single together entitled "Hot Beverage in the Winter", which later featured on his spoken-word album Shorty for Mayor.[8] Baraka dedicated his collection of poems Black Girls Learn Love Hard to the life of his late sister, Shani Baraka,[1][9] who had been fatally shot in 2003.[10] He had read as part of the city's Dodge Poetry Festival.[11] Since its inception in 2004 Baraka has participated in the National Political Hip-Hop Convention.[12] Political careerNewark Municipal CouncilBetween 2002 and 2006 Baraka was Newark Municipal Council member and in 2002 was appointed deputy mayor, and served that position until 2005. In November 2005, Baraka was voted to complete the term vacated by the deceased Councilmember-at-Large Donald Kofi Tucker.[3] In May 2010 he defeated then-councilman Oscar James II in a highly contested election, on a platform critical of Mayor Cory Booker.[13] The election was documented on the Sundance reality television series Brick City, which stars Booker, Baraka and other Newark political and residential figures.[14] Newark mayoral electionsBaraka ran his first campaign for mayor when he was 24 years old, in 1994.[15] Baraka ran in the 2014 Newark mayoral election against former Assistant State Attorney General Shavar Jeffries,[16][17] after fellow council members Anibal Ramos, Jr. and Darrin S. Sharif dropped out of the race.[18] In August 2013, fellow council members Mildred C. Crump and Ronald C. Rice issued statements formally backing Baraka's candidacy.[19][20] Baraka's slate for the municipal council included John Sharpe James (council member-at-large running for South Ward), Mildred C. Crump (council member at-large incumbent), Alturrick Kenney (at-large candidate), Patrick Council (at-large candidate) and Joe McCallum (West Ward candidate).[21] In December 2013, the Communication Workers of America, a trade union which counts 2000 members living, and thousands more working in Newark, endorsed Baraka.[22] In February 2014 he received the endorsement of former New Jersey governor Richard Codey and Jersey City mayor Steven Fulop.[23] In March he was endorsed by 1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East.[24][25] On May 13, 2014, Baraka was elected mayor of Newark. Official results show that of 44,951 ballots cast, he received 24,358 to Jeffries' 20,593. He succeeds Luis A. Quintana, after completing the term of Cory Booker, who had resigned after being elected to the United States Senate in October 2013. Baraka was sworn in as the city's 40th mayor by former Governor of New Jersey Richard Codey at ceremonies at the New Jersey Performing Arts Center on July 1, 2014 for a four-year term.[26] Transition team and municipal council compositionSoon after winning the election, Baraka had initiated meetings with Cory Booker on May 19[27] with Governor Chris Christie, and Essex Executive Joseph N. DiVincenzo, Jr. on May 21. Chris Christie has described Baraka as a "hostile guy".[28] On May 28, 2014 Baraka announced his transition team, headed by former mayor Kenneth Gibson, comprising sixteen committees that will report to him before his inauguration.[29] In the 2014 local elections four of the municipal council candidates Baraka supported won their races, leading the expectation that the elected body, in which he needs five votes on the nine-member council to get any proposal passed, will be cooperative to his agenda. His preferred candidates who won seats on the council last month include: At-large Councilwoman Mildred C. Crump, and union leader Eddie Osborne in the at-large race and At-large Councilman John Sharpe James in the South Ward race and Gayle Chaneyfield-Jenkins in the Central Ward race. Incumbents East Ward Councilman Augusto Amador North Ward Councilman Anibal Ramos, Jr. and At-large Councilman Carlos Gonzalez were also re-elected on Shavar Jeffries' ticket. Mayor Luis A. Quintana, who was elected to be an at-large councilman, ran as an independent. Baraka appointed his brother, Amiri "Middy" Baraka, Jr. as his chief of staff.[30] During his tenure as mayor he has earned praise for improving Newark’s economic prospects.[31] Position on issuesUber{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2019}}The mayor of Newark, New Jersey, has released details on a tentative agreement he's reached with Uber to operate in the state's largest city. The deal calls for Uber to pay Newark $1 million a year for 10 years for permission to operate at Newark Liberty International Airport, which serves the New York City region and is one of the busiest airports in the nation. The San Francisco-based company also will provide $1.5 million in liability coverage for all drivers in its network.Newark SchoolsThe Newark Public Schools system (serving approximately 40,000 students)[32] was placed under state control in 1994.