| 词条 | Syktyvkar |
| 释义 |
| en_name = Syktyvkar | ru_name = Сыктывкар | loc_name1 = Сыктывкар | loc_lang1 = Komi | loc_name2 = | loc_lang2 = | loc_name3 = | loc_lang3 = | loc_name4 = | loc_lang4 = | other_name = | other_lang = | image_skyline = Titul scw.jpg | image_caption = | image_map = | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|61|40|N|50|49|E|display=inline,title}} | image_flag = Flag of Syktyvkar (Komia).png | flag_caption = Flag | image_coa = Coat of Arms of Syktyvkar (Komi) (2005).png | coa_caption = Coat of Arms | anthem = | anthem_ref = | holiday = | holiday_ref = | federal_subject = Komi Republic | federal_subject_ref = [1] | adm_district_jur = | adm_district_jur_ref = | adm_inhabloc_jur = city of republic significance of Syktyvkar | adm_inhabloc_jur_ref = [1] | adm_citydistrict_jur = | adm_citydistrict_type = | adm_citydistrict_jur_ref = | adm_selsoviet_jur = | adm_selsoviet_type = | adm_selsoviet_jur_ref = | capital_of = Komi Republic | capital_of_ref = [1] | adm_ctr_of1 = city of republic significance of Syktyvkar | adm_ctr_of1_ref = [1] | adm_ctr_of2 = | adm_ctr_of2_ref = | adm_ctr_of3 = | adm_ctr_of3_ref = | inhabloc_cat = City | inhabloc_cat_ref = [1] | inhabloc_type = | inhabloc_type_ref = | mun_district_jur = | mun_district_jur_ref = | urban_okrug_jur = Syktyvkar Urban Okrug | urban_okrug_jur_ref = [6] | urban_settlement_jur = | urban_settlement_jur_ref = | rural_settlement_jur = | rural_settlement_jur_ref = | inter_settlement_territory = | inter_settlement_territory_ref = | mun_admctr_of1 = Syktyvkar Urban Okrug | mun_admctr_of1_ref = [6] | mun_admctr_of2 = | mun_admctr_of2_ref = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_title_ref = | leader_name = Andrey Samodelkin | leader_name_ref = | representative_body = | representative_body_ref = | elevation_m = | area_km2 = 152 | area_km2_ref = [1] | pop_2010census = 235006 | pop_2010census_rank = 81st | pop_2010census_ref = [2] | pop_latest = | pop_latest_date = | pop_latest_ref = | population_demonym = | time_zone_ref = | established_date = 16th century | established_title = Known since | established_date_ref = | current_cat_date = 1780 | current_cat_date_ref = | abolished_date = | abolished_date_ref = | postal_codes = 167000, 167002, 167004, 167005, 167009, 167011, 167014, 167018, 167023, 167026, 167031 | postal_codes_ref = | dialing_codes = 8212 | dialing_codes_ref = | website = http://www.syktyvkar.komi.com }} Syktyvkar ({{IPAc-en|s|ɪ|k|t|ɪ|f|ˈ|k|ɑːr}},[3] {{lang-rus|Сыктывка́р|p=sɨktɨfˈkar}}; {{lang-kv|Сыктывкар}}) is the capital city of the Komi Republic, Russia. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=235,006|p2002=230,011|p1989=232,117}} It was previously known as Ust-Sysolsk (until 1930). EtymologyThe city's current name comes from Syktyv, the Komi name for the same river, plus kar, meaning "city". GeographySyktyvkar is located on the Sysola River, which is the origin of its former name Ust-Sysolsk. The city is located near to the point where the Sysola joins the larger Vychegda River, which is itself a branch of the Northern Dvina. HistoryIt is believed that there has been a settlement at the city's present site since at least the 16th century.{{citation needed|date=April 2010}} It was granted city status by Catherine the Great in 1780, and later became the administrative center of Komi Autonomous Oblast.{{citation needed|date=April 2010}} It has retained its position as the Komi capital since that point, although a large influx of ethnic Russians in the 20th century has actually left the Komi in a minority there. The majority of the population were merchants and peasants. The main occupations of the inhabitants were agriculture, cattle-breeding, hunting, fishing, and trade. By the beginning of the 20th century, the population had grown to 6,000 people. The Tsarist government made the Komi region a place of political exile. In 1921, Ust-Sysolsk was given the status of administrative center of the newly formed Komi Autonomous Soviet Republic. It was renamed as Syktyvkar, which is Komi for "a town on the Sysola" in 1930, to mark the 150th anniversary of its receipt of city privileges. In 1936, Syktyvkar became the capital of the Komi ASSR. Administrative and municipal statusSyktyvkar is the capital of the republic.