请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 RepRisk
释义

  1. History

  2. Methodology

     Research scope and process  RepRisk Index (RRI)   RepRisk Rating (RRR)    RepRisk UN Global Compact Violator Flag  

  3. External use of data

  4. Data products and services

  5. Publications and research

      Annual Most Controversial Companies Report    Annual Most Controversial Projects Report   Additional reports  Research 

  6. Partners

  7. Awards

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}{{Infobox company
| name = RepRisk AG
| logo =RepRisk-logo.png
| type = Private
| foundation = 1998
| location = Zurich, Switzerland
| key_people = Dr. Philipp Aeby (CEO)
| homepage = http://www.reprisk.com
}}RepRisk AG is an environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) data science company, specialized in ESG and business conduct risk research and quantitative solutions. RepRisk is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland.[1][2][3]

The company runs an online searchable database on the risk exposure of companies, projects, sectors and countries related to ESG issues.[1] It methodically assesses on a daily basis the risks, allegations, and criticism related to issues such as environmental degradation, human rights abuses, child labor, forced labor, fraud and corruption that can impact an organization's reputation, financial profitability, or lead to compliance issues.[2][3][7][8][9][10][11] The database is used by financial institutions and corporations as a risk research and monitoring tool.

The database includes as of October 2018 over 110,000 companies[2] and 27,000 projects reported to have links to [https://www.issgovernance.com/esg/reprisk/ ESG] [https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2017/07/27/esg-reports-and-ratings-what-they-are-why-they-matter/ risks].[3][14] The database also analyzes ESG risks related to sectors and countries. It also includes data on ESG issues and topics, over 18,000 NGOs, and over 13,000 governmental bodies.

History

RepRisk was formed in 1998 as ECOFACT, a Zurich-based environmental and social risk consultancy focused on the financial sector. In 2006, its ESG risk database was created at the request of a banking client. In 2010, RepRisk split from the consultancy and became an independent company.[4]

Methodology

Research scope and process

RepRisk screens on a daily basis about 80,000 public sources and external stakeholders, including international and local print and online media, news websites, newsletters, NGOs, governmental bodies, think tanks, blogs and Twitter,[7] in 20 languages. This screening is done to identify companies and projects that have been linked to ESG-related risk events. RepRisk monitors 28 ESG issues (for example local pollution, child labor or tax evasion) and 57 topic tags, or "hot topics" (such as palm oil, Arctic drilling, indigenous people, coal, or water scarcity).[3][5][6] The research scope is defined in accordance with international standards and norms, such as the ten principles of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC).[3]

The analysis process has multiple steps and is entirely rules-based. Artificial and human intelligence help translate big data into curated research and metrics. The first step is the screening of the sources through a proprietary artificial intelligence tool, where risk incidents are being pre-selected through advanced text and metadata extraction from unstructured content and undergo multilingual de-duplication and clustering processes. An analyst then studies the adverse incidents to define the severity and novelty of the event, in line with international standards.The relevant entities such as companies, projects, sectors, and countries, are linked to the risk event and a title and summary are written. After that, the news undergo a quality check, before the data is added to the database, the RepRisk ESG Risk Platform.[4][7]

RepRisk Index (RRI)

The RepRisk Index (RRI) is a proprietary risk metric that quantifies a company's exposure to ESG and business conduct risks. The RRI score can range from zero (lowest) to 100 (highest) and the higher the value of the score, the higher the risk exposure. Companies that have been exposed to higher levels of criticism in the past are less sensitive to new adverse events and allegations, in comparison to a company that experiences a first-time incident. If a company does not experience new criticism, their score will eventually drop to zero over a maximum period of two years.[8][9]

A Current RRI value indicates the current media and stakeholder exposure of a company, project, sector or country. The Peak RRI is an overall risk exposure indicator that indicates the highest level of criticism over the past two years.citation needed

The RRI score is calculated based on a number of factors, including the influence of the source of the information, the frequency and timing of criticisms, and the novelty and severity of the criticism.

There are also risk metrics for projects, sectors, countries, and other entities.

RepRisk Rating (RRR)

The RepRisk Rating (RRR) is a proprietary risk metric ranging from AAA to D, similar to a credit rating but for ESG risks. It is available for companies only. It combines a company’s own ESG risk exposure with the ESG risk exposure of the countries and sectors in which the company has been exposed to risks. Both the Rating and the RRI are updated daily for all companies in the [https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2017/07/27/esg-reports-and-ratings-what-they-are-why-they-matter/][null database].[9][10]

RepRisk UN Global Compact Violator Flag

It allows to identify companies that have a high or a potential risk of violating one or more of the ten UNGC Principles. With the Flag, it is also possible to see if the UNGC violations are primarily linked to the operations or to the supply chain  of a company.[11]

