1. History
     Origins (1967–1979)    RCPB-ML (1979–present)  

2. CPE-ML election results
     By-elections, 1970–1974    February 1974 UK general election    October 1974 UK general election    By-elections, 1974–1979  

3. See also

4. References

5. External links

The Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist) (RCPB-ML) is a small British communist political party, previously named the Communist Party of England (CPE-ML) on formation in 1972^[1] until being reorganised in 1979 after rejecting Maoism and aligning with Albania.^[2] The party's thinking is based on the politics of Hardial Bains, who travelled the world founding anti-revisionist communist parties.

History

Origins (1967–1979)

The RCPB-ML has its origins in the Sussex University-based English Student Movement, part of the Hardial Bains-inspired tendency known as the Internationalists; and it formed following their Necessity For Change conference in 1967.^[3] Renamed the English Communist Movement (Marxist–Leninist) in 1970, the group founded the Communist Party of England (Marxist–Leninist) in March 1972.^[3]

Like other Bains-inspired parties, the CPE-ML took the Chinese side in the Sino-Soviet split, thus being endorsed by Albania, allied at the time with Maoist China and opposing both the capitalist West and the Soviet bloc in accordance with the Three Worlds Theory promoted by Beijing. However, during the deterioration in Sino-Albanian relations the CPE-ML increasingly sided with Enver Hoxha, developed party to party relations with the Party of Labour of Albania and renounced China as revisionist.

The CPE-ML made headlines during its first two years. In May 1973, members of affiliated group, the Birmingham Student Movement, instigated a widely-reported physical attack on Hans Eysenck at the London School of Economics,^[4] though Eysenck declined to press charges. In January 1974, four members of the party were found guilty of possession of petrol bombs and assaulting police.^[5] At least one member had received a five year sentence for malicious wounding and assault the previous year.^[7]

In 1973, the CPE-ML put forward two candidates in parliamentary by-elections and in 1974 stood in six constituencies in the February general election and eight seats in the October general election. Their highest recorded vote was 612 (1.2%) in Portsmouth South during the second 1974 general election.^[2]

In 1974, the CPE-ML lost around a tenth of its membership^[6] following the expulsion of Aravindan Balakrishnan and an associated group accused of "conspiratorial and splittist activities and social fascist slanders against the Party and the proletarian movement".^[7] The group became the Workers' Institute of Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought.

The party had links with the progressive music milieu in the 1970s, with avant-garde composers such as Cornelius Cardew^[8] and Michael Chant being leading members.^[9]

RCPB-ML (1979–present)

The CPE-ML was renamed the RCPB-ML in 1979. It is closely related to the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) and has good relations with the New Communist Party of Britain (founded 1977). It produces an internet newspaper called Workers' Daily Internet Edition (WDIE) and has a bookshop in south London named John Buckle Books^[10] (named after the RCPB-ML founding general secretary). It has been active in promoting solidarity with North Korea. In 2004, the party declared electoral support for the Respect Coalition, but it now calls for an end to the system that brings parties to power and calls on workers' and peoples' collectives to intervene directly in the political process. The party has a system of collective leadership and its General Secretary is Michael Chant.^[11] The party's logo is a black hammer and sickle within a yellow star on a red background.

Cornelius Cardew died in 1981, John Buckle in 1983^[12] and Hardial Bains in 1997.

RCPB-ML official Roger Nettleship has stood in several general elections under his own name, including Jarrow in 2005^[13] and South Shields in 2001 and 2010.^[14]

The party supported Brexit in the 2016 referendum.^[15]

CPE-ML election results

By-elections, 1970–1974

February 1974 UK general election

October 1974 UK general election

• Source.^[16]

By-elections, 1974–1979

Rowe stood as East London Peoples Front and Munro stood as South London Peoples Front.

See also

• List of communist parties
• List of political parties in the United Kingdom
• Sino-Soviet split

References

External links

• The Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)

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