[33][34][35] Newark is one of 31 "Abbott", or "SDA district"[36] which requires the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[37] In 2010 Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook, donated $100 million of his personal fortune through his foundation StartUp Education to the Newark school system.[38][39][40] Release of the funds required matching funds, which were mostly raised through the Foundation for Newark's Future and have largely been spent, though funds remain.[41][42] The foundation was short-term philanthropic "shot in the arm". By 2015, FNF and its partners will have spent $200 million.{{Update inline|date=January 2019}} The donation precipitated an effort to reform and restructure the system. Teams of consultants have suggested numerous management reforms from the top down, but according to Ras Baraka, echoing concerns of many residents, they have ignored the community and the needs of children and wishes of families in the neighborhoods. A restructuring program called One Newark calls for the closure of some public schools and the opening of more charter schools (some in public school buildings).[43] The reorganization, spearheaded by state-appointed Superintendent Cami Anderson, would relocate, consolidate or close one quarter of the district's schools that she has determined are underutilized. The plan has met with stiff resistance from large segments of Newark's population, with critics saying there's no evidence it will increase student performance.[44][45][46][47][48][49] The plan would also include teacher lay-offs.[50] While there is some agreement with many of the policies being implemented in the program, the disregard for community input and the pace of change has drawn criticism.[51][52] The plan will require some students to leave their neighborhoods and travel across the city, with many parents fearing for their safety.[53][54][55][56][57] Baraka ran for election with a campaign to take back local control of the schools.[58] In May 2014, Newark, which already had control of operations (includes student transportation and other support services), was granted local powers over budget and finance, giving the local advisory board its first formal vote on the district's nearly $1 billion in annual spending. The state retains the right to veto any action of the local board and has the final say in appointing the superintendent of the district. Baraka as an outspoken advocate of returning control of the Newark's school to local authority has called for the ouster of state-appointed Superintendent Anderson.[59] Anderson's contract was renewed in June 2014.[60] A discrimination complaint filed on behalf of Newark parents and the Newark branch of New Jersey's Parents Unified for Local School Education (PULSE) claims that 86 percent of the students affected by "One Newark" changes are African American, while African-American students make up 51 percent of the entire district. The allegation is being investigated by the United States Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights.[61] Baraka has called for the resignation of Cami Anderson, the state-appointed superintendent.[62] Anderson resigned in June 2015.[63] While Anderson's resignation made the situation less politically volatile, Baraka opposes the creation of more charter schools, and believes they come at the expense of public schools.[64] Crime and gang violenceIn October 2013 Baraka introduced his program to deal with crime and gang violence in the city, the Ras Baraka Blueprint to Reduce Crime and Violence in Newark[65] It includes "Project Chill", which incorporates elements similar to Boston's Operation Ceasefire and other engagement with gang members and intervention programs.[66][67][68][69][70][71] As of June 30 there had been 43 homicides in 2014. In 2013 through June 30, the city recorded 41 homicides. A surge of violence in the second half of 2013 pushed the homicide total to 111, the most since 1990.[72] In Fall 2014, Baraka started the Model Neighborhood initiative, which increased police presence in troubled neighborhoods.[73] Underwater mortgages and eminent domainBetween 2008 and mid-2013, 6,810 homes were foreclosed in Newark, and citywide, and homeowners in the city and lost roughly $1.8 billion in home values. At that time about 9,000 Newark residents were "underwater", where payment balances are higher than the fair market value of the property.[74] In May 2014, Baraka introduced a resolution adopted by the municipal council that would affect an estimated one thousand Newark homeowners threatened with foreclosure, giving the city legal authority to purchase home with underwater mortgages through eminent domain and refinancing them.[75] it is estimated that more than 50% of Newark homes are financed by underwater mortgages, partially as a result of the 2010 United States foreclosure crisis.