| 词条 | Tanner '88 | |||||||||||
| 释义 |
|show_name = Tanner '88 |image = Tanner 88 DVD.jpg |image_size = 200px |caption = Series DVD cover |camera = Multiple camera |runtime = 1-hour premiere, all others approx. 30 minutes |creator = Garry Trudeau |executive_producer = Robert Altman Garry Trudeau |starring = Michael Murphy Pamela Reed Cynthia Nixon Kevin J. O'Connor Daniel Jenkins Jim Fyfe Matt Malloy Ilana Levine Veronica Cartwright |country = United States |distributor = HBO |network = HBO |first_aired = February 15, 1988 |last_aired = August 22, 1988 |followed_by = Tanner on Tanner |num_episodes = 11 |list_episodes = #Episodes }} Tanner '88 is a political mockumentary miniseries written by Garry Trudeau and directed by Robert Altman. First broadcast by HBO during the months leading up to the 1988 U.S. presidential election, it purports to tell the behind-the-scenes story of the campaign of former Michigan U.S. representative Jack Tanner during his bid to secure the Democratic Party's nomination for President of the United States. The story is told from a number of different points of view, including Tanner, his campaign staff, the small army of news reporters that constantly follow the candidate, and volunteers. Many political figures of the time appear (some in cameos, some extended), including Bruce Babbitt, Bob Dole, Kitty Dukakis, Gary Hart, Jesse Jackson, and Pat Robertson. Trudeau and Altman revisited the story 16 years later in Tanner on Tanner. Plot summaryRepresentative Jack Tanner of Michigan (Michael Murphy) is an obscure liberal Democratic politician who struggles to find a voice in the early 1988 Democratic primaries. His campaign manager, T.J. Cavanaugh (Pamela Reed), uses an unscripted, impassioned hotel-room speech caught on camera as part of an advertising campaign focusing on Tanner's authenticity and integrity. Using the slogan "For Real", Tanner emerges from a wide field of contenders to battle for the nomination against two high-profile and better-funded candidates: Jesse Jackson and eventual nominee Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis. With Tanner are his college-aged daughter Alexandra (Cynthia Nixon), whose illness was why he earlier left politics and who has left college for the duration of the campaign, and his girlfriend Joanna Buckley (Wendy Crewson), Dukakis' deputy campaign manager. Others who appear on camera are Emile Berkoff (Jim Fyfe), a compulsive statistician with a crush on Alexandra; Deke Conners (Matt Malloy), an East Village filmmaker hired to produce Tanner campaign ads; and Andrea Spinelli (Ilana Levine), T.J.'s innocent and ditzy but well-meaning assistant. The candidate's father, General John Tanner (E.G. Marshall), who has a contentious relationship with his son, also occasionally appears. Although Tanner does not win the nomination, he does run a serious and credible race. The series ends on a cliffhanger after Dukakis officially becomes the Democratic candidate and Tanner considers a third party run. CabinetSeveral members of Tanner's prospective cabinet are mentioned, with several making statements to the press accepting the appointment should he become president. Those mentioned include:[1]
Episodes{{Episode table|background=#00367e |overall= |title= |airdate= |prodcode= |episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=1 |Title= The Dark Horse |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|2|12}} |ProdCode=1A/1B |ShortSummary=On the weekend before the New Hampshire primary, Congressman Jack Tanner and his daughter visit with potential voters, while his first campaign commercial is evaluated by a focus group. |LineColor=00367e{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=2 |Title= For Real |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|3|14}} |ProdCode=2A |ShortSummary=Tanner's passionate "For Real" commercial generates new interest in his campaign as he heads for Nashville. There, an apparent attempt on his life produces publicity and qualifies him for Secret Service protection. |LineColor=00367e{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=3 |Title= The Night of the Twinkies |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|4|12}} |ProdCode=2B |ShortSummary=Jack seeks the advice of an old friend, a civil rights activist, about how to reach African American voters. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=4 |Title= Moonwalker and Bookbag |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|5|2}} |ProdCode=3A |ShortSummary=After offending his friend, a Baptist minister, with an attempt at an impromptu press conference on the steps of the church, the campaign begins to freeze out media manager Stringer. At the same time, Tanner and his daughter must learn to cope with the constant protective presence of Secret Service agents and Berkoff interviews Tanner's father, exposing an unusual family dynamic. