| 词条 | Synaptobrevin |
| 释义 |
| Symbol = Synaptobrevin | Name = Synaptobrevin | image = Coresnarecomplex.png | width = | caption = Three different views of the high resolution structure of a truncated neuronal SNARE complex. Legend: synaptobrevin-2 (red), Syntaxin-1 (pink), SNAP-25 (purple). | Pfam= PF00957 | InterPro= IPR016444 | SMART= | Prosite = PDOC00368 | SCOP = 1sfc | TCDB = | OPM family=197 | OPM protein=4wy4 | PDB= | Membranome family = 351 }}Synaptobrevins (synaptobrevin isotypes 1-2) are small integral membrane proteins of secretory vesicles with molecular weight of 18 kilodalton (kDa) that are part of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) family.[1][2][3][4][5] Synaptobrevin is one of the SNARE proteins involved in formation of the SNARE complexes. StructureOut of four α-helices of the core SNARE complex one is contributed by synaptobrevin, one by syntaxin, and two by SNAP-25 (in neurons). FunctionSNARE proteins are the key components of the molecular machinery that drives fusion of membranes in exocytosis. Their function however is subject to fine-tuning by various regulatory proteins collectively referred to as SNARE masters. ClassificationIn the Q/R nomenclature for organizing SNARE proteins, VAMP/synaptobrevin family members are classified as R-SNAREs, so named for the presence of an arginine at a specific location within the primary sequence of the protein (as opposed to the SNAREs of the target membrane, which contain a glutamine and are so named Q-SNAREs). Synaptobrevin is classified as a V-SNARE in the V/T nomenclature, an alternative classification scheme in which SNAREs are classified as V-SNAREs and T-SNAREs for their localization to vesicles and target membranes, respectively.[6] Clinical significanceSynaptobrevin is degraded by tetanospasmin, a protein derived from the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which causes tetanus. A related bacterium, Clostridium botulinum, produces the botulinum toxin. Various botulinum toxin serotypes exist that each cleave specific peptide bonds of specific neuronal SNARE proteins, and synaptobrevin is this target protein for several of the serotypes. Human proteins containing this domainSEC22A; SEC22B; SYBL1; VAMP1; VAMP2; VAMP3; VAMP4; VAMP5; VAMP8; YKT6; References and notes1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Baumert M, Maycox PR, Navone F, De Camilli P, Jahn R | title = Synaptobrevin: an integral membrane protein of 18,000 daltons present in small synaptic vesicles of rat brain | journal = EMBO J | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 379–84 | pmid = 2498078 |pmc=400817 | date = February 1, 1989 }} 2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Bock JB, Scheller RH | title = SNARE proteins mediate lipid bilayer fusion | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 96 | issue = 22 | pages = 12227–9 |date=October 1999 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.96.22.12227 | pmid = 10535902 |pmc=34255}} 3. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Ernst JA, Brunger AT | url = http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/278/10/8630 | title = High resolution structure, stability, and synaptotagmin binding of a truncated neuronal SNARE complex | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 278 | issue = 10 | pages = 8630–6 | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M211889200 | pmid = 12496247}} 4. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Fasshauer D, Sutton RB, Brunger AT, Jahn R | title = Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q- and R-SNAREs | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 95 | issue = 26 | pages = 15781–6 |date=December 1998 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.95.26.15781 | pmid = 9861047 |pmc=28121}} 5. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Weber T, Zemelman BV, McNew JA, Westermann B, Gmachl M, Parlati F, Sollner TH, Rothman JE | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81404-X | title = SNAREpins: minimal machinery for membrane fusion | journal = Cell | volume = 92 | issue = 6 | pages = 759–72 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9529252}} 6. ^Juan S. Bonifacino and Benjamin S. Glick. "The Mechanisms of Vesicle Budding and Fusion." Cell, Vol. 116, 153–166, January 23, 2004, External links
3 : Protein domains|Protein families|Single-pass transmembrane proteins |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。