[76] Newark WatershedThe Newark Watershed comprises 35,000 acres of reservoirs and water treatment and supply systems for more than 500,000 customers in northern New Jersey including Newark and neighboring Belleville, Elizabeth, Bloomfield and Nutley. It is considered one of the city's greatest assets. A New Jersey State Comptroller report issued in February 2014 revealed irregularities and corruption within the Newark Watershed and Development Corporation, which is the process of being dismantled after being taken over by the city.[77][78][79] In March 2014, Baraka called for a forensic audit of the agency.[80] Despite protestations from the city council, in April 2014 a Superior Court judge ruled that the city must continue to fund the agency during the process.[81] The United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey is investigating the matter.[82] Budget deficit and state oversightIn August 2014, citing a $30 million deficit in the city's 2013 budget and an anticipated $60 million deficit for 2014, Baraka said that Newark would likely have to ask for emergency aid from the state, which, if received, would require state oversight and involvement in the city's financial affairs. As of September 2014, the state's Local Finance Board, overseen by the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, had not taken action.[83][84][85] That same month, the city auctioned properties, most of which had been foreclosed, in an attempt to raise funds.[86] The state's Department of Community Affairs awarded Newark $10 million in transitional aid, which comes with a required oversight memorandum of understanding. The state will hire a private firm to oversee the city's financial management and compliance.[87] The state will reduce budgets for the city clerk and expenses for council members as part of the agreement.[88] Model NeighborhoodsIn 2014, Baraka initiated a program, called Model Neighborhoods, intended to take a comprehensive approach to addressing the factors causing troubled neighborhoods.[89] Valentine's Day lot salesIn 2014, the city initiated a Valentine's Day building lot sale in which married couples could purchase housing plots in the city for $1,000, provided they built a house on the lot within 18 months.[90] Nearly 100 plots were sold; as of 2015, few had been built on, due to insufficient financing. [91]Campaign financing irregularities accusationIn November 2017, Baraka and his campaign treaurer were issued a 28-count complaint by the New Jersey Election Law Enforcement Commission, alleging they violated campaign finance rules in the 2014 mayoral election, mainly for failure to fully disclose the source of $396,000[92] in campaign donations in the expensive and tightly-contested campaign.[93] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=307430|title="Baraka, Ras", Our Campaigns.|publisher=|access-date=October 6, 2014}} 2. ^{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPaFCHEz8-cC&pg=PA467&lpg=PA467&dq=%22ras+jua+baraka%22&source=bl&ots=2tvKQyk8TO&sig=kWkWWgQLaNKt6JaPHMXQDIjtR2M&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiwlJu1y_naAhUKllQKHS3qCdgQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=%22ras%20jua%20baraka%22&f=false|title=EyeMinded: Living and Writing Contemporary Art|author=Jones, Kellie, and Baraka, Imanu Amini|page=467|year=2011|publisher=Duke University Press|place=Durham, NC|isbn=082234873X}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/government/the_municipal_council/ras_j_baraka/ |title=City of Newark, NJ: Ras J. Baraka |publisher=City of Newark, New Jersey |access-date=May 22, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514110451/http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/government/the_municipal_council/ras_j_baraka/ |archive-date=2012-05-14 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 4. ^{{cite news | last = Dawsey | first = Josh | title = Ras Baraka Is Elected Mayor of Newark | newspaper = The Wall Street Journal | date = May 13, 2014 | url = https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304081804579559952995511882?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702304081804579559952995511882.html | access-date = May 14, 2014}} 5. ^{{cite news | last = Nix | first = Naomi | title = Ras Baraka to be sworn in today as Newark's 40th mayor | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = July 1, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/07/ras_baraka_sworn_in_as_newarks_40th_mayor.html | accessdate = 2014-06-28}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2017/06/newark_mayor_ras_baraka_announces_bid_for_second_4.html|title=A 'humbled' Mayor Ras Baraka announces re-election bid in Newark|first=NJ Advance Media for|last=NJ.com|website=NJ.com|access-date=January 13, 2019}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/inside-the-miseducation-of-lauryn-hill-20080826 |title=Inside 'The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill' |author=Checkoway, Laura |date=August 26, 2008 |work=The Rolling Stone |publisher= |access-date=August 31, 2012}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://mooreblackpress.com/ras_baraka2.html |title=Ras Baraka |work= |publisher=Moore Black Press |access-date=August 31, 2012}} 9. ^[https://www.amazon.com/Black-Girls-Learn-Love-Hard/dp/0965830853/ref=cm_cr_pr_orig_subj Black Girls Learn Love Hard] at Amazon. 