| 释义 |
- History Early period Expansion Empire of Brazil period Republican era Early 20th century Paulista War Late 20th century
- Geography Climate
- Demographics Major cities Religion Crime
- Government and politics
- Economy Tourism
- Education and science Educational institutions
- Infrastructure Transport Airports Railways Highways Ports Water
- Culture Cuisine Fine arts Museums
- Sports Corrida de São Silvestre Brazilian Grand Prix
- See also
- References Bibliography
- External links
{{About|the state|the city|São Paulo|other uses|São Paulo (disambiguation)}}{{short description|State of Brazil}}{{Infobox settlement| name = São Paulo
| official_name = Estado de São Paulo
State of São Paulo
| settlement_type = State
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Bandeira_do_estado_de_São_Paulo.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_shield = Bras%C3%A3o_do_estado_de_S%C3%A3o_Paulo.svg
| shield_alt =
| nickname = "Estado Bandeirante" (Bandeirante State) "Locomotiva do Brasil" (Locomotive of Brazil)
| motto = Pro Brasilia Fiant Eximia (Latin)
"Let great things be done for Brazil"
| anthem = Bandeirantes Anthem
| image_map = Sao Paulo in Brazil.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of State of São Paulo in Brazil
| coordinates = {{coord|23|32|S|46|38|W|type:adm1st_region:BR-SP|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}}
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = São Paulo
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = João Doria (PSDB)
| leader_title1 = Vice Governor
| leader_name1 = Rodrigo Garcia (DEM)
| leader_title2 = Senators
| leader_name2 = José Serra (PSDB)
Major Olímpio (PSL)
Mara Gabrilli (PSDB)
| legislature = Legislative Assembly
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_magnitude = 1 E11
| area_total_km2 = 248222.8
| area_rank = 12th
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 45,595,497
| population_as_of = 2018 est.
| population_footnotes = [1]
| population_density_km2 = 184
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_rank = 1st
| population_density_rank = 3rd
| population_demonym = Paulista
| population_note =
| demographics_type1 = GDP
| demographics1_footnotes = | demographics1_title1 = Year| demographics_type2 = HDI| demographics2_footnotes = | demographics2_title1 = Year| demographics2_info1 = 2010| timezone1 = BRT| utc_offset1 = -3| timezone1_DST = BRST| utc_offset1_DST = -2| postal_code_type = Postal Code| postal_code = 01000-000 to 19990-000| iso_code = BR-SP| website = www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br| demographics1_info1 = 2017| demographics1_title2 = Total| demographics1_info2 = US$1.119 trillion (PPP)[{{cite web|title=PIB TRIMESTRAL DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO|url=http://www.seade.gov.br/produtos/midia/2018/02/PIB_Trim_4_2017.pdf|website=Seade|publisher=Sao Paulo State Government|accessdate=18 March 2018}}]
3. ^Newsletter 3 Pib
4. ^Newsletter 3 Pib
5. ^Newsletter 3 Pib
6. ^http://atlasbrasil.org.br/2013/data/rawData/RadarIDHM_Analise.pdf
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.saopaulo.voith.com/v_saopaulo_n_a_cidade.htm|title=São Paulo – "A Locomotiva do Brasil"|accessdate=2 September 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66RErMuqe?url=http://www.saopaulo.voith.com/v_saopaulo_n_a_cidade.htm|archivedate=25 March 2012|language=Portuguese|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.internationaloffice.unicamp.br/english/international-visitors/about/sao-paulo-state/|title=São Paulo State |publisher=UNICAMP in English}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Os estados mais violentos do Brasil |url=https://exame.abril.com.br/brasil/os-estados-mais-violentos-do-brasil-3/|website=exame.abril.com.br|publisher=Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública|accessdate=12 May 2018|ref=11º Anuário de Segurança Pública|language=pt-BR|date=2017-11-04}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Mapa da Violência|url=https://www.mapadaviolencia.org.br/publicacoes/Mapa iole cia_1.pdf|website=Mapa da Violência|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=12 May 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web |title=Brasil registra mais de 26 mil assassinatos no 1º semestre de 2018 |url=https://g1.globo.com/monitor-da-violencia/noticia/2018/08/28/brasil-registra-mais-de-26-mil-assassinatos-no-1o-semestre-de-2018.ghtml |website=G1 |publisher=NEV-USP |accessdate=29 August 2018 |language=pt-BR}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/10/forget-the-nation-state-cities-will-transform-the-way-we-conduct-foreign-affairs/ |title=Forget the nation-state: cities will transform the way we conduct foreign affairs |publisher=World Economic Forum |date=4 October 2016 |accessdate=4 October 2016}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://super.abril.com.br/cotidiano/sao-paulo-se-separasse-brasil-535990.shtml |title=E se......São Paulo se separasse do Brasil? |publisher=Superinteressante |date=February 2010 |accessdate=22 May 2014|language=Portuguese}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://unesp.br/international/ic_brazil.php|title=Unesp International Students|website=unesp.br}}
15. ^{{cite web | title=Essa Gente Paulista – Italianos | publisher=Sao Paulo's State Government | url=http://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/conhecasp/gente-paulista_italianos | accessdate=22 August 2011 | archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/618Rrm1RN?url=http://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/conhecasp/gente-paulista_italianos | archivedate=22 August 2011 | language=Portuguese | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all }}
16. ^Rachel Lawrence: 2010, p. 183
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bibliotecavirtual.sp.gov.br/pdf/saopaulo-geografia.pdf|title=GEOGRAFIA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO|date=March 2007|publisher=Virtual Library of the State of São Paulo|accessdate=19 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seade.gov.br/produtos/anuario/mostra_tabela.php?anos=2003&tema=car&tabpesq=car2003_01&tabela=null|title=CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO TERRITÓRIO: DIVISÃO, POSIÇÃO E EXTENSÃO|date=2003|publisher=Fundação Seade|work=Anuário Estatístico do Estado de São Paulo 2003|accessdate=19 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ovale.com.br/regiao/area-da-pedra-da-mina-vai-virar-patrimonio-natural-de-sp-1.421782|title=Área da Pedra da Mina vai virar patrimônio natural de SP|author=Chico Pereira|date=6 July 2013|publisher=Portal O Vale|accessdate=19 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cbh.gov.br/DataGrid/GridSaoPaulo.aspx|title=Comitês das bacias hidrográficas do estado de São Paulo|publisher=Portal CBH|accessdate=11 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.itaipu.gov.br/energia/rio-parana|title=RIO PARANÁ|publisher=Portal Itaipu|accessdate=19 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.biodiversityreporting.org/index.php?pageId=sub&lang=pt_BR¤tItem=article&docId=7902&c=Brasil&cRef=Brazil&year=2004&date=outubro+2003|title=Rio Paranapanema da nascente à foz|accessdate=26 July 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/60TIu5cZV?url=http://www.biodiversityreporting.org/index.php?pageId=sub|archivedate=26 July 2011|language=Portuguese|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riotiete.com.br/site/|title=Rio Tietê faz aniversário!|author=Denis|date=23 September 2010|accessdate=26 July 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/60THduR7J?url=http://www.riotiete.com.br/site/|archivedate=26 July 2011|language=Portuguese|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://mundoestranho.abril.com.br/materia/qual-e-a-cidade-mais-alta-do-brasil |title=Qual é a cidade mais alta do Brasil? |publisher=Mundo Estranho |author=Viviane Palladino |accessdate=7 June 2013}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www2.johnabbott.qc.ca/webpages/departments/geoscience/intro/Koppen/KoppenMap.htm|publisher=|title=Koppen climate map|date=|accessdate=19 January 2010|language=Portuguese|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5uNhDXR7h?url=http://www2.johnabbott.qc.ca/webpages/departments/geoscience/intro/Koppen/KoppenMap.htm|archive-date=20 November 2010|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
26. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cpa.unicamp.br/outras-informacoes/clima-dos-municipios-paulistas.html|title=A CLASSIFICAÇÃO CLIMÁTICA DE KOEPPEN PARA O ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO.|author=MIRANDA, Marina J. de. |display-authors=etal |publisher=Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Aplicadas à Agricultura (CEPAGRI)|accessdate=11 February 2014|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6NJTEn3C3?url=http://www.cpa.unicamp.br/outras-informacoes/clima-dos-municipios-paulistas.html|archivedate=11 February 2014|language=Portuguese|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jcom.com.br/pesquisahistorica/leitura/134022|title=26 de junho de 1918 – Registro de Neve em São Paulo?|date=26 June 1918|publisher=Jornal do Comércio|accessdate=11 February 2014|language=Portuguese|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225042221/http://www.jcom.com.br/pesquisahistorica/leitura/134022|archive-date=25 December 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marica.rj.gov.br/defesa/geadas.php|title=Geadas|publisher=Prefeitura de Maricá/RJ|accessdate=11 February 2014|language=Portuguese}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/bda/tabela/protabl.asp?c=262&i=P&nome=on¬arodape=on&tab=262&unit=0&pov=1&opc1=1&poc2=1&OpcTipoNivt=1&opn1=0&nivt=0&orc86=3&poc1=1&orp=6&qtu3=27&opv=1&poc86=1&sec1=0&opc2=1&pop=1&opn2=0&orv=2&orc2=5&qtu2=5&sev=93&sev=1000093&opc86=1&sec2=0&opp=f1&opn3=u31&sec86=0&sec86=2776&sec86=2777&sec86=2778&sec86=2779&sec86=2780&sec86=2781&ascendente=on&sep=48319&orn=1&qtu7=9&orc1=4&qtu1=1&cabec=on&pon=1&OpcCara=44&proc=1&opn7=0&decm=99 |title=Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática (SIDRA) |publisher=IBGE|accessdate=January 8, 2015}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lorenzato.org.br/nordeste%20em%20busca%20de%20investidores.asp|title=Fundaçãolo Lorenzato|publisher=|access-date=2008-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120122118/http://www.lorenzato.org.br/nordeste%20em%20busca%20de%20investidores.asp|archive-date=2008-11-20|dead-url=yes|df=}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.japan-talk.com/jt/new/6-biggest-Japanese-communities-outside-Japan |title=6 Biggest Japanese Communities Outside Japan |publisher=Japan Talk |accessdate=January 8, 2015}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://culturnicity.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/phd-academic-paper.pdf|title=The Syrian-Lebanese diaspora in São Paulo, Brazil|publisher=}}
33. ^{{Cite journal |title=Revisiting the Genetic Ancestry of Brazilians Using Autosomal AIM-Indels |journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=9|pages=e75145|date=2013-09-20|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0075145|pmid=24073242|pmc=3779230|last1=Saloum De Neves Manta|first1=Fernanda|last2=Pereira|first2=Rui|last3=Vianna|first3=Romulo|last4=Rodolfo Beuttenmüller De Araújo|first4=Alfredo|last5=Leite Góes Gitaí|first5=Daniel|last6=Aparecida Da Silva|first6=Dayse|last7=De Vargas Wolfgramm|first7=Eldamária|last8=Da Mota Pontes|first8=Isabel|last9=Ivan Aguiar|first9=José|last10=Ozório Moraes|first10=Milton|last11=Fagundes De Carvalho|first11=Elizeu|last12=Gusmão|first12=Leonor|bibcode=2013PLoSO...875145S}}
34. ^{{cite journal|title=Genomic ancestry of a sample population from the state of São Paulo, Brazil |date=2006-08-17 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.20474 |pmid = 16917899|volume=18 |issue=5 |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |pages=702–705|last1=Ferreira |first1=Luzitano Brandão |last2=Mendes |first2=Celso Teixeira |last3=Wiezel |first3=Cláudia Emília Vieira |last4=Luizon |first4=Marcelo Rizzatti |last5=Simões |first5=Aguinaldo Luiz }}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.polmil.sp.gov.br/inicial.asp|title=Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo - Institucional|publisher=|access-date=2009-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114160910/http://www.polmil.sp.gov.br/inicial.asp|archive-date=2009-01-14|dead-url=yes|df=}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Constituicao/Constituicao.htm#art144|title=CONSTITUIÇÃO DA REPÚBLICA FEDERATIVA DO BRASIL DE 1988|website=www.planalto.gov.br}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2016/10/28/mortes-caem-12-no-pais-latrocinio-cresce-78.htm|title=Lista de estados e capitais mais violentos|author=Waiselfisz, Julio Jacobo |date=2016|publisher=G1|accessdate=6 April 2016}}