External use of data

  • FactSet used RepRisk as their first third party provider of environment, social, and governance (ESG) and business conduct risk data on the new Open:Factset Marketplace Platform.
  • UBS was RepRisk's first client and in 2010, as part of a broader corporate responsibility initiative, UBS expanded its global compliance database to include information gathered about environmental and social risks by RepRisk. The data is applied to companies, prospective sourcing partners and investment clients to identify risks that could impact the bank's reputation and financial performance.[12][13] In 2011, UBS expanded its global compliance database to include information on environmental and social issues provided by RepRisk, a global research firm specialized in environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) risk analytics and metrics. This was done in an effort to mitigate environmental and social risks that could impact the bank's reputation or financial performance and to simultaneously help globally standardize and systematically implement the firm's due diligence processes. RepRisk data is used in the on-boarding process to screen potential new clients and sourcing partners, alongside periodic client reviews and, also, to evaluate the risks related to transactions in investment banking and institutional lending.[14][15]
  • Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) / RobecoSAM: RobecoSAM uses RepRisk as part of the Media and Stakeholder Analysis section of its Corporate Sustainability Assessment for the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, in order to identify companies' involvement in environmental, economic and social situations that may have a damaging effect on their reputation and core business.[16][17] Once a company is listed on the DJSI, it is monitored daily for any critical arising issues, which can lead to the exclusion of the company if deemed critical enough. Examples of events that would lead to exclusion include: commercial practices, human rights abuses, layoffs or worker disputes, or catastrophic disasters. This monitoring is supported by RepRisk, a global research firm and provider of environmental, social and governance (ESG) risk data. RepRisk screens media outlets, stakeholder groups and other publicly available sources to identify risks related to these issues. The information gathered is then systematically analyzed and quantified. If a critical event happens, the situation is analyzed by RobecoSAM for the scope in which it reaches. If large enough, the event will be analyzed further based on severity, media coverage, and crisis management. RobecoSAM analysts decide from here whether the company will be excluded from the DJSI. An assurance report is completed by Deloitte to ensure the validity of the company's [https://www.greenbiz.com/article/are-we-experiencing-groundhog-day-esg-information information.][18]
  • FTSE: RepRisk data is among the ESG data providers used by FTSE in their ESG methodology for various benchmarks.[19]
  • The Norwegian Global Pension Fund selected RepRisk in 2009. RepRisk was selected again in 2013.[20][21] To support the ethical screening process, the Council on Ethics works with RepRisk ESG Business Intelligence, a global research firm and provider of environmental, social and governance (ESG) risk data. RepRisk monitors the companies in the Norwegian Pension Fund's portfolio for issues such as severe human rights violations, particularly regarding child labor, forced labor, and violations of individual rights in conflict areas, as well as gross environmental degradation and corruption. RepRisk has been working with the Council on Ethics since 2009 and in 2014, re-won the tender for ESG data provision for 2014-2017.[22]
  • First State Investments: RepRisk is used to screen companies in their portfolios and for company engagement.[23]
  • BASF: RepRisk data is used in part to screen the suppliers of BASF for ESG-related risks.[24]
  • The Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) uses RepRisk data as an input for the development of sustainability accounting standards by supporting its evidence-based research.[25]
  • Carbon Disclosure Project: RepRisk's data serves as an input in the evaluation of companies for CDP's Climate Performance Leaders and Water Performance Leaders, which outlines the top companies around the world that are doing the most to combat climate change and to manage their water resources, respectively. RepRisk's data adds to the current evaluation process by validating company-provided information and clarifying how a company's policies, commitments and initiatives translate into performance.[42][26][27]{{Citation needed|date=April 2015}}
  • UN-supported Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI): The RepRisk database is used by the UNPRI's Investment Engagement team.[42]
  • Global 100 Ranking: RepRisk's assessment data was incorporated in the sanctions portion of the screening of the Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World annual ranking and sustainability equity index managed by Corporate Knights Capital.[28][29]
  • World's Most Ethical Companies ranking: RepRisk's data is used as part of the 2015 evaluation process to validate self-reported scores provided by companies who completed the Ethics Quotient survey, the underlying framework for the World's Most Ethical Companies designation published by Ethisphere.[30][31][32]
  • 2014 Newsweek Green Rankings: Newsweek incorporated RepRisk assessments of reputational risk for companies for the "Reputation Score" indicator in their 2014 Green Rankings. The Newsweek Green Rankings are one of the world's most recognized assessments of corporate environmental [https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2017/07/27/esg-reports-and-ratings-what-they-are-why-they-matter/ performance].[33]
  • Ecolab: RepRisk’s Industry and Country Risk scores are available in the risk analysis section of the Water Risk Monetizer developed by Ecolab.

Data products and services

RepRisk data is available in various formats and products. The ESG Risk Platform is RepRisk's online searchable database for ESG risks related to companies, projects, sectors, and countries. The database is used by financial institutions and corporations as a risk research and monitoring tool. As of October 2018, the database includes over 110,000 publicly traded and privately held companies and 27,000 projects reported to have links to ESG risks. The database also analyzes ESG risks related to sectors and countries. It also includes data on ESG issues and topics, over 18,000 NGOs, and over 13,000 governmental bodies.

It is also possible to access RepRisk data via data feeds, exports of quantitative data which can be tailored and which are integrated into a client’s internal systems and processes. These are used to screen and monitor large sets of data in areas such as banking, underwriting, asset management, and supply chain.

RepRisk Benchmarking Briefs benchmark the ESG risk exposure for up to ten companies and are available for purchase via online [https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2017/07/27/esg-reports-and-ratings-what-they-are-why-they-matter/ shop].

RepRisk Company Reports are PDF reports that outline the ESG and business conduct risks for a single company. They are available for purchase via an online [https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2017/07/27/esg-reports-and-ratings-what-they-are-why-they-matter/ shop]. Supplier Monitoring Briefs and Portfolio Monitoring Reports are also available. These are PDF reports provided on a monthly or quarterly basis that identify companies in a supplier list or investment portfolio that are most exposed to ESG risks and are most likely to violate internal policies, ethical guidelines, or international standards.

