| 词条 | Roman Dmowski Monument, Warsaw |
| 释义 |
|monument_name = Roman Dmowski Monument |native_name = Pomnik Romana Dmowskiego w Warszawie |image = Pomnik romana dmowskiego.jpg |caption = Roman Dmowski Monument in the spring of 2007 |location = Na Rozdrożu Square, at the intersection of Szuch Avenue and Ujazdów Avenue, Warsaw, Poland |designer = Wojciech Mendzelewski, Maria Marek-Prus, Piotr Prus |type = Statue |material = Bronze |length = |width = |height ={{convert|5|m|ft}} |begin = |complete = 10 November 2006 |open = |dedicated_to =Roman Dmowski |map_image = |map_caption = |map_width = |coordinates = {{Coord|52|13|6.7|N|21|01|30.1|E|display=title}} |lat = |long = |extra = }} The Roman Dmowski Monument in Warsaw ({{lang-pl|Pomnik Romana Dmowskiego w Warszawie}}) is a {{convert|5|m|ft|adj=on}} tall bronze statue of Polish politician Roman Dmowski in Warsaw, at the Na Rozdrożu Square on the intersection of Szuch Avenue and Ujazdów Avenue.[1] It was unveiled on 10 November 2006.[1] The statue holds the Treaty of Versailles[3] and is engraved with a quote from Dmowski's book: "I am a Pole so I have Polish duties" (Jestem Polakiem więc mam obowiązki polskie...).[1] The monument has proven to be rather controversial.[5] The construction of the monument was a result of the initiative supported by politicians Maciej Giertych, Bogusław Kowalski, and Jędrzej Dmowski.[6] The monument, sponsored by the municipal council of Warsaw, cost the Polish government about 500,000 zlotys.[6] The unveiling ceremony was attended by about 200 people, including politicians Maciej Giertych, Artur Zawisza and Wojciech Wierzejski, as well as priest Henryk Jankowski, who consecrated the monument.[6] The location of the monument, near the office of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (located on Szuch Avenue), is symbolic of Dmowski's historical position as a Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland (which he held for about three months in 1923).[5] Dmowski is the chief ideologue of Polish right-wing nationalism[6][11] and has been called "the father of Polish nationalism."[12][13] He is also seen as one of the main figures involved in restoring Polish independence after World War I, and was a signatory of the Treaty of Versailles.[14][15] The monument has been called "one of the most controversial monument in Warsaw"[5] and it had led to a series of protests from organisations which see Dmowski as fascist and opponent of tolerance; in turn it is a rally icon for Polish right-wing nationalists (narodowcy).[6][18][19] Due to controversies and protests, plans to raise statues or memorials to Dmowski elsewhere have commonly been delayed.[21] Notable critics of the monument included Marek Edelman, veteran of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising; professor of history Maria Janion; historian and sociologist Alina Cała; and others.[6][23] It has been defended by other notable figures, such as historian Jan Żaryn[24] and politician Tomasz Nalecz who underlined that Dmowski was essential to restoration of Polish independence.[3] References{{commons category|Roman Dmowski Monument in Warsaw}}1. ^1 {{cite book|author=Laura Ann Crago|title=Nationalism, religion, citizenship, and work in the development of the Polish working class and the Polish trade union movement, 1815-1929: a comparative study of Russian Poland's textile workers and upper Silesian miners and metalworkers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iCpYAAAAYAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Yale University|page=168}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://m.wyborcza.pl/wyborcza/1,105226,10615605,Kibice_murem_wokol_pomnika___Precz_z_zydowska_okupacja_.html |title=Dmowski zasłonięty balonami. Ale tylko w przenośni |publisher=M.wyborcza.pl |date=2011-11-09 |accessdate=2013-09-19|language=Polish}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.zieloni2004.pl/art-1959.htm |title=Listy - List przeciw pomnikowi Romana Dmowskiego w Warszawie - Partia Zieloni 2004 |publisher=Zieloni2004.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-27}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://wyborcza.pl/1,75248,14059814,Roman_Dmowski_na_pomnik__Bialystok_zrobi_krok_do_tylu_.html |title=Roman Dmowski na pomnik. Białystok zrobi krok do tyłu? |publisher=Wyborcza.pl |date=2002-02-03 |accessdate=2013-09-19|language=Polish}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Walicki|first=A.|title=The Troubling Legacy of Roman Dmowski|journal=East European Politics & Societies|date=1 December 1999|volume=14|issue=1|pages=12–46|doi=10.1177/0888325400014001002}}, p.12 6. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Walicki|first=A.|title=The Troubling Legacy of Roman Dmowski|journal=East European Politics & Societies|date=1 December 1999|volume=14|issue=1|pages=12–46|doi=10.1177/0888325400014001002}}, p.14 7. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Walicki|first=A.|title=The Troubling Legacy of Roman Dmowski|journal=East European Politics & Societies|date=1 December 1999|volume=14|issue=1|pages=12–46|doi=10.1177/0888325400014001002}}, p.46 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|author=Wydział Kultury i Promocji dla Dzielnicy Śródmieście Urzędu m.st. Warszawy|title=Pomnik Romana Dmowskiego. Karta katalogowa - Karta ewidencji obiektu upamiętniajcego |url=http://www.srodmiescie.art.pl/files/1649262104/na_rozdrozu_plac__pomnik_r._dmowskiego_.pdf|language=Polish|accessdate=2013-09-19}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/kraj/1,34309,3714422.html |title=Protesty powitają pomnik Dmowskiego |language=Polish |publisher=Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-27}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://puszka.waw.pl/pomnik_romana_dmowskiego-projekt-pl-776.html |title=Pomnik Romana Dmowskiego / pomnik / Wojciech Mendzelewski, Maria Marek-Prus, Piotr Prus |language=Polish |publisher=Puszka.waw.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-27}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rzeczpospolita.pl/dodatki/opinie_061024/opinie_a_3.html |title=Wiadomości | wiadomości tv.rp.pl, informacje, ekonomia, prawo | rp.pl |publisher=Rzeczpospolita.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-27}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web|author=Tomasz Nałęcz |url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/90052/Nalecz-Pomnik-dla-Dmowskiego/ |title=Nałęcz - Pomnik dla Dmowskiego - WPROST |publisher=Wprost.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-27}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|author=wiadomości.wp.pl |url=http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kat,1342,title,Odslonieto-pomnik-Romana-Dmowskiego,wid,8594333,wiadomosc.html |title=Odsłonięto pomnik Romana Dmowskiego - Wiadomości - WP.PL |publisher=Wiadomosci.wp.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-09-19|language=Polish}} 14. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Jóhann Páll Árnason|author2=Natalie Doyle|title=Domains and Divisions of European History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gWHu7SQQa04C&pg=PA93|year=2010|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-1-84631-214-4|page=93}} }} 4 : Monuments and memorials in Warsaw|2006 establishments in Poland|2006 sculptures|Controversies in Poland |
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