38. ^{{cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/eleicoes/2018/noticia/2018/10/28/joao-doria-do-psdb-e-eleito-governador-de-sao-paulo.ghtml |title=João Doria, do PSDB, é eleito governador de São Paulo |work=G1 |language= portuguese |date= 28 October 2018 |accessdate=9 March 2019}}
39. ^Costa, De Leon Petta Gomes da. São Paulo: Brazil’s Geopolitical Anchor of Resistance. In Towards New Political Geography, 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2018. https://www.pdf-archive.com/2018/01/23/towards-new-political-geography-chapter-7/towards-new-political-geography-chapter-7.pdf
40. ^Regional Accounts 2012, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 2013
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seruniversitario.com.br |title=Universidades em São Paulo |publisher=Seruniversitario.com.br |date= |accessdate=2014-08-24}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/estadosat/temas.php?sigla=sp&tema=educacao2009 |title=Ensino - matrículas, docentes e rede escolar 2009 |publisher=IBGE |date= |accessdate=2011-08-22}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.copa2014.gov.br/pt-br/node/42847 |title=New terminal in Guarulhos increases the airport's capacity to 42 million passengers per year |publisher=Portal da Copa |date=May 21, 2014}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gru.com.br/Content/Media/5ae71d43-a832-400c-836e-74fad123b567.pdf|title=Resumo de movimentação aeroportuária - GRU Airport|publisher=}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infraero.gov.br/images/stories/Estatistica/2013/ret/dez.pdf|title= Airport Statistics for 2013|publisher=}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,metro-tera-primeira-estacao-fora-de-sp-so-em-2016,871659 |title=Metrô terá primeira estação fora de SP só em 2016 |publisher=O Estado de S. Paulo |language= portuguese |date=May 11, 2012 |accessdate=January 8, 2015}}
47. ^{{Cite web|url= http://www.transportes.sp.gov.br/infraestrutura_/rodoviario.asp|title = Infraestrutura Rodoviária|publisher = Government of the State of São Paulo|accessdate = 19 November 2013|language=Portuguese}}
48. ^1 http://www.der.sp.gov.br/institucional/todasnoticias.aspx?ID_Noticias=66
49. ^{{cite web|author=Izidoro Alencar|title=Pedágio para cruzar o país pela BR-101 é menor que no Estado de SP|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/cotidiano/ult95u669985.shtml|publisher=Folha de S.Paulo|accessdate=2 February 2015|date=22 December 2009|language=Portuguese}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://noticias.r7.com/sao-paulo/noticias/estado-de-sao-paulo-ganha-um-pedagio-a-cada-40-dias-20100628.html|title=Estado de São Paulo ganha um pedágio a cada 40 dias – São Paulo – R7|publisher=r7.com|accessdate=2 February 2015|language=Portuguese}}
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://pre-sal.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=215&Itemid=135|title=São Paulo|date=2010|publisher=|accessdate=23 August 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/619ke7AMs?url=http://pre-sal.info/index.php?option=com_content|archivedate=23 August 2011|language=Portuguese|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
Bibliography - {{cite book|last=Lawrence|first=Rachel|title=Brazil|editor=Alyse Dar|publisher=Apa Publications GmbH & Co. / Discovery Channel|date=January 2010|edition=Seventh|pages=183–204|ref=Lawrence69}}
External links{{Sister project links|São Paulo (state)|voy=São Paulo (state)}}- Official website {{pt icon}}
- State Assembly {{pt icon}}
- State Judiciary {{pt icon}}
- {{osmrelation-inline|298204}}
{{Brazil topics}}{{States of Brazil}}{{São Paulo state}}{{Subdivisions of the State of São Paulo}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sao Paulo (State)}} 2 : São Paulo (state)|States of Brazil |