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=5 |Title= Bagels with Bruce |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|5|16}} |ProdCode=3B |ShortSummary= Tanner meets with fellow candidate Bruce Babbitt, who recently ended his campaign. Tired of being on the outs with the campaign, Stringer considers joining the Dukakis campaign where he discovers Tanner's girlfriend Joanna is a staff member. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=6 |Title= Child's Play |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|6|6}} |ProdCode=4A |ShortSummary=Tanner attends campaign events ranging from appearances at day care centers--where he talks to young children about tax abatements--and a Hollywood pool party. Afterward, a recently dismissed member of the Dukakis campaign approaches Tanner for a job, exposing Tanner's television and speech weaknesses. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=7 |Title= The Great Escape |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|6|20}} |ProdCode= 4B |ShortSummary= Tanner attends a debate with Dukakis and Jesse Jackson where his comments about drugs become news. Mechanical troubles on the campaign plane lead to a stressful flight for everyone. Later, a reporter breaks the story on Tanner and Joanna's relationship, angering T.J., who did not know about it. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=8 |Title= The Girlfriend Factor |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|7|11}} |ProdCode= 5A |ShortSummary=The campaign runs into problem after problem when they head to Detroit, including Tanner looking bad when "confronted" by a robot and looking bad kissing babies on camera. Meanwhile David Seidelman, the reporter who broke the Tanner/Joanna story, finds himself in the campaign's doghouse. Later, Tanner spends an afternoon at a Detroit community meeting speaking to people about drugs and America's future. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=9 |Title= Something Borrowed, Something New |OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1988|7|17}} |ProdCode=5B |ShortSummary= Alex plans Jack and Joanna's wedding, stressing over the minutest of details, only to have them call it off after General Tanner makes an inappropriate speech and Deke Conners swoops over the proceedings in a helicopter. Afterward, despite his being nearly out of the race, the campaign reads an article speculating on Tanner's would-be cabinet appointments. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=10 |Title= The Boiler Room |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|8|11}} |ProdCode=6A |ShortSummary=Having both lost at the Democratic National Convention, the Jackson and Tanner campaigns try some last minute trickery, with T.J. calling in coordinator Billy Ridenour (Harry Anderson) to work some "backroom magic". Unfortunately, the Jackson campaign's need for plausible deniability prevents Ridenour from speaking directly to Jackson and winds up costing Tanner. |LineColor=00367e }}{{Episode list |EpisodeNumber=11 |Title= The Reality Check |OriginalAirDate={{Start date|1988|8|22}} |ProdCode=6B |ShortSummary=Despite not winning the Democratic nomination and his former campaign's finances now being audited, rumblings of Tanner running as third party circulate through what is left of the campaign. T.J. investigates the possibilities and the series ends with Jack not answering Joanna's query that it would be obvious for him to endorse Michael Dukakis and instead ruminates on his possibilities. |LineColor=00367e }} }} Home release
The miniseries was produced and first broadcast on Home Box Office, scheduled irregularly over the real-life seven-month campaigning period from February through August 1988. In 2004, the Sundance Channel rebroadcast the series, adding new one- to two-minute preludes created by Trudeau and Altman to each episode "in which the actors reflect, in character, on the '88 campaign from the perspective of the present day"[3] That October Sundance produced a four episode sequel, Tanner on Tanner. ProductionThe hybrid of fiction and reality that came to be the miniseries' trademark was initially accidental.[4] Trudeau described the concept behind the miniseries as wanting to "let the audience feel they're eavesdropping, to create a sense of authenticity by observing the process, to follow campaign culture in all its tribal rites—not to make a topical movie about 1988."[4] Tanner evolved during production, becoming, as Altman put it, "two-thirds scripted and one-third found art."[4] Trudeau and Altman intended to make more episodes, but HBO did not extend the run of the series.