10. ^{{Citation | last = Campbell | first = James | title = Syncopations: Beats, New Yorkers, and Writers in the Dark | publisher = University of California Press | year = 2008 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=LRqoJJWApOgC&pg=PA133&dq=Ras+Baraka&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SqadUt6OBaLD0QWx-4D4DQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ras%20Baraka&f=false | isbn = | quote = }} 11. ^{{cite web | title = Ras Baraka | work = | publisher = Dodge Poetry Festival | url = http://www.dodgepoetry.org/poet-pages/ras-baraka/ | accessdate = 2013-12-02}} 12. ^{{cite news | title = Ras Baraka | newspaper = NLLC | url = http://www.nllc.org/summit2004/baraka.html | accessdate = 2014-05-28}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/05/newark_residents_vote_in_highl.html|title=Newark residents vote in highly contested council elections in South, Central wards |author=Giambusso, David |date=May 12, 2010 |work=The Star-Ledger |publisher=nj.com |access-date=May 22, 2012}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sundancechannel.com/sunfiltered/2010/12/coming-january-30-all-new-season-of-brick-city/ 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troubled. }} 17. ^{{cite web | last = Glover | first = Vivian | title = Who will run Newark without Cory Booker? | publisher = The Grio | date = October 15, 2013 | url = http://thegrio.com/2013/10/15/who-can-run-newark-without-cory-booker/ | accessdate = 2013-12-01}} 18. ^{{cite news | last = Queally | first = James | title = Newark mayoral race narrows to 2 as another candidate drops out | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = February 12, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_mayoral_race_narrows_as_another_councilman_drops_out.html#incart_river_default | accessdate = 2014-02-12}} 19. ^{{cite news | last = Pizarro | first = Max | title = Crump and Rice endorse Baraka in Newark mayor's race | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = August 27, 2013 | url = http://www.politickernj.com/67950/crump-and-rice-endorse-baraka-newark-mayors-race | accessdate = 2013-12-02 | quote = }} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/12/baraka_ramos_pick_up_union_endorsements.html|title=Newark mayoral contenders Ras Baraka, Anibal Ramos pick up union endorsements|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 21. ^{{cite web | last = Bonamo | first = Mark | title = Newark mayoral slates start to coalesce | publisher = NJ.Politcker | date = January 7, 2014 | url = http://www.politickernj.com/70640/newark-mayoral-slates-start-coalesce | accessdate = 2014-01-22}} 22. ^{{cite news | last = Isherwood | first = Daryl | title = CWA set to endorse Baraka in Newark mayoral contest | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = December 2, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/12/cwa_set_to_endorse_baraka_in_newark_mayoral_contest.html | accessdate = 2013-12-02 | quote = }} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_mayors_race_jc_mayor_steven_fulop_endorses_baraka.html|title=Newark mayor's race: Jersey City mayor Steven Fulop endorses Baraka|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 24. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark mayor's race: Baraka awash in labor union endorsements | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = March 4, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/03/newark_mayors_race_baraka_awash_in_labor_union_endorsements.html#incart_river_default | accessdate = 2014-03-05}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_mayors_race_baraka_jeffries_hold_dueling_events_at_city_supermarkets.html#incart_river_default|title=Newark mayor's race: Baraka, Jeffries hold dueling events at city supermarkets|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 26. ^{{cite news | last = Nix | first = Naomi | title = Ras Baraka to be sworn in today as Newark's 40th mayor | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = July 1, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/07/ras_baraka_to_be_sworn_into_office_tuesday.html | accessdate = 2014-06-28}} 27. ^{{cite news | last = Nix | first = Naomi | title = Mayor-elect Baraka and Booker agree to work together to benefit Newark | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = May 19, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/05/baraka_booker_meet_to_discuss_federal_funding.html | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} 