| 词条 | Robert Darwin of Elston |
| 释义 |
| name = Robert Darwin of Elston | image = | caption = Portrait of Robert Darwin of Elston | birth_date = {{birth date|1682|8|12|df=y}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1754|11|20|1682|8|12|df=y}} | nationality = English | occupation = Lawyer and Physician | spouse = Elizabeth Hill | children = Robert Waring Darwin of Elston Elizabeth Darwin William Alvey Darwin Anne Darwin Susannah Darwin John Darwin Erasmus Darwin | relatives = Charles Darwin (great-grandson) }}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}{{Use British English|date=March 2017}} Robert Darwin of Elston (12 August 1682 — 20 November 1754) was an English lawyer and physician. He was the father of English physician Erasmus Darwin,[1] and a great-grandfather of the famous English naturalist and geologist Charles Robert Darwin, best known for his contributions to evolution. It is with Robert Darwin of Elston that many biographies of his great-grandson begin. In 1719 Darwin was instrumental in bringing the attention of the Royal Society to the first remains of a Jurassic reptile to be found{{citation needed|evidence that this was the first?|date=February 2019}}: a fossilised plesiosaur, that would originally have been about 3 m long. The stone came from a quarry at Fulbeck and had been used, with the fossil on its underside, to reinforce the edge of a well in Elston. After the strange bones it contained had been discovered, it was displayed in the garden of the local parsonage by the rector, the Rev. John South, as a curiosity. Darwin communicated with William Stukeley who obtained the fossil for the Royal Society and described it in a paper[2] in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, calling it "a Rarity, the like whereof has not been observ'd before in this Island". Stukeley speculated on the reasons for the fossil's presence in rock, mentioning the Biblical flood: he said that it was not human, but was probably a crocodile or porpoise. The specimen is today on display in the Natural History Museum as Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus, with the original registration number R.1330. It is the earliest discovered more or less complete fossil reptile skeleton in a museum collection{{citation needed|evidence that this is the earliest|date=February 2019}}. Darwin married Elizabeth Hill (1702-1797) on 1 January 1724 at Balderton, Nottinghamshire. They had four sons and three daughters:
References1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=G8UrAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT2 Life and Letters of Charles Darwin: Volume 1] {{DEFAULTSORT:Darwin, Robert}}{{England-bio-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Stukeley |first1=William |title=An account of the impression of the almost entire sceleton of a large animal in a very hard stone, lately presented the Royal Society, from Nottinghamshire |journal=Phil. Trans. R. Soc. |date=1719 |volume=30 |pages=963–968 |doi=10.1098/rstl.1717.0053 |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstl.1717.0053 |accessdate=5 February 2019}} 4 : 1682 births|1754 deaths|17th-century Anglicans|Darwin–Wedgwood family |
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