Publications and research

Annual Most Controversial Companies Report

RepRisk releases a yearly ranking of the top ten most controversial companies in the world, related to ESG issues.[34] The ranking is based on the companies that have the highest RRI over a particular year.[12][13][20][35][36]

Rank 2009 2010[60] 2012[61] 2013[62] 2014[37]201520162017
1 Peanut Corporation of America Transocean Ltd Tazreen Fashions Ltd International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) Chonghaejin Marine CompanyRuihai International Logistics Co1Malaysia Development BerhadThe Weinstein Company
2 Vedanta Resources BP PLC Olympus Corp Punta Fa SL (Mango) Takata CorpUberMossack FonsecaKobe Steel Ltd (Kobelco)
3 Newmont Mining Corporation Vedanta Resources PLC Lonmin PLC Comigel SAS Chang Guann CompanySamarco Mineração SASamarco MineraçãoJ&F Investimentos SA
4 Rio Tinto ExxonMobil Corporation News Corp Ltd HSBC Holdings PLC Zhongrong Metal ProductsTakata CorpJiangsu Changlong Chemicals Co LtdAppleby Global Group Services Ltd (Paradise Papers)
5 Walmart Foxconn Electronics Inc Samsung Group Findus Group Ltd UberBlue Bell Creameries LPDaewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME)/UnaoilStalreiniging Barneveld (Chickfriend)
6 Siemens Chevron Group HSBC Holdings PLC Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd International Federation of Association Football (FIFA)HSBC Private Bank (Suisse) Equifax Inc
7 KBR BG Group PLC Reebok International Ltd GlaxoSmithKline PLC Dongguan Shinyang ElectronicsSony CorpRizal Commercial Banking Corp(RCBC)Rolls-Royce Holdings PLC
8 ExxonMobil Corporation Royal Dutch Shell ING Bank NV BNP Paribas SA General MotorsVolkswagen AGLotte GroupOdebrecht SA
9 BP PLC Sinar Mas Group Wyeth LLC ICAP PLC KT ENS CorpFédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)Volkswagen AGPetroleos de Venezuela SA
10 BHP Billiton Magyar Aluminium TeliaSonera AB Samsung Group Neiman Marcus Group1Malaysia Development Berhad / Odebrecht SA / General Motors / Honda Motor CompanyOdebrecht SATransnet SOC Ltd

Annual Most Controversial Projects Report

Since 2013, RepRisk releases a yearly ranking of the top ten most controversial projects in the world, related to ESG issues.[34] The ranking is based on the projects that have the highest RRI over a particular year.

Rank20132014201520162017
1Rana PlazaKunshan Zhongrong Metmmigration FactoryRajput Polyester FactoryFengcheng Power Plant Phase 3Grenfell Tower
2Pegasus PipelineBuenavista del Cobre Mine (Cananea Mine)Valenzuela Slipper FactoryHong’ao Landfill (Hong Ao Landfill; Hongao Construction Waste Dump)Ctrip Day Care Center
3Big Gossan MineSoma Komur Isletmeleri MineVostochnyi Spaceport (Vostochny Kosmodrom)ETP Crude Pipeline Project (Bakken pipeline; Dakota Access Pipeline)Fu Yuan Lu Leng 999 Vessel
4Four Rivers Refurbishment ProjectAbbot Point Port ExpansionTia Mia Gold Mining ProjectAliso Canyon Natural Gas Storage FacilityBrook House Immigration Removal Centre
5Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power PlantMauna Ocean ResortAngra 3 Nuclear ReactorSports Direct Shirebrook WarehouseNord Stream 2 Gas Pipeline
6Foxconn Zhengzhou Technology Park2022 FIFA World CupHpakant Gyi Jade Mine / Carmichael Coal Mine / Rail Project (Galilee Basin Project)Petroquimica Mexicana de Vinilo (PMV) PlantJalabiyaCement Works
7Gyama Polymetallic MineMount Polley MineIlha Pura Olympic VillageAgua Zarca Hydroelectric ProjectOPL 245 Oil Block
8Mtwara Dar es Salaam PipelineQingdao PortLong Lake Oil Sands ProjectTongi Packaging Plant (Tampaco Foils)Changwon Jinhae Shipyard
9Rustenburg Chrome MineMoscow MetroFormosa Fun Coast Water ParkAngra dos Reis Nuclear Complex (Almirante Alvaro Alberto Nuclear Complex) / Jinshangou Coal MineGuangzhou No 7 Thermal Power Plant
10San Jose del Progreso Gold and SilverDan River Steam StationGrand Mosque Expansion ProjectImperial Pacific Resort Hotel

