| 词条 | Síyáh-Chál |
| 释义 |
Síyáh-Chál ({{lang-fa|سیاه چال}} literally "black pit") is the common word in Persian language for "dungeon". Historically, siyah-chals were used as a harsher form of incarceration. Typically, such dungeons had no windows or outlets, other than the entrance, consisting of a short stairway into the ground. In Bahá'í history the "Síyáh-Chál" refers to the dungeon south east of the palace of the Sháh and near the Sabzih-Maydán in Tehran where Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith, was in captivity in 1852,[1] together with about 30 other Bábí's[2] if not more.[1] He claimed that here he had a vision of a Maid of Heaven, through whom he received his mission as a Manifestation of God and as the One whose coming the Báb had prophesied.[3] He described his experiences in the Epistle to the Son of the Wolf and Súriy-i-Haykal.[4][5] It was also the place where he composed his first known tablet, the Rashh-i-'Amá.[6] In 1868 the dungeon was filled-in and the Tikyíh Dowlat, an opera house, was built over the site.[7] The site was Bahá'í property from 1954 until the Islamic Revolution of 1979. It has been described by Shoghi Effendi as the second holiest Bahá'í site in Iran.[3] References1. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia |last= Momen |first= Mojan |encyclopedia= Bahá’í Encyclopedia Project |title= Tehran (Tihrán), Iran |year= 2009 |publisher= National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of the United States |location= Evanston, IL |url= http://www.bahai-encyclopedia-project.org/index.php?view=article&catid=38%3Ahistory&id=72%3Atehran&option=com_content&Itemid=74}} {{coord|35|40|47|N|51|25|13|E|display=title|region:IR_type:landmark_source:dewiki}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Siyah-Chal}}{{MEast-hist-stub}}{{Bahá'í-stub}}{{Architecturalelement-stub}}2. ^{{Cite book |author = Bahá'í International Community |authorlink = Bahá'í International Community |year = 1992 |title = Bahá’u’lláh |publisher = Bahá'í World Centre |url =http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/bic/SB/sb-3.html.utf8#gr5 | page = 3}} 3. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia |last= Smith |first= Peter |encyclopedia= A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith |title= Síyáh-Chál |year= 2000 |publisher=Oneworld Publications |location= Oxford |isbn= 1-85168-184-1 |pages= 323–267}} 4. ^{{cite book |author=Bahá'u'lláh |authorlink=Bahá'u'lláh |origyear=1892 |year=1988 |title=Epistle to the Son of the Wolf |publisher=Bahá'í Publishing Trust |location=Wilmette, Illinois, USA |isbn=0-87743-182-5 |url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/ESW/ |pages = 20–22}} 5. ^Bahá’u’lláh, Summons of the Lord of Hosts, pp. 5 6. ^{{cite book|author1=Juan Ricardo Cole|editor=Moojan Momen|title=From Iran East and West| chapter =Bahá'u'lláh and the Naqhbandí Sufis in Iraq, 1854–1856| chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=7xbzoJ5wFG4C&lpg=PR9&ots=7QqZ82AZeK&lr&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7xbzoJ5wFG4C|year=1984|publisher=Kalimat Press|isbn=978-0-933770-40-9|pages=1–28}} 7. ^{{cite journal | title = Bahá'u'lláh and His Most Holy Shrine | first = Dhikru'llah | last = Khadem | authorlink = Dhikru'llah Khadem | journal = Bahá'í News |date=March 1976 | number = 540 | pages = 1–16 | url = http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=214}} 3 : History of the Bahá'í Faith|Islamic architecture|History of Tehran |
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