| 词条 | Richard Assheton of Middleton |
| 释义 |
Richard Assheton or Ashton of Middleton (1483–1549) was an English soldier. Richard's grandfather was Sir Ralph Assheton who was knighted by the Duke of Gloucester at the capture of Berwick (1482) and married Margaret Barton, the heiress of Middleton. Richard's father was Sir Richard Assheton (d. 28 April 1507) and mother, Isobel Talbot.[1] Flodden and the Flodden windowsRichard raised a company of archers to fight at the battle of Flodden in 1513 from Middleton, near Manchester. An heraldic visitation in 1533 by Clarenceux King of Arms Thomas Benolt noted that Richard had captured the courtier John Forman, sergeant porter to James IV of Scotland and Alexander Burnett, Sheriff of Aberdeen, at Flodden.[2] John Forman was taken to Berwick upon Tweed where he identified the body of James IV of Scotland. Richard continued the rebuilding the parish church of St. Leonard's at Middleton. He commissioned the "Flodden Windows" depicting himself and his wife, and seventeen captains of the archers, and the priest Henry Taylor who blessed them before the battle, commemorating them each by name in stained glass. The windows are one of the oldest war memorials in England, second in date to All Souls College, Oxford, founded in 1438 with the provision that its fellows should pray for those killed in the French wars.[3] The main inscription on the glass was, as described in 1845; "Orate pro bono statu Richardi Assheton et eorum qui hanc fenestra(m) fieri fecerunt quoru(m) no(m)ina et imagines ut supra ostendatur. Anno d(omi)ni, MCCCCC(X)V", meaning "Pray for the wellbeing of Richard Assheton and those whose names and images they caused to be made in the window shown above, 1515." As there was no "X" in the painted date, it has been argued that the window dates from the decade before Flodden, and commemorates a religious confraternity of archers.[4] The legible names included; Henricus Taylyer, Richard Kylw (or Wyld), Hughe Chetham, James Gerrarde, John Pylkyngton, Philipe Werburton, William (Ste)le, John Scolefede, Wylliam (—), James Taylier, Roger Blomeley, Crystofer Smythe, Henry Whitaker, Robart Prestwyche, and Richard Bexwicke.[5] The window is described in a 17th-century poem Iter Lancastrense by Richard James, c.1636; Now go we to the church of Middleton Originally there was more than one window, with Richard and his wife shown separately, since 1847 the remaining glass forms one window. The window was restored again in 2012. FamilyRichard married Anne Foulshurst, daughter of Sir Robert Foulshurst of Crewe, their son was Richard Assheton of Middleton who married firstly Anne Strickland, and secondly Anne Lady Bellingham.[7] The Asshetons of Great Lever, Lancashire were Richard's cousins. Two were members of parliament; Richard Assheton of Whalley and Downham, Lancashire, and his half brother Ralph Assheton of Great Lever at Middleton, who was Member of Parliament for Liverpool in 1553.[8] References
1. ^Burke, John. Genealogical and Heraldic Extinct & Dormant Baronetcies, (1838) pp.19-21 2. ^Remains Historical and Literary connected with Lancaster and Chester: Visitation of Lancashire and Cheshire, 1533, vol.98, Chetham Society(1876), p.59 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Statutes|title= Statute|website=All Soul's Oxford|accessdate=10 Aug 2014}} 4. ^'War memorial depicts a time of peace', The Times, 22 December 2012 5. ^'The parish of Middleton', in A History of the County of Lancaster, vol.5, Victoria County History (1911), pp. 151-161: Remains Historical and Literary connected with Lancaster and Chester: Iter Lancastrense, vol.7, Chetham Society, (1845), pp.39-40, compares names with records: Common Latin abbreviations expanded in brackets here. 6. ^Remains Historical and Literary connected with Lancaster and Chester: Iter Lancastrense, vol.7, Chetham Society, (1845),p.3, 38-39 7. ^Burke, John. Genealogical and Heraldic Extinct & Dormant Baronetcies, (1838) pp.19-21 8. ^Assheton, History of Parliament, IHR External links
7 : People from Cheshire|People of the Tudor period|1483 births|1549 deaths|16th-century English soldiers|English knights|British stained glass artists and manufacturers |
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