28. ^{{cite news | last = Nix | first = Naomi |author2=Friedman, Matt | title = Christie, Baraka, DiVincenzo discuss Newark's future | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = May 21, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/05/christie_baraka_divencenzo_discuss_newarks_future.html | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/05/ras_baraka_transition_team.html|title=Mayor elect Ras Baraka announces transition team|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 30. ^{{cite news | last = Bonamo | first = Mark | title = Newark mayor's new chief of staff Amiri Baraka, Jr.: "I've got my brother's back" | newspaper = NJ Politicker | date = July 1, 2014 | url = 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first = Joseph F. | title = Suit Seeks to Halt Newark Schools Takeover | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = April 15, 1994 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/15/nyregion/suit-seeks-to-halt-newark-schools-takeover.html | accessdate = 2014-03-05}} 35. ^{{cite web|author=(Facebook Inc) |url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-02-27/why-arent-chris-christie-mark-zuckerberg-and-cory-booker-defending-newarks-school-chief |title=Why Aren't Chris Christie, Mark Zuckerberg, and Cory Booker Defending Newark's School Chief? |publisher=Businessweek |date=2014-02-27 |accessdate=2014-05-02}} 36. ^Abbott School Districts, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed June 15, 2016. 37. ^What are SDA Districts? {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120502174403/http://njsda.gov/GI/FAQ.html |date=2012-05-02 }}, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed 2014-01-10 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.startupeducation.org|title=Startup:Education|publisher=|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 39. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/23/education/23newark.html?_r=0|title=Facebook Founder to Donate $100 Million to Help Remake Newark's Schools|author=Richard Pérez-Peña|work=The New York Times|date=September 22, 2010}} 40. ^The Oprah Winfrey Show, September 24, 2010 41. ^{{cite web | last = Mooney | first = John | title = EXPLAINER: WHAT'S BECOME OF ZUCKERBERG'S $100M GIFT TO NEWARK SCHOOLS | publisher = NJSpotlight | date = October 22, 2013 | url = http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/13/10/22/explainer-mark-zuckerberg-s-100-million-gift-to-newark-schools-and-the-foundation-for-newark-s-future/ | accessdate = 2014-04-15 }} 42. ^{{cite web | last = Severns| first = Maggie | title = Whatever Happened to the $100 Million Mark Zuckerberg Gave to Newark Schools? | publisher = Mother Jones | date = March 28, 2013 | url = https://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2013/03/zuckerberg-advocacy-group-100-million-donation-newark-schools | accessdate = 2014-04-15 }} 43. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesmarshallcrotty/2014/03/31/is-one-newark-reorganization-plan-good-for-newark-students/|title=Is Christie-Backed One Newark Reform Plan Good For City's Students?|date=31 March 2014|work=Forbes|access-date=October 6, 2014}} 44. ^{{cite news | last = Strauss | first = Valerie | title = Clergy warn Christie: Your Newark school reform is a mess | newspaper = The Washington Post | date = April 19, 2014 | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2014/04/19/clergy-warn-christie-your-newark-school-reform-is-a-mess/ | accessdate = 2014-05-28}} 45. ^{{cite news | first = Editorial | title = No time for nostalgia: Cami Anderson's Newark school reforms should go {{sic|foward|nolink=y}}: Editorial | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = January 22, 2014 | url = http://blog.nj.com/njv_editorial_page/2014/01/no_time_for_nostalgia_cami_and.html#incart_river_default | accessdate = 2014-01-22}} 46. ^{{cite news | last = McGlone | first = Peggy | title = Newark school restructuring includes plans to put charters in district buildings | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = December 18, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/education/2013/12/newark_school_plan_restructure.html | accessdate = 2014-02-01}} 47. ^{{cite news | last = Mueller | first = Mark | title = Newark schools chief warns of massive teacher layoffs; wants pink slips tied to performance | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = February 25, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/education/2014/02/newark_schools_chief_warns_of_massive_teacher_layoffs_wants_pink_slips_pegged_to_performance.html | accessdate = 2014-02-01}} 48. ^{{cite news | last = McGlone | first = Peggy | title = $100M for Newark school construction waits for approval | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = February 12, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/education/2014/02/newark_school_construction_funds_must_follow_the_process.html | accessdate = 2014-02-01}} 49. ^{{cite news | last = Eidelson | first = Josh | title = Christie's ed reform scandal: Principals suspended after questioning charter scheme "Narcissism," "dictatorial" and "totalitarian" tactics by Christie appointee, Newark councilman charges to Salon | publisher = Salon | date = February 18, 2014 | url = http://www.salon.com/2014/02/18/christies_ed_reform_scandal_principals_suspended_after_questioning_charter_scheme/ | accessdate = 2014-03-13}} 50. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark mayoral candidate Shavar Jeffries hits superintendent, opponent in rollout of education plan | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = February 22, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_mayoral_candidate_shavar_jeffries_hits_superintendent_opponent_in_rollout_of_education_plan.html | accessdate = 2014-02-01}} 51. ^{{cite news | last = Leonard | first = Devin | title = Did Mark Zuckerberg Help Elect Newark's New Mayor? | publisher = Bloomberg Businessweek | date = May 14, 2014 | url = http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-05-14/did-mark-zuckerberg-help-elect-newarks-new-mayor | accessdate = 2014-05-17}} 52. ^{{cite news | last = Russakoff | first = Dale | title = SCHOOLED Cory Booker, Chris Christie, and Mark Zuckerberg had a plan to reform Newark's schools. They got an education. | publisher = The New Yorker | date = May 17, 2014 | url = http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2014/05/19/140519fa_fact_russakoff?currentPage=all | accessdate = 2014-05-17}} 53. ^{{cite news | last = McKnight | first = Matt | title = POLITICAL SCENE: INEQUALITY AND EDUCATION IN NEWARK | newspaper = The New Yorker | date = May 14, 2014 | url = http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2014/05/political-scene-inequality-and-education-in-newark.html | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} http://www.nj.com/education/2014/05/at_downtown_rally_critics_of_newark_school_plan_present_alternative.html 54. ^{{cite news | last = Goldstein | first = Dana | title = Who Gets to Control Newark's Schools? A rabble-rousing new mayor wants to undo the reforms that Cory Booker, Chris Christie, and Mark Zuckerberg brought to town. | newspaper = Slate | url = http://www.slate.com/articles/life/education/2014/05/newark_mayor_ras_baraka_tries_to_wrest_control_of_the_city_s_schools_from.html | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} 55. ^{{cite news | last = Russakoff | first = Dale | title = Schooled Cory Booker, Chris Christie, and Mark Zuckerberg had a plan to reform Newark's schools. They got an education. | newspaper = The New Yorker | date = May 19, 2014 | url = http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2014/05/19/140519fa_fact_russakoff?currentPage=all | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} 56. ^{{cite news | last = McClone | first = Peggy | title = At downtown rally, critics of Newark school plan present alternative | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = May 20, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2014/05/helicopter_near-miss_alarms_opponents_of_hudson_tour_flights.html | accessdate = 2014-05-20}} 57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/05/14/newark-schools-ras-baraka_n_5319450.html|title=Newark, N.J., Schools Plan Opposed By Mayor-Elect Ras Baraka Takes Big Step Forward|date=14 May 2014|work=The Huffington Post|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 58. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/life/education/2014/05/newark_mayor_ras_baraka_tries_to_wrest_control_of_the_city_s_schools_from.html|title=Newark mayor Ras Baraka tries to wrest control of the city's schools from Cory Booker, Chris Christie, and Mark Zuckerberg.|date=21 May 2014|work=Slate Magazine|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 59. ^{{cite news | title = Newark, Paterson may have long roads to regaining full control of schools from state | newspaper = NJ Spotlight | date = June 5, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/education/2014/06/newark_paterson_win_back_some_control_over_schools_may_still_have_long_road_ahead.html | accessdate = 2014-05-28}} 60. ^{{cite news | last = Cruz | first = David | title = Anderson to Remain at Helm of Newark Schools, Activists Vow Ouster | newspaper = NJTVOnline | date = June 30, 2014 | url = http://www.njtvonline.org/news/video/anderson-to-remain-at-helm-of-newark-schools-activists-vow-ouster/ | accessdate = 2014-06-30}} 61. ^{{cite news | last = McClone | first = Peggy | title = Feds investigate claims of racial discrimination in Newark school reorganization | newspaper = NJ Spotlight | date = July 23, 2014 | url = http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/14/04/16/christie-s-mastro-mistake-report-backfires-politically-legally/ | accessdate = 2014-07-20}} 62. