| 词条 | Tang Shaoyi |
| 释义 |
|name=Tang Shaoyi |image=Tang Shaoyi.jpg |birth_date={{birth date|1862|1|2|df=y}} |birth_place=Xiangshan County, Guangdong, Qing dynasty, China |death_date={{death date and age|1938|9|30|1862|1|2|df=y}} |death_place=Shanghai, Republic of China |alma_mater=Queen's College, Hong Kong Columbia University |office=Premier of the Republic of China |term_start=13 March 1912 |term_end=27 June 1912 |president = Yuan Shikai |predecessor = Position established |successor = Lou Tseng-Tsiang |president1 = Li Yuanhong |term_start1=5 August 1922 |term_end1=19 September 1922 |predecessor1=Wang Ch'ung-hui |successor1=Wang Ch'ung-hui |order2=2nd |office2=Prince Qing's Cabinet{{!}}Minister of Mail and Communications of the Imperial Cabinet |term2=26 October 1911 – 1 November 1911 |monarch2=Xuantong Emperor |primeminister2=Yikuang, Prince Qing |predecessor2=Sheng Xuanhuai |successor2=Position abolished |party=Unity Party |module = {{Chinese |child = yes |s=唐绍仪 |t=唐紹儀 |p=Táng Shàoyí |w=T'ang Shao-i |y=Tong4 Siu6 Yee4 }} Tang Shaoyi ({{zh|t=唐紹儀}}; 2 January 1862 – 30 September 1938), also spelled Tong Shao Yi, courtesy name Shaochuan (少川), was a Chinese statesman who briefly served as the first Premier of the Republic of China in 1912. In 1938, he was assassinated by the staff of the Bureau of Investigation and Statistics in Shanghai. Early lifeTang was a native of Xiangshan County, Guangdong. Tang had been educated in the United States, attending elementary school in Springfield, Massachusetts, and high school in Hartford, Connecticut.[1] He studied at Queen's College, Hong Kong, and then Columbia University in New York on the Chinese Educational Mission.[2] CareerTang was a friend of Yuan Shikai; and during the Xinhai Revolution, negotiated on the latter's behalf in Shanghai with the revolutionaries' Wu Tingfang, ending up with the recognition of Yuan as President of the Republic of China. He had been a diplomat with Yuan Shikai's staff in Korea.[1] In 1900, he was appointed head of the Shandong Bureau of Foreign Affairs under governor Yuan Shikai.[1] Widely respected, he became the Republic's first Prime Minister in 1912, but quickly grew disillusioned with Yuan's lack of respect for the rule of law and resigned.[3] He later took part in Sun Yat-sen's government in Guangzhou. Tang Shaoyi opposed, on constitutional grounds, Sun's taking of the "Extraordinary Presidency" in 1921; Tang resigned from his position. In 1924, he refused an offer to be foreign minister under warlord Duan Qirui's provisional government in Beijing. AssassinationIn 1937, Tang bought a house on Route Ferguson in the Shanghai French Concession and retired there.[4] The following year, the Japanese invaded and occupied Shanghai (though not yet the foreign concessions). Japanese general Kenji Doihara attempted to recruit Tang to become president of the new pro-Japanese puppet government, and Tang was willing to negotiate with the Japanese. The Kuomintang's intelligence agency Juntong learned about the negotiation, and its chief Dai Li ordered his assassination. On 30 September 1938, Tang was killed in his living room by a Juntong squad who pretended to be antique sellers.[5] FamilyTang Shaoyi's daughter Tang Baoyue (English name May Tang) was married to the prominent diplomat V.K. Wellington Koo. She died in October 1918 during the 1918 flu pandemic, after falling ill for only a week.[6] Another daughter Lora Tang was married to the well-known Singapore philanthropist Lee Seng Gee. Another daughter from his first wife, Isobel, was married to Henry K. Chang (Chang Chien), the Chinese Ambassador and Consul General at San Francisco (1929).[7] References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RYGw2QYA3swC&pg=RA1-PA348|first=Ke-wen|last=Wang|title=Modern China: an encyclopedia of history, culture, and nationalism|publisher=Routledge, London|date=1997|pages=348}} {{s-start}}{{s-gov}}{{succession box | before = New title | title = Premier of the Republic of China | years = 1912 | after = Lu Zhengxiang }}{{s-end}}{{ROCPMs}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tang, Shaoyi}}2. ^from deleted section at Shandong University on 2015.09.09 3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OPUTAAAAIAAJ |title=China revolutionized |author=John Stuart Thomson |year=1913 |publisher=The Bobbs-Merrill company |location=INDIANAPOLIS |page=105 |isbn=}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.china.com.cn/txt/2012-11/22/content_27198658.htm |script-title=zh:武康路与民国第一任总理唐绍仪血案 |trans-title=Wukang Road and the assassination of Tang Shaoyi |publisher=China.com.cn |language=Chinese |date=22 November 2012 |accessdate=8 October 2013 }} 5. ^{{cite book |last=Wakeman |first=Frederic E. |title=The Shanghai Badlands: Wartime Terrorism and Urban Crime, 1937-1941 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TbpNjDlPSq0C&pg=PA48 |year=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521528719 |page=48}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Craft |first=Stephan G. |title=V.K. Wellington Koo and the Emergence of Modern China |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LtCVaqyVyaYC&pg=PA45 |year=2004 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=9780813127286 |page=45}} 7. ^{{cite book |last=Hinners |first=David G. |title=Tong Shao-Yi and His Family |year=1999 |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=0-7618-1392-6 |page=102}} 13 : 1859 births|1938 deaths|Assassinated Chinese politicians|Columbia University alumni|People from Zhuhai|People of the Xinhai Revolution|Republic of China politicians from Guangdong|Premiers of the Republic of China|Presidents of universities and colleges in China|20th-century Chinese heads of government|Shandong University faculty|Unity Party (China) politicians|Chinese collaborators with Imperial Japan |
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