Additional reports

  • Special Report on Migrant Labor (September 2018)([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/55-migrant-labor/reprisk-special-report-migrant-labor.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Coal-fired Power Plants (June 2018)([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/54-coal-fired-power-plants/reprisk-special-report-coal-fired-power-plants.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Projects of 2017 (March 2018)([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/most-controversial-projects-of-2017/reprisk-most-controversial-projects-of-2017-report.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Companies of 2017 (January 2018)([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/most-controversial-companies-of-2017/mcc-2017.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Oil and Gas sector (July 2017)([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/reprisk-special-report-on-oil-gas-sector/oil-and-gas-special-report.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Ten Years of Global Banking Scandals (May 2017)([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/ten-years-of-global-banking-scandals/repriskreport-banking.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Projects of 2016 (March 2017)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905225912/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/49-most-controversial-projects-of-2016/mcp-2016.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Companies of 2016 (January 2017)([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/47-most-controversial-companies-of-2016/mcc-2016.pdf link])
  • Sector Benchmarking Report on the Retail sector (December 2016)([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/sector-benchmarking-reports/sector-benchmarking-report/sector-benchmarking-report-retail.pdf link])
  • Sector Benchmarking Report on the Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology sector (October 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905184436/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/2-sector-benchmarking-reports/3-pharmaceuticals-and-biotechnology/sector-benchmarking-report-pharma.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Human trafficking (September 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185925/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/44-special-report-on-human-trafficking/human-trafficking.pdf link])
  • Special Report ASEAN Series: Myanmar (August 2016)([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/44-asean-series-myanmar/reprisk-special-report-asean-series-myanmar.pdf link])
  • Special Report ASEAN Series: Philippines (July 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185516/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/41-special-report-asean-philippines/special-report-asean-philippines.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Tax Optimization (June 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905190400/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/40-special-report-tax-optimization/reprisk-special-report-tax-optimization.pdf link])
  • Special Report ASEAN Series: Malaysia (May 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185224/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/1-asean-series-malaysia/asean-series-malaysia.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Forced Labor (April 2016)([https://web.archive.org/web/20170905225621/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/2-forced-labor/reprisk-special-report-forced-labor.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Projects of 2015(March 2016) ([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/4-most-controversial-projects-of-2015/most-controversial-projects-2015.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Uber Technologies Inc (February 2016) ([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/special-report-uber-technologies-inc/special-report-uber-technologies-inc.pdf link])
  • Special Report ASEAN Series: Lower Mekong Delta – Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam (February 2016) ([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/6-asean-series-lower-mekong-delta-cambodia-laos-thailand-and-vietnam/asean-series-lower-mekong-delta.pdf link])
  • Special Report on the Most Controversial Companies of 2015 (January 2016) ([https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/7-most-controversial-companies-of-2015/mcc-2015.pdf link])
  • Special Report ASEAN Series: Indonesia (December 2015) [https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/39-asean-series-indonesia/reprisk-special-report-asean-series-indonesia.pdf (link)]
  • Joint Special Report on Negligence (November 2015) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20151208165230/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Joint-Special-Report-on-Negligence.pdf link])
  • Joint Special Report on Privacy Issues (June 2015) [https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/2015-06-26-reprisk-and-gec-risk-advisory-joint-special/2015-06-26-reprisk-and-gec-risk-advisory-joint-special.pdf (link])
  • Special Report on Seabed Mining and Deep Sea Drilling (June 2015) ([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/2015-06-02-reprisk-special-report-on-seabed-mining-and-deep/2015-06-02-reprisk-special-report-on-seabed-mining-and-deep.pdf link])
  • Special Report on ESG risks in Colombia (December 2014) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150406131211/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/150211-ESG-Risk-in-Colombia_final.pdf link])[38]
  • Special Report on Indigenous Communities (September 2014) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150408003148/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/140912-RepRisk-Special-Report-Indigenous-Communities-final.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Most Controversial Mining Projects (August 2014) ([https://www.reprisk.com/publications/special-reports/2014-08-27-reprisk-releases-report-on-most-controversial/2014-08-27-reprisk-releases-report-on-most-controversial.pdf link])
  • Special Report on MINT countries (February 2014) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150406223432/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/140224-RepRisk-MINT-ReportLoRes.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Consumer electronics (December 2013) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160313131551/https://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/131218-RepRisk-Special-Report_Consumer-Electronics.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Report on Arctic Drilling (June 2013) (link)
  • Special Report on BRIC countries (December 2012) ([https://platform.reprisk.com/downloads/mccreports/27/MCC%20BRIC%20Report%20FINAL.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Water Scarcity (November 2011) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20170912192849/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/1-special-reports/22-2011-11-09-reprisk-report-on-water-scarcity/2011-11-09-reprisk-report-on-water-scarcity.pdf link])
  • Special Report on Tar Sands (August 2011) (link)
  • Special Report on "Fracking" (June 2011) (link)

Research

  • The Effect Of Bad News On Credit Risk (Research Study): Julian Koelbel, a PhD student at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, used RepRisk data in the research study: The effect of bad news on credit risk: a media based view of the pricing of corporate social responsibility. The paper, which won an Award for Excellence in Responsible Investment Research at the UN PRI's annual Academic Network conference in 2013, highlighted that more negative news on CSR issues are associated with higher credit default swap spreads.[39] The study is published in the Strategic Management Journal.
  • ESG Alpha in China (Research Study): Michael Barnett of the Centre for Corporate Reputation at Oxford University, and Jimmy Chen, Andreas Hoepner and Qian Li from the Centre for Responsible Banking & Finance at the University of St Andrews, used RepRisk data as the basis for their recent research paper, "ESG Alpha in China." The research paper, which investigated the effect of ESG risks on the share performance of Chinese firms and found that ESG criteria can be used to generate alpha for investments in Chinese companies, won the European PRI award in the category of Investment Strategy.[40]
  • Kepler Cheuvreux: Kepler Cheuvreux and Affectio Mutandi included RepRisk data in their Soft Law Violation & Liability research report, one of a series of reports produced by the company surrounding business ethics.[41] Kepler Cheuvreux also featured RepRisk in its “The Responsible Investor Playbook” published in [null]2016.
  • RepRisk and CSRHub published a joint research report in May 2015 on the relationship between perceived CSR performance (based on CSRHub data) and reputational risk exposure related to ESG issues (based on RepRisk data).[42][43]
  • ESG Performance of European investment funds. [44]
  • The effect of bad news on reputation and shareprice: An emprical survey.[45]
  • Does Corporate Social Responsibility Benefit Society? Jun Li, University of Michigan, Stephen M. Ross School of Business, and Di (Andrew) Wu, University of Michigan, [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2853877 Stephen M. Ross School of Business] (2017).
  • The Relationship between Sustainability Performance and Sustainability Disclosure—Reconciling Voluntary Disclosure Theory and Legitimacy Theory[46]
  • How Media Coverage of Corporate Social Irresponsibility Increases Financial Risk[47]
  • Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Reputation Risk[48]
  • The Price of Ignoring ESG Risks[49]