[5] Reception and influenceReviews for the miniseries seem to improve over time. In one of the earliest reviews of the pilot episode, The New York Times called the show an "interesting misfire" that "insists too much on its own sophistication about politics".[6] The same paper held the second episode in higher esteem, calling it "humorous cinéma vérité" that's "slick and occasionally witty."[7] In its "Best of 1988" look at television, Time magazine called it: "the year's definitive satire of media politics."[8] In a 2003 review of K Street, the New York Daily News said "Tanner skewer[ed] brilliantly the insanity and inanity of presidential politics."[9] By 2004, Slate was saying:[3] {{quote|More than a decade before the ascendancy of reality television, the series slyly blended fiction and documentary, with real-life political and media figures—Bob Dole, Bruce Babbitt, and Linda Ellerbee among them—crossing paths with, and commenting upon, Tanner's grass-roots campaign. But Tanner's formal complexity—a loose, layered blend of group improvisation, scripted set pieces, and the intervention of pure chance—manages to point up not only the laziness of reality shows like Survivor and The Bachelor but their moral and political vacuity.}}While the two shows are stylistically very different, Aaron Sorkin has acknowledged that Tanner had an influence on The West Wing, which he created over a decade later, in its underlying idealism and in its view of political staffers as people who at least struggle to do the right thing. In 2004, Altman said "I think it's the most creative work I've ever done."[10] AwardsAltman won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing in a Drama Series for the episode "The Boiler Room." Reed won an ACE Award for Best Actress in a Dramatic Series. References1. ^"Something Borrowed, Something New" 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.criterion.com/films/952-tanner-88 |title=Tanner '88 |accessdate=July 15, 2013 |publisher=The Criterion Collection }} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2094888/ |title=Primary Colors |first=Dana |last=Stevens |accessdate=2008-11-01 |work=Television |publisher=Slate |date=2004-02-04 }} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE3D91130F93BA25756C0A96E948260 |title= Like a Real Candidate, Tanner Falls Flat in Hollywood |accessdate=2008-11-01 |work=Arts |first=Aljean |last=Harmetz |publisher=The New York Times |date=1988-05-18}} 5. ^{{cite video |people=Altman, Robert; Trudeau, Gary|date=2004 |title=Tanner '88 Complete Series |url=http://www.criterion.com/ASP/release.asp?id=258 |medium=DVD |publisher=The Criterion Collection |accessdate=2008-11-01 |time= |quote=}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEEDF1431F936A25751C0A96E948260 |title=TV Review; 'TANNER 88,' A SATIRE ON PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS |accessdate=2008-11-01 |work=Arts |first=John |last=Corry |publisher=The New York Times |date=1988-02-15 }} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE7D7153EF936A25750C0A96E948260 |title= Review/Television; 'Tanner '88: For Real,' a Campaign |accessdate=2008-11-01 |work=Arts |first=John |last=Corry |publisher=The New York Times |date=1988-03-15 }} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,956624,00.html |title=Best of '88 |accessdate=2008-11-01 |publisher=Time |date=1989-01-02}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/2003/09/16/2003-09-16_been_down_this__street___ser.html |title=Been Down this 'Street' |accessdate=2008-11-01 |first=David |last=Bianculli |work=Entertainment |publisher=New York Daily News |date=2003-09-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605033843/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/2003/09/16/2003-09-16_been_down_this__street___ser.html |archivedate=2011-06-05 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/TV/02/02/apontv.altman.tanner88.ap/ |title=A candidate to believe –– more than ever |accessdate=2008-11-01 |work=Entertainment |publisher=CNN |date=2004-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040213104857/http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/TV/02/02/apontv.altman.tanner88.ap/|archivedate=February 13, 2004}} External links
14 : 1988 American television series debuts|1988 American television series endings|1980s American satirical television series|HBO network shows|Films directed by Robert Altman|American political comedy television series|1980s American television miniseries|American mockumentary television series|1988 United States presidential election|Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries|1988 United States presidential primaries|United States presidential nominating conventions in fiction|Films about elections|Political mockumentaries |
|||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。