| 词条 | Ravindra Kaushik |
| 释义 |
| name = Ravindra Kaushik | image = Ravinder Kaushik former RAW agent.jpg | alt = Former RAW agent Ravinder Kaushik | caption = Former RAW agent Ravinder Kaushik | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1952|04|11}}[1] | birth_place = Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India | death_date = {{death year and age|2001|1952}}[2] | death_place = Central Jail Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan | death_cause = Tuberculosis, Cardiovascular disease | nationality = Indian | other_names = Nabi Ahmed Shakir, "Black Tiger" | alma_mater = University of Karachi | occupation = Intelligence agent (India), Major (Pakistan) | years_active = 1975-1983 | employer = {{unbulleted list|Research and Analysis Wing|Pakistan Army}} | known_for = Indian spy for RAW | criminal_penalty = Life imprisonment }}Ravindra Kaushik ({{aka}} Nabi Ahmed Shakir; 11 April 1952 – November 2001) was an alleged Indian Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) agent who lived undercover in Pakistan before he was jailed and would die while incarcerated.[1][2][3] Early lifeRavindra Kaushik was born in Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan on April 11, 1952. He also did his graduation from there.[1] Research and Analysis WingKaushik displayed his talent at the national level dramatic meet in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, which was witnessed by officials from the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), India's external intelligence agency. He was contacted and offered a job of being an undercover Indian agent in Pakistan. Kaushik was given extensive training in Delhi for two years. He underwent circumcision so he could pass as a Muslim. He was taught Urdu, given religious education and acquainted with the topography and other details about Pakistan. Being from Sri Ganganagar, a city near Rajasthan's border with Punjab, he was well versed in Punjabi, which is spoken in parts of Pakistan.[2] In 1975, at the age of 23, Kaushik was sent to Pakistan on a mission.[1][4][5] Activities in PakistanKaushik was given the name "Nabi Ahmed Shakir" and entered Pakistan in 1975.[2] He was successful in getting admission in Karachi University and completed his LLB. He joined Pakistan Army and became a commissioned officer and later was promoted to the rank of a Major.[2][1] He converted to Islam, married a local girl named Amanat, the daughter of a tailor in one of the army units, and fathered a boy who died in 2012–2013.[2][6] From 1979 to 1983, while in military service, he passed on valuable information to RAW which was of great help to the Indian defence forces. He was given the title of 'Black Tiger' by India's then home minister S.B. Chavan.[7] Death and aftermathIn September 1983, Indian intelligence agencies sent a low-level operative, Inyat Masih, to get in touch with Kaushik. However, Masih was caught by Pakistan's intelligence agencies and revealed Kaushik's true identity.[1] Kaushik was then captured, tortured for two years at an interrogation center in Sialkot. He was given the death sentence in 1985. His sentence was later commuted to a life term by the Supreme Court of Pakistan. He was kept in various jails in various cities, including Sialkot, Kot Lakhpat and in Mianwali jail for 16 years.[2] He managed to secretly send letters to his family in India, which revealed his poor health condition and the trauma faced by him in Pakistani jails.[1] In November 2001, he succumbed to pulmonary tuberculosis and heart disease in Central Jail Mianwali in Punjab, Pakistan. The Indian government refused to own him.[1] Ravindra's family claimed that the storyline of the famous Bollywood flick "Ek Tha Tiger" released in the year 2012 was based on the life of Ravindra and asked for the credit in the movie titles for Ravindra.[5] See also
Further reading
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=India's forgotten spy – Agent's family fights an impossible battle |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021230/asp/frontpage/story_1526967.asp|accessdate=17 August 2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaushik, Ravindra}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=Late spy's kin fight for reel life credit |url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/86994-late-spys-kin-fight-for-reel-life-credit.html |accessdate=17 August 2012 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824211533/http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/86994-late-spys-kin-fight-for-reel-life-credit.html |archivedate=24 August 2012 }} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1334049|title=A history of Indian spies in Pakistan|last=Osman|first=Ali|date=2017-05-19|website=DAWN.COM|language=en|access-date=2019-02-18}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Salman Khan's new movie in controversy again|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-24/jaipur/32827242_1_multan-pakistan-army-pakistan-agency|accessdate=17 August 2012}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Dead RAW agent's nephew takes Salman's Ek Tha Tiger producers to court|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/raw-agent-nephew-takes-salman-ek-tha-tiger-producers-court--4729.html|accessdate=17 August 2012}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/jaipur/the-real-life-behind-a-2002-spy-thriller/article1-483474.aspx|title=The real life behind a 2002 spy thriller|work=Hindustan Times|date=6 December 2009|accessdate=15 May 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Ek Tha Tiger: Not Salman Khan, meet the real Indian Tiger! |url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/news/2012/ek-tha-tiger-salman-khan-real-tiger-ravinder-kaushik-098458.html|accessdate=17 Aug 2012}} 16 : Indian expatriates in Pakistan|1952 births|2001 deaths|India–Pakistan relations|Indian people imprisoned abroad|Indian people who died in prison custody|Indian spies|Pakistan Army officers|People of the Research and Analysis Wing|Prisoners and detainees of Pakistan|Prisoners who died in Pakistani detention|Punjabi people|University of Karachi alumni|Spies who died in prison custody|People convicted of espionage in Pakistan|Research and Analysis Wing activities in Pakistan |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。