Partners

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
  • Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)
  • Corporate Excellence
  • Corporate Knights
  • CQI | IRCA
  • GEC Risk Advisory
  • The Japan Research Institute
  • UN's Principles for Responsible Investment initiative
  • World Resources Institute (WRI)
{{div col end}}In September 2015, it was announced that RepRisk entered into a strategic partnership with Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) in order to serve asset managers and asset owners.[50][51]

In October 2015, it was announced that RepRisk's data had been made available for research purposes to universities through a partnership with the Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS) research platform at the Wharton School.[52][53][54]

In November 2016, RepRisk enters into a data partnership with [https://www.bvdinfo.com/getattachment/b3c8ebd5-d5eb-4101-a48a-d51ccf22b0f5/Bureau-van-Dijk-to-provide-environmental,-social-a.aspx Bureau van Dijk], a publisher of company information.

RepRisk data is in part available through financial data distribution providers such as FactSet, Interactive Data Corporation, SIX Financial Information, and SunGard.

Awards

  • RepRisk is recognized as meeting [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905225832/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/reprisk-recognized-meeting-gold-standard-050000427.html Gold Standard in ESG data] by industry experts, Deep Data Delivery [https://svl-deepdata.appspot.com/ Standards].
  • RepRisk was ranked as the best Risk Analytics firm in the SRI & Corporate Governance research value chains in the 2014 IRRI Survey by WeConvene Extel (Thomson Reuters) and SRI-Connect.[82]
  • In March 2013 RepRisk was awarded by the Swiss Government's Commission for Technology and Innovation (CTI) a research grant, together with the Zurich University for Applied Sciences (ZHAW), to assess and develop tools using RepRisk data that support ESG transparency in supply chain.[55] {{Citation needed|date=April 2015}}
  • RepRisk received the award for ‘Most Important Innovation in Sustainability’ at the Sustainability Congress 2011 in Bonn in May 2011.[84]

