| 词条 | Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan |
| 释义 |
| box_width = 25em | name = Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan | image = | caption = | owner = | locale = Metro Detroit | transit_type = local bus, express bus, bus rapid transit (BRT), commuter rail | lines = | stations = | ridership = | chief_executive = Tiffany J. Gunter (Interim) | headquarters = Detroit, Michigan | website = http://www.rtamichigan.org/ | began_operation = 2013 | ended_operation = | operator =
| marks = | vehicles = | train_length = | headway = | system_length = | track_gauge = | ogauge = | minimum_radius_of_curvature = | el = | average_speed = | top_speed = | map = | map_name = | map_state = collapsed }} The Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan (RTA) is the agency with oversight and service coordination responsibility for mass transit operations in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan. The counties of Macomb, Oakland, Washtenaw, and Wayne are included in the agency's jurisdiction.[1] OverviewThe RTA is governed by a 10-member board which includes two representatives from each county, one representative from Detroit, and one non-voting representative appointed by the governor who chairs the board.[1] The board hires a CEO to oversee the day-to-day operations of the authority. PowersThe board is granted the authority with a 7/9 supermajority of the voting members the powers to:[2]
The board is granted the authority with unanimous consent the powers to:
HistoryThe RTA has its beginnings in the Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Act of 1967 (Public Act 204).[3] A provision of the act specifically created the Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority (SEMTA), but provided the authority with no additional means to levy taxes or fees to fund the operations for the transit providers it had acquired. In 1974, facing a loss of funding from SEMTA and wanting more control of its transit affairs, Detroit's Department of Street Railways (DSR) restructured itself as the Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT).[5] On December 7, 1988, Public Act 204 was amended to restructure SEMTA, reducing the service area from seven counties to three, and excluding the city of Detroit.[5] The new transit authority was named the Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transit (SMART), and began operation on January 17, 1989. To continue limited coordination and development of services between DDOT and SMART, however, regional leaders representing the three-county area and Detroit filed articles of incorporation to form the Regional Transit Coordinating Council on January 12, 1989.[4] On December 19, 2012 Governor Rick Snyder signed Senate Bill No. 909 into law establishing the Regional Transit Authority (RTA), which included a provision allowing for the first time a way for such a regional transit authority to fund itself.[5] Almost one month later, US Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood announced that the M-1 Rail Line would receive US$25 million in federal funding as he had previously indicated such support was dependent on the creation of a regional transit authority for the Detroit region.[6] Along with oversight and coordination responsibilities for the Detroit Department of Transportation, Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation, Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority, and the Detroit Transportation Corporation, the authority was also established to create a single mass transit plan for the region, including the development, funding and operation of rapid transit along four major corridors in the metropolitan area. The new plan used as its basis the Comprehensive Regional Transit Service Plan, which was adopted on December 8, 2008.[7] The RTA chose HNTB to assist in the development of the Regional Master Transit Plan in 2015. Mass transitThe RTA does not operate any mass transit services, itself, but has coordinated one service brand. Bus serviceRefleX was a limited-stop, cross-county bus service which started operation on Labor Day weekend 2016.[8] The service consisted of a route on Woodward Avenue operated by DDOT connecting the Somerset Collection in Troy in Oakland County and Downtown Detroit, and two routes on Gratiot Avenue operated by SMART connecting Mount Clemens in Macomb County and Downtown Detroit (7 days a week) and four trips per weekday to Midtown Detroit.[8] The service ran from 5:00 AM to 1:00 AM on weekdays, 6:00 AM to 1:00 AM on Saturdays, and 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM on Sundays.[9] RefleX Gratiot service ended January 1, 2018,[10] and RefleX Woodward service ended April 21, 2018.[11]ProjectsIn early 2015, the RTA retained Parsons Brinkerhoff and AECOM to study improved mass transit along the corridors of Gratiot and Michigan avenues. The authority also took over oversight of the Woodward Avenue Alternative Analysis Rapid Transit Alternative study,[12] which found BRT (bus rapid tranist) as the locally preferred alternative as the improved mode of transit along a 27-mile stretch of Woodward Avenue.[13] The master plan was officially presented to the media and public on May 31, 2016 with highlights including plans for:[14][15]
