| 词条 | Riemvasmaak |
| 释义 |
| name = Riemvasmaak | image_skyline = Steel plate building in Riemvasmaak, South Africa.jpg | image_caption = Steel plate building in Riemvasmaak | pushpin_map = South Africa Northern Cape#South Africa | coordinates = {{coord|28.383|S|20.083|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = South Africa | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Northern Cape | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = ZF Mgcawu | subdivision_type3 = Municipality | subdivision_name3 = Kai !Garib | subdivision_type4 = Main Place | established_title = Established | area_footnotes = [1] | area_total_km2 = 1.04 | population_footnotes = [1] | population_total = 694 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = [1] | demographics1_title1 = Black African | demographics1_info1 = 23.6% | demographics1_title2 = Coloured | demographics1_info2 = 43.7% | demographics1_title3 = Indian/Asian | demographics1_info3 = 0.1% | demographics1_title4 = White | demographics1_info4 = 0.3% | demographics1_title5 = Other | demographics1_info5 = 32.3% | demographics_type2 = First languages (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = [1] | demographics2_title1 = Afrikaans | demographics2_info1 = 95.3% | demographics2_title2 = English | demographics2_info2 = 1.4% | demographics2_title3 = Xhosa | demographics2_info3 = 1.0% | demographics2_title4 = | demographics2_info4 = | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 2.3% | timezone1 = SAST | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code (street) | postal_code = | postal2_code_type = PO box | postal2_code = | area_code_type = Area code }}{{contains Khoekhoe text}}Riemvasmaak is a settlement in ZF Mgcawu District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The name means ‘tighten the strap’ or ‘tied with straps’.[2] Riemvasmaak is located near the Orange River, close to the Namibian border. It was originally settled in the early 1930s by people of Xhosa, Damara, Herero, Nama, and Coloured origin, but in the early 1970s the community was sent back to their ethnic homelands by the apartheid government.[3] The Damara group was sent to Khorixas in South-West Africa (today Namibia) and became known as Riemvasmakers. They were given land by Damara Chief Justus ǁGaroëb to settle in that area.[4] In 1975, Riemvasmaak became a military testing site, Riemvasmaak Ranges, for live fire exercises of the SADF Armour, Artillery and Air Force until 1994. It also garrisoned a Company/Squadron each of the 62nd Mechanized Infantry and 7th Light Infantry of the SADF, co located with a Target Locating Regiment of the SADF Artillery and an Rocket Artillery Battery. In 1998 a process of land restitution allowed the return of families and communities.[3] Some of the Namibian Riemvasmakers returned but a residual group founded their own traditional authority. They are {{As of|2014|alt=seeking}} recognition from the Namibian government to be recognised as a separate Damara clan.[4] The Riemvasmaakers land claim was successful and a large number returned to their ancestral lands in 1997{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}. The Melkbosrand area, consisting of the farms or areas known as Hartebeesvlak, Blousyfer and Wabrand that cover the northern side of the Augrabies Gorge and the Augrabies Falls National Park, was deproclaimed by parliament[5], withdrawing it from the national park, with the proviso that it be used for community-based eco-tourism and conservation. Opening to the public was expected in 2015. References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/378002 |title = Main Place Riemvasmaak |work=Census 2011}} {{NorthernCape-geo-stub}}{{ZF Mgcawu District Municipality}}2. ^{{cite web|title=Riemvasmaak|url=http://www.openafrica.org/participant/Riemvasmaak-Ecotourism-Project|publisher=Open Africa|accessdate=12 January 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112040314/http://www.openafrica.org/participant/Riemvasmaak-Ecotourism-Project|archivedate=12 January 2014|df=}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Jo Ractliffe. The Borderlands|url=http://www.stevenson.info/exhibitions/ractliffe/index_borderlands.html|publisher=www.stevenson.info|accessdate=22 October 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026105612/http://www.stevenson.info/exhibitions/ractliffe/index_borderlands.html|archivedate=26 October 2014|df=}} 4. ^1 {{Cite news|title=Riemvasmakers seek recognition|last=Miyanicwe|first=Clemans|newspaper=The Namibian|date=22 October 2014|url=http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?id=19269}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/3089/|title=Riemvasmaak Community Melkbosrand Deproclamation: adoption {{!}} PMG|website=pmg.org.za|language=en|access-date=2017-10-25}} 1 : Populated places in the Kai !Garib Local Municipality |
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