[4] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three urban-type settlements (Krasnozatonsky, Sedkyrkeshch, and Verkhnyaya Maksakovka) and three rural localities, incorporated as the city of republic significance of Syktyvkar—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[4] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Syktyvkar is incorporated as Syktyvkar Urban Okrug.[5] EconomyThe Sysola, Vychegda, and Northern Dvina Rivers are navigable and are a major transport route of forestry products from Syktyvkar. Lumber and woodcrafts are the city's largest industries.{{citation needed|date=December 2010}} Previously Komiinteravia had its head office in Syktyvkar.[6] TransportationThe city is served by Syktyvkar Airport and Syktyvkar Southwest airfield. The city has a railway station as well. Syktyvkar is the end point of route R176 (Vyatka Highway). Culture and educationSyktyvkar is the center of the cultural life in the republic. The oldest museum of the Republic of Komi, the National Museum, was founded in 1911. Nowadays, the National Museum is the Literature Memorial Museum of Ivan Kuratov and the museum of Viktor Savin. The National Gallery was founded in Syktyvkar in 1943. It welcomes exhibitions from different museums of the country. In 1930 Victor Savin, a poet, playwright, stage manager and actor, founded the Drama theater of the Republic of Komi and the theater still carries his name. Nowadays this theater is one of centers of spiritual and artistic culture of all people who live in the republic. Plays by Nicolai Diakonov, Vasili Lecanov, Alexandre Larev and others are familiar to everybody who knows the history of Komi culture. In 1966 the Drama theater was given the status of Academic theater. The Theater of Opera and Ballet began its history in 1958. The National Library numbers 2.5 million volumes, including books in the Russian language, foreign languages and in the Komi language. Syktyvkar State University was founded in 1972 and has over 3,500 full-time students and 250 faculty members.[7]The one of the oldest Russian progressive rock band "The Gourishankar" was founded in Syktyvkar in 2001. SportsStroitel[8] which has played many seasons in the highest division of Russian bandy, nowadays called the Russian Bandy Super League, has then played several seasons in the second division, called Russian Bandy Supreme League. At the final tournament of the 2016-17 season, with two Super League tickets held in Syktyvkar, Stroitel won[9] and was thus eligible for promotion. After discussions whether or not to accept,[10] the answer was a yes and the team will play Super League bandy again in the season of 2017-18.[11] Its home venue is Respublikanskiy Stadion.[12] In the 2016/17 season, the club adopted a new logotype (shown to the right in this article) instead of an old one which had a white bear playing bandy.[13]There is also a youth team called KDYuSSh-1.[14] Events
ClimateSyktyvkar experiences a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. {{Weather box |location=Syktyvkar |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan record high C=3.8 |Feb record high C=3.8 |Mar record high C=13.2 |Apr record high C = 26.7 |May record high C = 31.8 |Jun record high C = 35.3 |Jul record high C = 34.4 |Aug record high C = 34.6 |Sep record high C = 27.5 |Oct record high C = 20.4 |Nov record high C = 10.6 |Dec record high C = 5.2 |Jan high C = -10.8 |Feb high C = -8.6 |Mar high C = -0.5 |Apr high C = 7.1 |May high C = 14.6 |Jun high C = 20.6 |Jul high C = 23.2 |Aug high C = 18.8 |Sep high C = 12.3 |Oct high C = 4.3 |Nov high C = -4.2 |Dec high C = -8.6 |Jan mean C = -14.2 |Feb mean C = -12.4 |Mar mean C = -5.1 |Apr mean C = 1.8 |May mean C = 8.5 |Jun mean C = 14.8 |Jul mean C = 17.5 |Aug mean C = 13.7 |Sep mean C = 8.1 |Oct mean C = 1.7 |Nov mean C = -6.8 |Dec mean C = -11.7 |Jan low C = -17.8 |Feb low C = -16.1 |Mar low C = -9.3 |Apr low C = -2.8 |May low C = 3.3 |Jun low C = 9.4 |Jul low C = 12.4 |Aug low C = 9.3 |Sep low C = 4.7 |Oct low C = -0.6 |Nov low C = -9.5 |Dec low C = -15.0 |Jan record low C = -46.6 |Feb record low C = -45.4 |Mar record low C = -38.8 |Apr record low C = -27.3 |May record low C = -15.0 |Jun record low C = -5.0 |Jul record low C = -0.3 |Aug record low C = -2.1 |Sep record low C = -8.6 |Oct record low C = -29.6 |Nov record low C = -43.5 |Dec record low C = -46.0 |Jan precipitation mm = 41 |Feb precipitation mm = 31 |Mar precipitation mm = 31 |Apr precipitation mm = 33 |May precipitation mm = 48 |Jun precipitation mm = 74 |Jul precipitation mm = 74 |Aug precipitation mm = 75 |Sep precipitation mm = 57 |Oct precipitation mm = 59 |Nov precipitation mm = 52 |Dec precipitation mm = 46 |Jan snow cm = 48 |Feb snow cm = 63 |Mar snow cm = 70 |Apr snow cm = 39 |May snow cm = 8 |Jun snow cm = 0 |Jul snow cm = 0 |Aug snow cm = 0 |Sep snow cm = 0 |Oct snow cm = 14 |Nov snow cm = 18 |Dec snow cm = 29 |year snow cm = |Jan rain days = 3 |Feb rain days = 3 |Mar rain days = 6 |Apr rain days = 13 |May rain days = 19 |Jun rain days = 19 |Jul rain days = 19 |Aug rain days = 21 |Sep rain days = 22 |Oct rain days = 19 |Nov rain days = 8 |Dec rain days = 5 |Jan snow days = 24 |Feb snow days = 21 |Mar snow days = 18 |Apr snow days = 7 |May snow days = 2 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 1 |Oct snow days = 7 |Nov snow days = 19 |Dec snow days = 23 |Jan humidity = 83 |Feb humidity = 81 |Mar humidity = 75 |Apr humidity = 67 |May humidity = 64 |Jun humidity = 68 |Jul humidity = 73 |Aug humidity = 79 |Sep humidity = 84 |Oct humidity = 86 |Nov humidity = 86 |Dec humidity = 84 |Jan sun = 20 |Feb sun = 64 |Mar sun = 126 |Apr sun = 186 |May sun = 254 |Jun sun = 276 |Jul sun = 266 |Aug sun = 200 |Sep sun = 103 |Oct sun = 50 |Nov sun = 22 |Dec sun = 9 |source 1 = pogoda.ru.net[18] |source 2 = NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990)[19] |date=January 2013 }} Twin towns and sister citiesSyktyvkar is twinned with:[20]
ReferencesNotes1. ^Сайт администрации МО ГО 'Сыктывкар' — Краткая справка {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224103348/http://syktyvkar.komi.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=243&Itemid=125 |date=December 24, 2013 }} 2. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dictionary.com/browse/syktyvkar?s=t|title=Dictionary.com}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Law #16-RZ 5. ^1 2 Law #11-RZ 6. ^"Directory: World Airlines. Flight International. 23–29 March 2004. 95. "Sovetskaya Street 69, Skytyvkar, Komi Zone ATD, Russia" 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.valdosta.edu/cip/syktyvkar.shtml|title=UNIVERSITY OF SYKTYVKAR|publisher=Valdosta State University|accessdate=2009-09-10|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602024010/http://www.valdosta.edu/cip/syktyvkar.shtml|archivedate=June 2, 2010|df=mdy-all}} 8. ^[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.rusbandy.ru/season/135/&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.rusbandy.ru/season/135/%26biw%3D1093%26bih%3D614 rusbandy.ru] 9. ^[https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rusbandy.ru%2Fnews%2F10542 rusbandy.ru] 10. ^[https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rusbandy.ru%2Fnews%2F10543 rusbandy.ru] 11. ^http://www.rusbandy.ru/season/313/ The 2017-18 Super League at rusbandy.ru 12. ^The stadium at rusbandy.ru 13. ^Image of the new and the old logo at rusbandy.ru 14. ^rusbandy.ru 15. ^[https://komi-bandy.ru/en/ Championship homepage] 16. ^[https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.rusbandy.ru/news/11753/] 17. ^https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.rusbandy.ru/news/12046/ 18. ^{{cite web|title=Weather And Climate - Climate Syktyvkar|url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/23804.htm|accessdate=2014-08-19|language=Russian}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Climate Normals for Syktyvkar|url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/RA/23804.TXT|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=19 January 2013}} 20. ^Syktyvkar Regions and cities Sources
External links
2 : Syktyvkar|Ust-Sysolsky Uyezd |
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