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/07/business/dealbook/investing-with-a-conscience-but-done-by-a-robot.html|title=Investing With a Conscience, but Done by a Robot|last=Gelles|first=David|date=2016-04-06|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-05-09}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180116005924/en/RepRisk%E2%80%99s-ESG-Risk-Platform-Reached-100000-Companies|title=RepRisk’s ESG Risk Platform Has Reached over 100,000 Companies – the World’s Largest Database of Its Kind|access-date=2018-11-26|language=en}}
3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.issgovernance.com/esg/reprisk/|title=RepRisk - ISS|work=ISS|access-date=2017-09-05|language=en-US}}
4. ^1 2 {{cite web|title = Overview of ESG Rating Agencies|url = http://www.novethic.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/tx_ausynovethicetudes/pdf_complets/2014_Overview-of-ESG-rating-agencies.pdf|website = Novethic Research|publisher = Novethic Research|accessdate = 24 July 2014}}
5. ^{{cite news|last1=Adams|first1=John|title=UBS Taps Big Data to Shrink Reputational Risk|url=http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/177_24/USB-big-data-analytics-reputational-risk-1046336-1.html|publisher=American Banker|date=3 February 2014}}
6. ^{{cite news|last1=Avantika|first1=Chilkoti|title=Brics: risky businesses|url=http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2012/12/12/brics-risky-businesses/|accessdate=26 May 2014|publisher=Financial Times|date=12 December 2012}}
7. ^{{cite web|last1=Kropp|first1=Robert|title=RepRisk Names World's Most Controversial Mining Companies|url=http://dev.socialfunds.com/news/article.cgi/article3484.html|website=Social Funds|publisher=Social Funds|accessdate=26 May 2014}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.sustainablebrands.com/news_and_views/stakeholder_trends_insights/jennifer_elks/reprisk_releases_annual_most_controversial_|title=RepRisk Releases Annual 'Most Controversial Companies' List {{!}} Sustainable Brands|website=sustainablebrands.com|access-date=2016-05-10|date=2014-04-17}}
9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Germany's AFU, RepRisk Ally for Fund ESG-risk Reports|url=http://www.waterstechnology.com/inside-market-data/news/2242712/germany-s-afu-reprisk-ally-for-fund-esg-risk-reports|website=Waters Technology|accessdate=26 June 2014|date=2013-02-12}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sustainablebrands.com/news_and_views/stakeholder_trends_insights/jennifer_elks/reprisk_releases_annual_most_controversial_|title=RepRisk releases Annual 'Most Controversial Companies' List|website=Sustainable Brands|last1=Elk|first1=Jennifer|accessdate=26 May 2014}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.reprisk.com/content/6-news/1-media-coverage/389-a-red-flag-for-firms-in-conduct-breach/a-red-flag-for-firms-in-conduct-breach.pdf|title=A Red Flag for Firms in Conduct Breach|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=}}
12. ^1 {{cite news|title=UBS turns to RepRisk for ESG data|url=http://www.bankingtech.com/48265/UBS-turns-to-RepRisk-for-ESG-data/|work=Banking Technology|date=27 January 2012}}
13. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Adams|first1=John|title=UBS Taps Big Data to Shrink Reputational Risk|url=http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/177_24/USB-big-data-analytics-reputational-risk-1046336-1.html?zkPrintable=1&nopagination=1|work=American Banker|date=3 February 2012}}
14. ^{{Cite web|title = UBS turns to RepRisk for ESG data » Banking Technology|url = http://www.bankingtech.com/48265/UBS-turns-to-RepRisk-for-ESG-data/|website = www.bankingtech.com|access-date = 2016-02-22}}
15. ^{{Cite web|title = UBS Taps Big Data to Shrink Reputational Risk|url = http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/177_24/USB-big-data-analytics-reputational-risk-1046336-1.html|website = American Banker|access-date = 2016-02-22}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=Dow Jones Sustainability Indices in collaboration with RobecoSAM|url=http://www.sustainability-indices.com/sustainability-assessment/corporate-sustainability-assessment.jsp|website=Sustainability Indices}}
17. ^{{cite web|title = Measuring Intangibles: ROBECOSAM's Corporate Sustainability Assessment Methodology|url = http://www.robecosam.com/images/CSA_methodology_Brochure-us.pdf|publisher = ROBECOSAM|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041515/http://www.robecosam.com/images/CSA_methodology_Brochure-us.pdf|archivedate = 4 March 2016|df = dmy-all}}
18. ^{{Cite web|title = Corporate Sustainability Assessment {{!}} Sustainability Indices|url = http://www.sustainability-indices.com/sustainability-assessment/corporate-sustainability-assessment.jsp|website = www.sustainability-indices.com|access-date = 2016-02-22}}
19. ^{{Cite web|title = Meet ... David Harris, Director ESG, FTSE|url = http://www.sri-connect.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=929:meet-david-harris-director-esg-ftse&catid=120:meet&Itemid=1446|website = www.sri-connect.com|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
20. ^1 {{cite web|title = Norwegian government fund selects RepRisk for portfolio monitoring|url = http://www.responsible-investor.com/|website = Responsible Investor|publisher = Reputation Institute}}
21. ^{{cite news|last1 = Ali|first1 = Saleem|title = Sovereign Wealth Fund Divestment as an Environmental Protection Strategy|url = http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2014/11/22/sovereign-wealth-fund-divestment-as-an-environmental-protection-strategy/|accessdate = 24 November 2014|work = National Geographic|date = 22 November 2014}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url =https://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/ResponsibleInvestorESGBriefingcJanuaryc2014.pdf|title =RI ESG Briefing, January 28. Norwegian government fund selects RepRisk for portfolio monitoring.|date =|access-date =|website =|publisher =|last =|first =|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20150924090047/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/ResponsibleInvestorESGBriefingcJanuaryc2014.pdf|archive-date =24 September 2015|dead-url =yes|df =dmy-all}}
23. ^{{Cite web|title = Meet ... Amanda McCluskey Head of Responsible Investment, Colonial First State Global AM|url = http://www.sri-connect.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=399:meet-amanda-mccluskey-head-of-responsible-investment-colonial-first-state-global-am&catid=120:meet&Itemid=1108|website = www.sri-connect.com|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.reprisk.com/downloads/newsupdates/34/BASF%20supply%20chain%20interview.pdf|title = REPUTATION RISK IN SUPPLY CHAIN AT BASF|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
