| 词条 | Sydney Pollack | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| image = Sidney_Pollack_2000.jpg | caption = Pollack in 2000 | birth_name = Sydney Irwin Pollack | birth_date = {{Birth date|1934|7|1}} | birth_place = Lafayette, Indiana, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|5|26|1934|7|1}} | death_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S. | years_active = 1950–2008 | occupation = Actor, producer, director | spouse = {{marriage|Claire Bradley Griswold |1958}} | children = 3 }} Sydney Irwin Pollack (July 1, 1934 – May 26, 2008) was an American film director, producer and actor. Pollack directed more than 20 films and 10 television shows, acted in over 30 movies or shows and produced over 44 films. His 1985 film Out of Africa won him Academy Awards for directing and producing.[1] He was also nominated for Best Director Oscars for They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969) and Tootsie (1982) in which he also appeared. Some of his other best known works include Jeremiah Johnson (1972), The Way We Were (1973), Three Days of the Condor (1975) and Absence of Malice (1981). His subsequent films included Havana (1990), The Firm (1993), The Interpreter (2005), and he produced and acted in Michael Clayton (2007). Pollack is probably best known to television viewers for his recurring role playing Will Truman's father on the NBC sitcom Will & Grace (2000-2006). Early lifeSydney Pollack was born in Lafayette, Indiana, to a family of Russian-Jewish immigrants,[2] the son of Rebecca (née Miller) and David Pollack, a semi-professional boxer and pharmacist.[2] The family relocated to South Bend and his parents divorced when he was young. His mother, who suffered from alcoholism and emotional problems, died at the age of 37 while Pollack was a student.[3] Despite earlier plans to attend college and then medical school, Pollack left Indiana for New York City soon after finishing high school at age 17.[4] Pollack studied acting with Sanford Meisner at the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre from 1952–54, working on a lumber truck between terms.[4] After two years army service, ending in 1958, he returned to the Playhouse at Meisner’s invitation to become his assistant.[7] In 1960, John Frankenheimer, a friend of Pollack, asked him to come to Los Angeles in order to work as a dialogue coach for the child actors on Frankenheimer's first big picture, The Young Savages. It was during this time that Pollack met Burt Lancaster who encouraged the young actor to try directing.[5] CareerPollack played a director in The Twilight Zone episode "The Trouble with Templeton" in 1961. But he found his real success in television in the 1960s by directing episodes of series, such as The Fugitive and The Alfred Hitchcock Hour. After doing TV he made the jump into film with a string of movies that drew public attention. His film-directing debut was The Slender Thread (1965).[3] Over time, Pollack's films received a total of 48 Academy Award nominations, winning 11 Oscars. His first Oscar nomination was for his 1969 film They Shoot Horses, Don't They?, and his second in 1982 for Tootsie. For his 1985 film Out of Africa starring Meryl Streep and Robert Redford, Pollack won Academy Awards for directing and producing.[6] During his career, he directed 12 different actors in Oscar-nominated performances: Jane Fonda, Gig Young, Susannah York, Barbra Streisand, Paul Newman, Melinda Dillon, Jessica Lange, Dustin Hoffman, Teri Garr, Meryl Streep, Klaus Maria Brandauer and Holly Hunter. Young and Lange won Oscars for their performances in Pollack's films. His disputes with Hoffman during the filming of Tootsie became well known. Eventually Hoffman began pushing the idea that Pollack play the role of his agent and Pollack reluctantly agreed despite not having any film roles in 20 years. Their off-screen relationship added authenticity to their scenes in the movie, most of which feature them arguing. Pollack subsequently took on more acting roles in addition to producing and directing. He appeared as himself in the documentary One Six Right, describing his joy in owning and piloting his Cessna Citation X jet aircraft. One of a select group of non- and/or former actors awarded membership in The Actors Studio, [7] Pollack resumed acting in the 1990s with appearances in such films as The Player (1992) and Eyes Wide Shut (1999), often playing corrupt or morally conflicted power figures. As a character actor, Pollack appeared in films such as A Civil Action, and Changing Lanes, as well as his own, including Random Hearts and The Interpreter (the latter also being his final film as a director). He also appeared in Woody Allen's Husbands and Wives as a New York lawyer undergoing a midlife crisis, and in Robert Zemeckis's Death Becomes Her as an emergency room doctor. His last role was as Patrick Dempsey's father in the 2008 romantic comedy Made of Honor, which was playing in theaters at the time of his death. He was a recurring guest star on the NBC sitcom Will & Grace, playing Will Truman's (Eric McCormack) unfaithful but loving father, George Truman. In addition to earlier appearances on NBC's Just Shoot Me and Mad About You, in 2007, Pollack made guest appearances on the HBO TV series The Sopranos and Entourage. Pollack received the first annual Extraordinary Contribution to Filmmaking award from the Austin Film Festival on October 21, 2006. As a producer he helped to guide many films that were successful with both critics and movie audiences, such as The Fabulous Baker Boys, The Talented Mr. Ripley, and Michael Clayton, a film in which he also starred opposite George Clooney and for which he received his sixth Academy Award nomination, in the Best Picture category. He formed a production company called Mirage Enterprises' with the English director Anthony Minghella. The last film they produced together, The Reader, earned them both posthumous Oscar nominations for Best Picture. Besides his many feature film laurels, Pollack was nominated for five Primetime Emmys, earning two: one for directing in 1966 and another for producing, which was given four months after his death in 2008. The moving image collection of Sydney Pollack is housed at the Academy Film Archive. [8] InfluencesIn the 2002 Sight and Sound Directors' Poll, Pollack revealed his top ten films: Casablanca, Citizen Kane, The Conformist, The Godfather Part II, Grand Illusion, The Leopard, Once Upon a Time in America, Raging Bull, The Seventh Seal, and Sunset Boulevard.