The plan was approved by the board on August 4, 2016 with the $4.7 billion plan to go voters for approval on November 8, 2016.[16] The measure failed by a 50.5% to 49.5% margin, with 893,798 votes in favor and 912,033 against.[17] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Regional Transit Authority|url=|publisher=SEMCOG|accessdate=17 September 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Public Act No. 246|url=http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2013-2014/publicact/htm/2014-PA-0246.htm|website=legislature.mi.gov|publisher=State of Michigan|accessdate=13 February 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Act of 1967|url=http://www.legislature.mi.gov/%28S%282afokh45bnllpiydfgiae5je%29%29/mileg.aspx?page=getObject&objectname=mcl-act-204-of-1967|publisher=Michigan Legislature|accessdate=12 January 2014}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=History of Transit in Southeast Michigan Region|url=http://www.smartbus.org/aboutus/overview/Pages/History-of-Transit-in-Southeast-Michigan-Region-.aspx|work=SMART Overview|publisher=SMART|accessdate=12 January 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Senate Bill No. 909|url=http://www.semcog.org/uploadedFiles/Programs_and_Projects/Transportation/RTA%20Enrolled%20Senate%20Bill%20909.pdf|publisher=State of Michigan 96th Legislature|accessdate=17 September 2013}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 6. ^{{cite news |date= January 18, 2013 |title=M1 Rail: Ray LaHood, U.S. Transit Secretary, Announces $25 Million In Funding For Detroit Transit Plan|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/18/m1-rail-ray-lahood-detroit-25-million-woodward_n_2502335.html|publisher=HuffPost Detroit|accessdate=27 January 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Comprehensive Regional Transit Service Plan|url=http://www.semcog.org/RTCC.aspx|publisher=SEMCOG.org|accessdate=12 January 2014}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=RefleX|url=http://www.rtamichigan.org/reflex/|website=RTA of Southeast Michigan|accessdate=9 September 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Regional Transit Authority launches expanded service along Woodward and Gratiot|url=http://www.rtamichigan.org/wp-content/uploads/Final-Reflex-Press-Release-8-31-16.pdf|website=RTA of Southeast Michigan|accessdate=9 September 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=New Service Announcements|website=Ride SMART Bus|url=https://www.smartbus.org/About/News/ArtMID/707/ArticleID/268/New-Service-Announcements|date=15 December 2017|accessdate=30 July 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Transit Service Changes Effective April 21, 2018|website=Detroit Department of Transportation|url=http://detroitmi.gov/Government/Departments-and-Agencies/Detroit-Department-of-Transportation/DDOT-News-and-Alerts/ArticleID/2155/April-Service-Change-Meetings|date=17 April 2018|accessdate=30 July 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Woodward Avenue Rapid Transit Alternatives Analysis Locally Preferred Alternative|url=http://www.woodwardanalysis.com/pdfs/20141024_woodward%20AA_LPA_FINAL.pdf|publisher=Parsons Brinckerhoff|accessdate=19 April 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Woodward Avenue Rapid Transit Alternative Analysis|url=http://www.woodwardanalysis.com/|publisher=SEMCOG|accessdate=19 April 2015}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Lawrence|first1=Eric D.|title=$4.6B transit plan would connect Detroit, 4 counties|url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2016/05/31/detroit-rta-public-transportation/85089668/|accessdate=9 September 2016|publisher=Joyce Jenereaux|date=31 May 2016}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Regional Master Transit Plan Executive Summary|url=http://www.rtamichigan.org/wp-content/uploads/WEB_RTA_RMTP_Executive_Summary_FINAL-1.pdf|website=RTA of Southeast Michigan|accessdate=9 September 2016}} 16. ^{{cite news|last1=Lawrence|first1=Eric D.|title=Regional transit board OKs master plan to let voters decide|url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2016/08/04/rta-board-oks-master-plan-voters-decide-november/88062710/|accessdate=9 September 2016|publisher=Joyce Jenereaux|date=4 August 2016}} 17. ^{{cite news|last1=Witsil|first1=Frank|title=RTA millage rejected by metro Detroit voters|url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2016/11/09/rta-regional-transit-authority-millage/93535602/|accessdate=29 November 2016|work=Detroit Free Press|publisher=USA Today Network|date=9 November 2016}} External links
10 : Public transportation in Michigan|Metro Detroit|Transit agencies in the United States|Transportation in Detroit|Transportation in Macomb County, Michigan|Transportation in Oakland County, Michigan|Transportation in Washtenaw County, Michigan|Transportation in Wayne County, Michigan|Bus transportation in Michigan|Rapid transit in Michigan |
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