25. ^{{Cite news|url = https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/29/reprisk-idUSnBw285021a+100+BSW20150429#1jsrOS2cXDq13dEl.97|title = RepRisk Data Used by SASB as an Input for the Development of Sustainability Accounting Standards|last = |first = |date = |work = |access-date = |via = }}
26. ^{{Cite web|url =https://www.cdp.net/en-US/News/CDP%20News%20Article%20Pages/RepRisk-provides-ESG-risk-data-for-review-of-CDP-climate-performance-leaders.aspx|title =RepRisk provides ESG risk data for review of CDP's climate performance leaders|date =|accessdate =|website =|publisher =|last =|first =|deadurl =yes|archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20151208061823/https://www.cdp.net/en-US/News/CDP%20News%20Article%20Pages/RepRisk-provides-ESG-risk-data-for-review-of-CDP-climate-performance-leaders.aspx|archivedate =8 December 2015|df =dmy-all}}
27. ^{{Cite web|title = RepRisk Provides ESG Risk Data for Review of CDP's Climate Performance Leaders|url = https://finance.yahoo.com/news/reprisk-provides-esg-risk-data-060000164.html|website = Yahoo Finance|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
28. ^{{cite web|title=Ranking de las 100 empresas más Sostenibles del mundo|url=http://obrasurbanas.es/ranking-de-las-100-empresas-mas-sostenibles-del-mundo/|website=Obras Urbanas|publisher=Obras Urbanas|accessdate=23 January 2015|date=2015-01-23}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.corporateknights.com/reports/global-100/|title=Global 100|work=Corporate Knights}}
30. ^{{Cite web|title = Ethisphere nutzt Daten von RepRisk|url = http://www.unternehmerzeitung.ch/news/einzelansicht/article/ethisphere-nutzt-daten-von-reprisk/|website = UnternehmerZeitung|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
31. ^{{Cite web|title = RepRisk data to be used in Ethisphere's evaluation of the 2016 World's Most Ethical Companies|url = http://ethisphere.com/reprisk-data-to-be-used-in-ethispheres-evaluation-of-the-2016-worlds-most-ethical-companies/|website = Ethisphere® Institute {{!}} Good. Smart. Business. Profit.®|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
32. ^{{Cite web|title = swisscleantech: Inhalt|url = http://www.swisscleantech.ch/en/inhalt/?tx_ttnews%255Btt_news%255D=2227&cHash=d3a82af3dae8cecae933322d8c428b30|website = www.swisscleantech.ch|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
33. ^{{cite web|title = Newsweek's Green Rankings Is Back|url = http://3blmedia.com/News/Newsweeks-Green-Rankings-Back|publisher = Newsweek}}
34. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dinamedland/2016/04/10/the-very-human-reality-of-esg-risk-laid-bare/#40236bbb111a|title=The Very Human Reality Of ESG Risk Laid Bare|last=Medland|first=Dina|website=Forbes|access-date=2016-05-09}}
35. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.sustainability-indices.com/sustainability-assessment/corporate-sustainability-assessment.jsp|title = Corporate Sustainability Assessment - Sustainability Indices|work = sustainability-indices.com}}
36. ^{{cite news|last1 = Grene|first1 = Sophia|title = Innovation key to staying ahead in ESG game|url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c1c65edc-6826-11de-848a-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3725Qiusn|accessdate = 6 June 2014|work = Financial Times|date = 5 July 2009}}
37. ^{{cite news|last1=Schiller|first1=Ben|title=These Were Last Year's Most Controversial Companies|url=http://www.fastcoexist.com/3042045/these-were-last-years-most-controversial-companies?partner=rss|accessdate=11 February 2015|work=FastCoExist|publisher=Fast Company|date=11 February 2015}}
38. ^{{cite web|title=RepRisk Special Reports|url=http://www.reprisk.com/media-center/special-reports/|website=RepRisk|publisher=RepRisk|accessdate=26 February 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206061359/http://www.reprisk.com/media-center/special-reports/|archivedate=6 February 2015|df=dmy-all}}
39. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=PRI Academic Network Conference Awards recognise excellence in responsible investment research|url=http://www.unpri.org/whatsnew/pri-academic-network-conference-awards-recognise-excellence-in-responsible-investment-research/|website=UNPRI.org|publisher=United Nations|access-date=6 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132309/http://www.unpri.org/whatsnew/pri-academic-network-conference-awards-recognise-excellence-in-responsible-investment-research/|archive-date=2 April 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
40. ^{{cite web|title="ESG Alpha in China" research paper based on RepRisk data scoops FIR/PRI Award|url=http://www.reprisk.com/esg-alpha-in-china-research-paper-based-on-reprisk-data-scoops-firpri-award/|website=RepRisk|publisher=RepRisk|accessdate=25 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402123747/http://www.reprisk.com/esg-alpha-in-china-research-paper-based-on-reprisk-data-scoops-firpri-award/|archive-date=2 April 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
41. ^{{cite web|title=Soft law violation & liability|url=http://www.keplercheuvreux.com/document.aspx?tag=EG_EG_254870.pdf|publisher=Kepler Cheureux|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125161211/http://www.keplercheuvreux.com/document.aspx?tag=EG_EG_254870.pdf|archivedate=25 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}
42. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Does-Corporate-Social-Responsibility-Performance-Affect-Reputational-Risk-2015-04-22-final.pdf|title = Does Corporate Social Responsibility Performance Affect Reputational Risk 2015|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
43. ^{{Cite news|title = RepRisk and CSRHub study finds link between perceived Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performance and reputational risk|url = https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/05/13/ny-reprisk-idUSnBw125391a+100+BSW20150513|newspaper = Reuters|date = 2015-05-13|access-date = 2015-12-03}}
44. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/3-research/3-esg-performance-of-european-investment-funds/afu-and-reprisk-esg-study-on-the-performance-of-european-investment-funds.pdf|title=ESG Performance of European investment funds|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=May 10, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817082351/https://www.reprisk.com/content/5-publications/3-research/3-esg-performance-of-european-investment-funds/afu-and-reprisk-esg-study-on-the-performance-of-european-investment-funds.pdf|archivedate=17 August 2016|df=dmy-all}}
45. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/mtec/chair-of-entrepreneurial-risks-dam/documents/dissertation/master%20thesis/Term_Paper_KoelbelJ_0508-Grade6.pdf|title=The effect of bad news on reputation and shareprice: An emprical survey.|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=May 10, 2016}}
