| 词条 | Symphoricarpos | |
| 释义 |
| image = Symphoricarpos albus 7927.jpg | image_caption = Common snowberry (S. albus) | taxon = Symphoricarpos | authority = Duhamel 1755[1][2] | synonyms_ref = [3] | synonyms = *Symphoricarpus Willd. 1818
}}Symphoricarpos, commonly known as the snowberry, waxberry, or ghostberry, is a small genus of about 15 species of deciduous shrubs in the honeysuckle family, Caprifoliaceae. With the exception of the Chinese coralberry, S. sinensis, which is indigenous to western China, all species are native to North and Central America. The name of the genus is derived from the Ancient Greek words {{lang|grc|συμφορεῖν}} ({{grc-tr|συμφορεῖν}}), meaning "to bear together", and {{lang|grc|καρπός}} ({{grc-tr|καρπός}}), meaning "fruit". It refers to the closely packed clusters of berries the species produce.[4] DescriptionSymphoricarpos leaves are {{convert|1.5|–|5|cm|in|abbr=on}} long, rounded, entire or with one or two lobes at the base. The flowers are small, greenish-white to pink, in small clusters of 5–15 together in most species, solitary or in pairs in some (e.g. S. microphyllus). The fruit is conspicuous, {{convert|1|–|2|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}} in diameter, soft, varying from white (e.g. S. albus) to pink (S. microphyllus) to red (S. orbiculatus) and in one species (S. sinensis), blackish purple. When the white berries are broken open, the fruit inside looks like fine, sparkling granular snow. The flesh is spongy and contains two 2–5 mm long, whitish stone seeds. The seeds are egg-shaped and more or less flattened which contain endosperm and a small embryo. They have a very tough, hard, and impermeable covering so the seeds are very hard to germinate and may be dormant for up to 10 years. The white berries create a cracking sound when they are stepped into firm ground.
Species accepted as of August 2015[5] {{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} EcologyCommon snowberry (S. albus) is an important winter food source for quail, pheasant, and grouse, but is considered poisonous to humans. The berries contain the isoquinoline alkaloid chelidonine, as well as other alkaloids. Ingesting the berries causes mild symptoms of vomiting, dizziness, and slight sedation in children. Cultivation and usesCommon snowberry is a popular ornamental shrub in gardens, grown for its decorative white fruit and wildlife gardening. It is also a useful landscaping plant due to its extreme versatility—tolerating sun, shade, heat, cold, drought, and inundation. References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11759 |title=Genus: Symphoricarpos Duhamel |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=1998-09-18 |accessdate=2011-09-13}} 2. ^{{ITIS |id=35330 |taxon=Symphoricarpos |accessdate=2011-09-13}} 3. ^[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8370347#page/214/mode/1up Jones, George Neville 1940. A monograph of the genus Symphoricarpos. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 21(2): 201-252] 4. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KeGzp-YXrPYC& |first=Thomas H. |last=Everett |title=The New York Botanical Garden Illustrated Encyclopedia of Horticulture |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-8240-7240-7 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |page=3271}} 5. ^The Plant List, search for Symphoricarpos External links{{Commons category}}{{Wikispecies}}
2 : Symphoricarpos|Caprifoliaceae genera |
|
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。