| 词条 | Rear Admiral Submarines |
| 释义 |
| post = Rear-Admiral Submarines | body = | nativename = | insignia = Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg | insigniasize = 150px | insigniacaption = Ensign of the Royal Navy | image = | imagesize = | incumbent = Rear-Admiral John Weale | incumbentsince = 2015 | department = Ministry of Defence | member_of = Board of Admiralty, Admiralty Board | reports_to = Fleet Commander | nominator = Secretary of State for Defence | appointer = Prime Minister | appointer_qualified = Subject to formal approval by the Queen-in-Council | termlength = Not fixed (typically 2–3 years) | inaugural = Rear-Admiral Douglas Dent | formation = 1901 | website= }} Rear-Admiral, Submarines is a post in the Royal Navy which involves command of the Royal Navy Submarine Service. It evolved from the post of Inspecting Captain of Submarines in 1901 and would later evolve to become the post of Flag Officer Submarines in 1944. HistoryIn 1904 the Admiralty created the post of Inspecting Captain of Submarines that lasted until August 1912 when Captain Roger J. B. Keyes was appointed Commodore, Submarine Service he held that position until February 1919 [1] when the post holder was renamed Chief of the Submarine Service. It was for many years located at HMS Dolphin in Hampshire.[2] On 30 August 1939 Rear Admiral Submarines, Rear Admiral Bertram Watson, moved his headquarters from Gosport to Aberdour, Scotland, though the administrative staff remained at Gosport. The RN started the Second World War with 60 submarines.[3] On 31 August 1939 the Second Submarine Flotilla at Dundee ({{HMS|Forth|A187|2}} and ten submarines) and the Sixth Submarine Flotilla at Blyth ({{HMS|Titania||2}} and six submarines) were part of the Home Fleet. The submarines {{HMS|Clyde|N12|2}} and {{HMS|Severn|N57|2}}, part of the Seventh Submarine Flotilla, were at Freetown under the orders of the Commander-in-Chief, South Atlantic. Ten submarines were in the Mediterranean along with the depot ship {{HMS|Maidstone|1937|2}} (First Submarine Flotilla); and the submarine depot ship {{HMS|Medway|1928|2}} and the Fourth Submarine Flotilla were under the Commander-in-Chief, China, split between Singapore and Hong Kong.[4] Roskill writes that the effective naval strength of the British Empire on the outbreak of war included 38 submarines. During the war the major operating arenas were the Norwegian waters; the Mediterranean where a flotilla of submarines fought a successful battle against the Axis replenishment route to North Africa; and the Far East where Royal Navy submarines disrupted Japanese shipping operating in the Malacca Straits.[5] In January 1940, Vice-Admiral Max Horton was made Rear Admiral Submarines. Horton's biographer, Rear Admiral William S. Chalmers, cites the opinion that a new regulation, which required the post holder to be an officer who had served aboard submarines in the Great War, was forced through for the sole purpose of ensuring that Horton was on a very short list of qualifiers for this post, almost ensuring his rapid transfer to Aberdour, so great was the desire of some within the Admiralty to have Horton revitalize the submarine arm.{{sfnp|Chalmers|1954|loc=Chapter X}} From 1953 the Flag Officer Submarines was dual-hatted as NATO Commander Submarine Force Eastern Atlantic (COMSUBEASTLANT) under Commander Submarine Allied Command Atlantic (COMSUBACLANT), a major command of Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic. Flag Officer Submarines moved from Dolphin to the Northwood Headquarters in 1978.[6] From 1993 the post of Flag Officer Submarines was dual-hatted with the post of Commander Operations.[7] Current statusIn 2015, Rear Admiral John Weale was appointed Rear Admiral Submarines/Assistant Chief of Naval Staff Submarines, while Rear Admiral Robert Tarrant is Commander Operations (Royal Navy), two distinct posts from 2015.[8][7] CommandingPost holders have included:[7] Inspecting Captain of Submarines
Commodore Submarine Service
Chief of the Submarine Service
Rear-Admiral Submarines
Flag Officer Submarines
Rear-Admiral Submarines current
References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Harley|first1=Simon|last2=Lovell|first2=Tony|title=Inspecting Captain of Submarines - The Dreadnought Project|url=http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/Inspecting_Captain_of_Submarines|website=www.dreadnoughtproject.org|publisher=Harley and Lovell, 3 November 2015|accessdate=15 March 2018|language=en}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dieselweasel.co.uk/subschool.html|title=Submarine School|accessdate=6 September 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.naval-history.net/WW2RN01-Introduction2.htm |title=Royal, Dominion & Allied Navies in World War II: Beginning and End, 1939 and 1945 |year=2010 |work=Naval-history.net}} 4. ^{{cite book |first=Stephen W. |last=Roskill |chapterurl=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-RN-I/UK-RN-I-4.html |title=History of the Second World War: The War at Sea 1939-1945: The Defensive |chapter=Chapter 4: Allied and Enemy War Plans and Dispositions |location=London |publisher=HMSO |year=1954 |pages=47-49}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/server/show/nav.2558 |title=Submarine History: Submarine Service: Operations and Support |work=Royal Navy |year=2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913124853/http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/server/show/nav.2558 |archivedate=13 September 2008}} 6. ^Conley, p. 136 7. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201865-.pdf |title=Senior Royal Navy Appointments|accessdate=6 September 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/~/media/royal%20navy%20responsive/documents/profiles/weale%20john.pdf|title=Rear Admiral John Weale|accessdate=21 January 2016}} 9. ^Harley and Lovell. 2015 10. ^Harley and Lovell. 2015 11. ^Harley and Lovell. 2015 12. ^Harley and Lovell. 2015 13. ^Harley and Lovell. 2015 Sources
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