[9] FamilyPollack's brother, Bernie, is a costume designer, producer, and actor. {{Wikinews|Film director Sydney Pollack dies at age 73}}Pollack was married to Claire Bradley Griswold, a former student of his, from 1958 until his death in 2008. They had three children: Steven (1959), Rebecca (1963), and Rachel (1969).[10] In 1993, Steven died at the age of 34 in the crash of a small, single-engine plane which clipped a power line and burst into flames.[11][12] Claire, Pollack's wife, died on March 28, 2011 at 74 years of age, due to Parkinson's Disease. DeathConcerns about Pollack's health surfaced in 2007, when he withdrew from directing HBO's television film Recount,[13] which aired on May 25, 2008. Pollack died the next day at his home in Los Angeles surrounded by his family who confirmed that cancer was the cause of death but declined to provide specifics.[10][14] His body was cremated, and his ashes were scattered along the runway at the Van Nuys Airport in Los Angeles.{{citation needed|date=March 2011}} FilmographyDirecting and producing
Acting
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1986|title=THE 58TH ACADEMY AWARDS | 1986|accessdate=July 23, 2017}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|title=The secret of my success?|publisher=The Guardian|date=August 14, 2002|url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,6737,774328,00.html|accessdate=May 29, 2008|location=London, UK|first=Geoffrey|last=MacNab}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|last=McLellan|first=Dennis|title=Sydney Pollack: 1934–2008, Prolific director known for A-list casts|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=May 27, 2008|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/05/27/MNML10TUA9.DTL|accessdate=May 29, 2008}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|last=Macnab|first=Geoffrey|title=Sydney Pollack, film director revered by stars, dies aged 73|publisher=The Independent|date=May 28, 2008|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/film-and-tv/news/sydney-pollack-film-director-revered-by-stars-dies-aged-73-835191.html|accessdate=May 29, 2008|location=London, UK}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|title=Obituary: Sydney Pollack|publisher=The Telegraph|date=May 28, 2008|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/2035489/Sydney-Pollack.html|accessdate=May 29, 2008|location=London, UK}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1986/O|title=The 58th Academy Awards {{!}} 1986|website=Oscars.org {{!}} Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|language=en|access-date=2019-01-25}} 7. ^{{cite book|quote=Various directors and playwrights, including Frank Corsaro, Martin Fried, Jack Garfein, Michal V. Gazzo, Charles Gordone, Israel Horovitz, Arthur Penn, Eleanor Perry, Frank Perry, Sidney Pollack, Mark Rydell, Alan Schneider, and John Stix, have also been granted membership on the basis of their contributions to the life and work of The Actors Studio, as have certain other non-performers, such as Liska March and Carl Schaeffer.|first=David|last=Garfield|title=A Player's Place: The Story of The Actors Studio|year=1980|publisher=MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-02-542650-8|page=93|chapter=Strasberg Takes Over: 1951–1955}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Sydney Pollack Collection|url=http://www.oscars.org/film-archive/collections/sydney-pollack-collection|website=Academy Film Archive}} 9. ^Sight and Sound Top Ten Poll 2002: "How the directors and critics voted: Sydney Pollack". – British Film Institute 10. ^1 {{cite news|first=Michael|last=Cieply|authorlink=Michael Cieply|title=Sydney Pollack, Film Director, Is Dead at 73|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/27/movies/27pollack.html?hp|work=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|date= May 27, 2008|accessdate=May 26, 2008}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1993-11-27/local/me-61396_1_santa-monica-apartment|title=Crash of Private Plane Kills 2 in Santa Monica: Accident: The son of filmmaker Sidney Pollack is one of the fatalities... hit an apartment building carport.|first=SCOTT SHIBUYA|last=BROWN|date=November 27, 1993|publisher=|via=LA Times}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Film Maker's Son and Pilot Die in Crash of Small Plane|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE2DA173BF93BA15752C1A965958260|work=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|date=November 28, 1993|accessdate=May 26, 2008}} 13. ^{{cite news|author=Mike Clark|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2008-05-26-pollack-obit_N.htm?csp=34|title=Remembering Sydney Pollack, an actor's director|publisher=USA Today|date=May 26, 2008|accessdate=February 23, 2009}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Actor and director Sydney Pollack dies at 73|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24832016/|agency=Associated Press|date=May 26, 2008|accessdate=May 26, 2008}} External links
|title = Awards for Sydney Pollack |list ={{AcademyAwardBestDirector 1981–2000}}{{EmmyAward DirectingDrama 1950–1975}}{{GoldenGlobeBestMotionPictureDrama 1981–2000}}{{New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director}} }}{{Cannes Film Festival jury presidents}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Pollack, Sydney}} 26 : 1934 births|2008 deaths|20th-century American male actors|21st-century American male actors|Actors from South Bend, Indiana|American aviators|American male film actors|American male television actors|American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent|American television directors|Best Directing Academy Award winners|Deaths from cancer in California|Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin|English-language film directors|Film directors from California|Film directors from Indiana|Film directors from New York City|Jewish American male actors|Jewish American writers|Male actors from Indiana|Male actors from Los Angeles|Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre alumni|People from Lafayette, Indiana|Primetime Emmy Award winners|Stella Adler Studio of Acting alumni|Writers from South Bend, Indiana |
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