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2015/01/baraka_asks_for_newark_superintendents_resignation.html|title=Baraka asks for Newark superintendent's resignation — again|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 63. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2015/06/newark_leaders_call_andersons_departure_long_overd.html|title=Newark leaders call Anderson's departure 'long overdue'|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 64. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2016/03/baraka_calls_christies_charter_expansion_ok_a_huge.html#incart_river_home|title=Baraka calls Christie's charter expansion OK a 'huge step backwards' for Newark|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 65. ^{{cite web | title = The Ras Baraka Blueprint to Redce Crime and Violence in Newark | publisher = rasjbaraka.com | date = 2013 | url = http://rasjbaraka.com/policy/crime/ | accessdate = 2014-06-30}} 66. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/10/newark_mayors_race_ras_baraka_rolls_out_public_safety_plan.html|title=Newark mayor's race: Ras Baraka rolls out his public safety plan|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 67. ^http://rasjbaraka.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/BARAKA-BLUEPRINT-FOR-CRIME-Final-Copy.pdf 68. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark Councilman Ras Baraka calling for gang cease-fire, increased police presence in wake of killings | publisher = The Satr-Ledger | date = December 28, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/12/ras_baraka_to_call_for_ceasefire_increased_police_presence_in_wake_of_newark_killings.html | accessdate = 2013-12-31}} 69. ^{{cite news | last = Queally | first = James | title = Newark mayoral hopeful wrote letters on behalf of notorious city gang boss, records show | publisher = The Satr-Ledger | date = December 31, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/12/newark_mayoral_hopeful_wrote_letters_on_behalf_of_notorious_city_gang_boss_records_show.html | accessdate = 2013-12-31}} 70. ^{{cite news | last = Strunsky | first = Steve | title = Baraka calls for gang ceasefire in Newark; mom seeks justice for son killed on Christmas | publisher = The Satr-Ledger | date = December 29, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/12/newark_christmas_shooting_spurs_calls_for_gang_cease_fire_justice_for_a_slain_son.html | accessdate = 2013-12-31}} 71. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/01/post_20.html|title=Newark mayoral candidate faces blowback for writing letters in support of gang member|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 72. ^{{cite news | last = Augenstein | first = Seth | title = Newark man gunned down before dawn is city's 44th homicide victim | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = July 4, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/07/newark_man_gunned_down_before_dawn.html | accessdate = 2014-07-04}} 73. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2015/06/progress_in_newarks_crime-ridden_neighborhoods_a_m.html|title=Fixing Newark's neighborhoods a long-term initiative, report says|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 74. ^{{cite news | last = Dayen | first = David | title = Newark's Terrible New Foreclosure Fix Idea Activists in the city think eminent domain can save their | newspaper = The Nation | date = May 8, 2013 | url = https://newrepublic.com/article/113156/newark-and-eminent-domain-poor-foreclosure-fix-idea | accessdate = 2014-05-28}} 75. ^{{cite news | last = Atlas | first = John | title = Working With Grassroots Organizing Groups, Ras Baraka, Newark's Mayor-Elect, Takes Steps To Help Homeowners. | newspaper = Huffington Post | date = June 30, 2014 | url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-atlas/working-with-grassroots-o_b_5540062.html | accessdate = 2014-07-05}} 76. ^{{cite news | last = Tyrell | first = Joe | title = NJ STILL DROWNING IN 'UNDERWATER' MORTGAGES, NEW STUDY REVEALS | newspaper = NJ Spotlight | date = May 9, 2014 | url = http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/14/05/09/nj-still-drowning-in-underwater-mortgages-new-study-reveals/ | accessdate = 2014-07-05}} 77. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark Watershed: timeline of troubles | newspaper= The Star-Ledger | date = February 19, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_watershed_a_timeline_of_alleged_misdeeds.html | accessdate = }} 78. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark, state leaders call for criminal investigation of Newark watershed | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = February 20, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/02/newark_state_leaders_call_for_criminal_investigation_of_newark_watershed.html | accessdate = 2014-02-28}} 79. ^{{cite news | last = Giambusso | first = David | title = Newark Watershed dissolves, leaving city to manage water for 500,000 customers | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = March 26, 2013 | url = http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2013/03/newark_watershed_dissolves_lea.html | accessdate = 2014-02-28}} 80. ^{{cite news | title = Baraka calls for forensic audit of Newark Watershed | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = March 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/03/baraka_calls_for_forensic_audit_of_newark_watershed.html | accessdate = 2014-07-08}} 81. ^{{cite news | last = Wichert | first = Bill | title = Newark fights court order to fund shutdown of watershed agency | publisher = The Star-Ledger | date = April 24, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/04/newark_fights_court_order_to_fund_shutdown_of_watershed_agency.html | accessdate = 2014-02-28}} 82. ^{{cite news | last = Mulshine | first = Paul | title = Cory Booker: U.S. Attorney reported to be probing his watershed pals (Mulshine) | newspaper = The Star-Ledger | date = September 5, 2014 | url = http://www.nj.com/opinion/index.ssf/2014/09/cory_booker_us_attorney_reported_to_be_probing_his_watershed_pals_mulshine.html | access-date = }} 83. ^{{cite news |author1=Dopp, Terrence |author2=Versprille, Allyson |lastauthoramp=yes | title = Baraka Faces Newark's Challenges in Post-Booker Era | newspaper = Bloomberg's Business Week | date = September 26, 2014 | url = http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-09-25/baraka-s-pledges-unmet-as-mayor-inherits-crises-in-newark#p2 | accessdate = 2014-09-18}} 84. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/08/newark_mayor_ras_baraka_seeks_transitional_aid_state_oversight.html|title=Newark mayor Ras Baraka seeks transitional aid, state oversight|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 85. ^{{cite web|url=http://rlsmedia.com/breaking-news/article/newark-mayor-announces-strategy-reduce-93-million-budget-deficit|title=Newark Mayor Announces Strategy to Reduce $93 Million Budget Deficit|work=rlsmedia.com|accessdate=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102928/http://rlsmedia.com/breaking-news/article/newark-mayor-announces-strategy-reduce-93-million-budget-deficit|archive-date=2014-10-06|dead-url=yes|df=}} 86. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/09/newark_to_auction_off_dozens_of_properties_amid_budget_deficit.html#incart_related_stories|title=Newark to auction off dozens of properties, amid budget deficit (Map)|work=NJ.com|accessdate=6 October 2014}} 87. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/10/state_to_hire_firm_auditor_to_oversee_newarks_fianances.html|title=State searching outside help to oversee Newark's finances|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 88. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/12/state_seek_cuts_to_newark_council_clerks_office_for_10m_aid.html|title=State to cut Newark council members' expenses in half in effort to rein in city's spending|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 89. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2014/11/newark_rolls_out_rehabiliation_plans_for_two_blight_crime-ridden_neighborhoods.html|title=Newark rolls out plans to rehabilitate two blight, crime-ridden neighborhoods|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 90. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2015/02/homeowner_hopefuls_flock_to_newark_valentines_day.html|title=Land for $1,000: Homeowner hopefuls flock to Newark Valentines Day Sale|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 91. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2016/02/a_year_later_newark_sweetheart_land_deals_harbor_m.html|title=Here's what happened to those 100 lots Newark gave away last Valentine's Day|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2016}} 92. ^{{cite news |last1=O'Sullivan |first1=Jeannie |title=Newark Mayor, Campaign Aide Hit With $396K ELEC Complaint |url=https://www.law360.com/articles/981301/newark-mayor-campaign-aide-hit-with-396k-elec-complaint |accessdate=22 January 2019 |date=2 November 2017}} 93. ^{{cite news |last = Yi |first = Karen|title = Newark mayor accused of violating campaign finance rules|publisher = The Star-Ledger|date = November 2, 2017|url = http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2017/11/mayor_baraka_hit_with_complaint_from_election_law.html|accessdate = 22 January 2018}} External links{{External links|date=January 2019}}
11 : 1970 births|Living people|African-American mayors|African-American people in New Jersey politics|American community activists|New Jersey city council members|New Jersey Democrats|American school principals|Mayors of Newark, New Jersey|Howard University alumni|21st-century American politicians |
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