46. ^{{Cite journal|date=2016-09-01|title=The relationship between sustainability performance and sustainability disclosure – Reconciling voluntary disclosure theory and legitimacy theory|journal=Journal of Accounting and Public Policy|language=en|volume=35|issue=5|pages=455–476|doi=10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2016.06.001|issn=0278-4254|last1=Hummel|first1=Katrin|last2=Schlick|first2=Christian}}
47. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kölbel|first=Julian F.|last2=Busch|first2=Timo|last3=Jancso|first3=Leonhardt M.|date=2017-03-23|title=How Media Coverage of Corporate Social Irresponsibility Increases Financial Risk|journal=Strategic Management Journal|language=en|volume=38|issue=11|pages=2266–2284|doi=10.1002/smj.2647|issn=0143-2095}}
48. ^{{Cite journal|last=Darnell|first=Jamey|date=2017|title=Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Reputation Risk: Bettering Firm Reputational Risk Through Socially Responsible Activities|language=en|doi=10.2139/ssrn.3015973|issn=1556-5068|ssrn=3015973}}
49. ^{{Cite journal|last=Glooner|first=Simon|date=2017|title=ESG Risks and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns|language=en|doi=10.2139/ssrn.3004689|issn=1556-5068|ssrn=3004689}}
50. ^{{Cite web|title = ISS Announces Strategic Partnership with RepRisk to Offer ESG Solutions - ISS|url = http://www.issgovernance.com/iss-announces-strategic-partnership-with-reprisk-to-offer-esg-solutions/|website = ISS|accessdate = 2015-12-09|language = en-US|date = 2015-09-08}}
51. ^{{Cite web|title = RepRisk - ISS|url = http://issgovernance.com/esg/reprisk|website = ISS|accessdate = 2015-12-09|language = en-US}}
52. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.whartonwrds.com/2015/10/19/wrds-adds-reprisk-data-2/|title = WRDS adds RepRisk data|date = 2015-10-19|accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
53. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.whartonwrds.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/RepRisk-data-now-available-to-academic-institutions-across-the-world.pdf|title = RepRisk data now available to academic institutions across the world.|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
54. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.whartonwrds.com/archive-pages/our-datasets/|title = Our Datasets|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
55. ^{{Cite web|title = CTI Project|url = https://angel.co/projects/8665-cti-project|website = AngelList|accessdate = 2015-12-03}}
56. ^1 {{cite web|title=Top 10 Most Environmentally and Socially Controversial Companies of 2010|url=http://inspiredeconomist.com/2011/01/10/top-10-most-environmentally-and-socially-controversial-companies-of-2010/|website=Inspired Economist|accessdate=6 June 2014|date=2011-01-10}}
57. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Collins|first1=Tyler|title=RepRisk Releases Report on Most Controversial Companies of 2012|url=http://blog.firstaffirmative.com/2013/02/18/reprisk-releases-report-on-most-controversial-companies-of-2012/|website=First Affirmative|accessdate=26 June 2014}}
58. ^1 {{cite web|title=RepRisk Releases Annual 'Most Controversial Companies'|url=http://www.sustainablebrands.com/news_and_views/stakeholder_trends_insights/jennifer_elks/reprisk_releases_annual_most_controversial_|website=Sustainable Brands|accessdate=26 June 2014|date=2014-04-17}}
59. ^1 {{cite web|title=RepRisk awarded for "Most Important Innovation in Sustainability" at the Sustainability Congress in Bonn, Germany|url=http://www.reprisk.com/reprisk-awarded-for-most-important-innovation-in-sustainability%C2%9D-at-the-sustainability-congress-in-bonn-germany/|website=RepRisk.com|accessdate=13 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110416/http://www.reprisk.com/reprisk-awarded-for-most-important-innovation-in-sustainability%C2%9D-at-the-sustainability-congress-in-bonn-germany/|archive-date=2 April 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
60. ^1 {{cite web|title=The IRRI Survey 2014|url=http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/IRRI_Results_B-1.pdf|publisher=Extel, Convene and SRI Connect|accessdate=13 March 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402091831/http://www.reprisk.com/marketing/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/IRRI_Results_B-1.pdf|archivedate=2 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}
61. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Kelleher|first1=Ellen|title=SRI funds and rivals so alike|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ad905bc6-03cc-11e2-9322-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2CWfCC0uK|accessdate=24 July 2014|work=Financial Times|date=23 September 2012}}
62. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=New Partnership Offers Clients of Governance & Accountability Institute Access to RepRisk Comprehensive ESG Intelligence|url=http://3blmedia.com/News/New-Partnership-Offers-Clients-Governance-Accountability-Institute-Access-RepRisk-Comprehensive|website=3BL Media|accessdate=10 July 2014}}
63. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=RepRisk AG - Corporate Profile|url=http://www.sri-connect.com/index.php?option=com_comprofiler&task=userProfile&Itemid=4&user=1079524|website=SRI Connect|accessdate=12 July 2014}}
64. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Faye|first1=Kilburn|title=RepRisk Preps ESG Country-Sector Risk Matrixes|url=http://www.waterstechnology.com/inside-market-data/news/2333623/reprisk-preps-esg-country-sector-risk-matrixes|work=Waters Technology|publisher=Waters Technology|date=11 March 2014}}
65. ^1 {{cite news|title=Norwegian government fund selects RepRisk for portfolio monitoring|url=http://www.reprisk.com/norwegian-government-fund-selects-reprisk-for-portfolio-monitoring/|accessdate=28 May 2014|publisher=Reputation Institute|date=28 January 2014}}
66. ^1 {{cite news|title=ESG Analytics Unveils Private Equity Industry's First Comprehensive Investment Decision Support Tool|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130926005358/en/ESG-Analytics-Unveils-Private-Equity-Industry%E2%80%99s-Comprehensive|accessdate=26 May 2014|publisher=Business Wire|date=26 September 2013|ref=bizwire}}
67. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Haederli|first1=Alexandre|title=RepRisk évalue la réputation des grandes entreprises|url=http://www.reprisk.com/le-matin-dimanche/|accessdate=26 May 2014|publisher=Le Matin Dimanche|date=27 January 2013}}
68. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Parker|first1=Kevin|title=SICM's Parker: Forget the emotional arguments about sustainable investing|url=http://www.fundweb.co.uk/opinion/sicms-parker-forget-the-emotional-arguments-about-sustainable-investing/2007139.article/|accessdate=26 May 2014|publisher=Fundweb|date=25 February 2014}}
[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]
}}

External links

  • RepRisk AG (company website)

4 : Companies based in Zürich|Risk management companies|Risk analysis methodologies|Social responsibility organizations
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/14 5:46:44