词条 | Sütterlin | |||||
释义 |
}}{{Infobox writing system |name = Latin script ({{lang|de|Sütterlin}} subvariant) |type = Alphabet |time = 1915–1970s |languages = German |fam1 = Latin script (Blackletter variant) |fam2 = Latin script ({{lang|de|Fraktur|nocat=y}} variant) |fam3 = Latin ({{lang|de|Kurrent|nocat=y}} subvariant) |sample = Sütterlin.svg |caption = Sample of {{lang|de|Sütterlin}}{{efn|{{lang|de|"Bisweilen wird jede Form der deutschen Kurrentschrift als Sütterlinschrift bezeichnet. Dies liegt wohl daran, daß die Sütterlinschrift diejenige Form der deutschen Kurrentschrift ist, deren Namen am bekanntesten ist. Trotzdem ist diese Bezeichnung unzutreffend, denn es gab die deutsche Kurrentschrift schon lange vor Ludwig Sütterlin."}}[1]}} |imagesize = 250px |iso15924 = Latf }} {{lang|de|Sütterlinschrift}} ({{IPA-de|ˈzʏtɐliːnˌʃʁɪft}}, "{{lang|de|Sütterlin}} script") is the last widely used form of {{lang|de|Kurrent}}, the historical form of German handwriting that evolved alongside German blackletter (most notably {{lang|de|Fraktur}}) typefaces. Graphic artist {{lang|de|Ludwig Sütterlin}} was commissioned by the Prussian Ministry of Science, Art and Culture ({{lang|de|Preußisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung}}) to create a modern handwriting script in 1911. His handwriting scheme gradually replaced the older cursive scripts that had developed in the 16th century at the same time that letters in books had developed into Fraktur. The name {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} is nowadays often used to refer to all varieties of old German handwriting, although only this specific script was taught in all German schools from 1915 to 1941. HistoryThe ministry had asked for "modern" handwriting scripts to be used in offices and to be taught in school. {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} created two scripts in parallel with the two typefaces that were in use (see Antiqua–Fraktur dispute). The {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} scripts were introduced in Prussia in 1915, and from the 1920s onwards began to replace the relatively similar old German handwriting ({{lang|de|Kurrent}}) in schools. In 1935 the {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} style officially became the only German script taught in schools. The Nazi Party banned all "broken" blackletter typefaces in 1941 seen as chaotic, including {{lang|de|Sütterlin}}, and replaced them with Latin-type letters like Antiqua. However, many German speakers brought up with this writing system continued to use it well into the post-War period. {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} was taught in some German schools until the 1970s, but no longer as the primary script.CharacteristicsThe {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} lower-case 'e' contains two vertical bars close together, in which the origin of the umlaut diacritic (¨) from a small 'e' written above the modified vowel can be seen. Sütterlin is based on the old German handwriting, which is a handwriting form of the Blackletter scripts such as {{lang|de|Fraktur}} or {{lang|de|Schwabacher}}, the German print scripts which were used during the same time. It also had the long s (ſ), as well as several standard ligatures such as ff (f-f), ſt (ſ-t), st (s-t), and ß (ſ-z or ſ-s). For most people outside Germany (as well as younger Germans), {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} is nearly illegible—much more so than {{lang|de|Fraktur}} printing. Because of their distinctiveness, {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} letters can be used on the blackboard for mathematical symbols, which would use {{lang|de|Fraktur}} letters in print. The lower-case d in {{lang|de|Kurrent}} and {{lang|de|Sütterlin}} is used in proof-reading for {{lang|la|deleatur}} ("let it be deleted"). Overview of the letters(There are two lower case letters "s". The 2nd one is used at the end of a syllable.) A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I i J j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r S ſ s ß T t U u V v W w X x Y y Z z Ä ä Ö ö Ü ü ExamplesSee also
Notes{{Notelist}}References1. ^{{Cite web | title = Sütterlin.svg | author = -donald- | publisher = Wikimedia Commons | date = 30 September 2008 | accessdate = 5 July 2017 | url = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sütterlin.svg }} External links{{Commons|Sütterlin|Sütterlin}}
3 : Blackletter|Penmanship|Western calligraphy |
|||||
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。