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词条 Rubber Duck (sculpture)
释义

  1. Artist

  2. Sculpture

     Design  Display 

  3. Censorship

  4. List of locations

  5. Gallery

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{italic title}}{{Use British English|date=June 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}Rubber Duck is a series of several giant floating sculptures of yellow rubber ducks, designed by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman, which have appeared in many cities around the world, including Hong Kong, Pittsburgh, Toronto, Baku, and Sydney. Each Rubber Duck is recreated anew locally, as his public art is intended to be temporary.[1]

Artist

Rubber Duck was created by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman. In a 2013 interview, Hofman stated that his initial inspiration came from a 2001 museum visit combined with a popular yoghurt advertisement in the Netherlands in 2000 or 2001. He searched to find what he considered the perfect toy duck and settled on a design by a Hong Kong company called Tolo Toys.[2] The yoghurt company Yogho!Yogho! financed the work.[3]

Sculpture

Design

The size of the rubber duck varies. His largest rubber duck, in Saint-Nazaire, France, measured, width, length, height of {{convert|26|x|20|x|32|m}}. The rubber duck in Beijing was {{convert|14|x|15|x|18|m}}, and the rubber duck in Seokchon lake was {{convert|16.5|x|19.8|x|16.5|m}} with a weight of {{convert|1000|kg}}. The rubber duck was constructed with more than 200 pieces of PVC. All the pieces of PVC are connected by hand with sewing machines.

In order to enhance the duck's durability, they added another piece on top of one layer.[4] On the rubber duck, there is an opening at the back of the body so that architects and staff can perform a body check of the rubber duck. In addition, there is an electric propeller fan in its body so that it can be inflated at any time, in either good or bad weather.[5] The loops that are in the pontoon edges of the rubber duck are connected to the fence of the lake by 16 ropes that are designed to hold the rubber duck still without it floating away by the waves of the lake water. On the bottom of the rubber duck, there is a waterproof cable that gets the energy from a power distribution board near the lake to make the electric propeller fan work.[6] The electric propeller fan also keeps the air circulating inside of the rubber duck, so that the air always keeps the shape of the rubber duck sculpture.

Display

Since 2007, the ducks have been on display in Amsterdam, Baku, Lommel (Belgium), Osaka, Sydney Harbour, Sao Paulo, and Hong Kong.[7] It was on display in Pittsburgh as its first U.S. destination,[8] from 27 September 2013 through 20 October 2013. Over 1,000,000 people are reported to have visited the duck in Pittsburgh.[9][9] Its second United States appearance was in Norfolk, Virginia, from 17–26 May 2014, floating in The Hague inlet in front of the Chrysler Museum of Art.

In October 2014, South Korea's Lotte group asked for the giant rubber duck to celebrate the opening of the new Lotte World Mall, the country's largest shopping mall that also has a skyscraper, Lotte World Tower.[10] The tower is located between the Han River and Seokchon Lake, where the giant rubber duck was placed.[11][12] However, the duck deflated during the exhibition.[13]

In 2009, while it was on display in Belgium, vandals stabbed Rubber Duck 42 times.[15] While on display in Hong Kong in 2013, it deflated on 15 May.[14] It was re-inflated and was again on exhibition on 20 May.[15] It was damaged and deflated again in Taiwan on 2 November after an earthquake,[16] before bursting at Keelung, Taiwan, on 31 December 2013.[17] The duck was reported as having been swept away in recent floods in China.[18] On 30 September 2017, during its exhibition in Santiago, the duck accidentally crashed with a sign, tearing a hole on its structure and causing it to deflate.[19]

Censorship

{{See also|Internet censorship in China}}

On 4 June 2013, Sina Weibo, China's most popular microblog, blocked the terms "Today", "Tonight", "June 4", and "Big Yellow Duck", because Chinese activists were photoshopping the Rubber Duck sculpture into the Tank Man photo of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. If the term "Big Yellow Duck" was searched, a message would say that according to relevant laws, statutes, and policies, the results of the search could not be shown.[20]

List of locations

The Rubber Duck has made appearances in the following locations:

  • Saint-Nazaire, France, 2007 ({{convert|26||20||32|m|ft|disp=or}})[21]
  • São Paulo, Brazil, 2008 ({{convert|12||14||16|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Osaka, Japan, December 2010 ({{convert|10||11||13|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Auckland, New Zealand, February 2011 ({{convert|12||14||16|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Onomichi, Japan, 2012 ({{convert|10||11||13|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Hasselt, Belgium, July 2012 ({{convert|12||14||16|m|ft|disp=or}})[22]
  • Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, January 2013 ({{convert|13||14||15|m|ft|disp=or}})[23]
  • Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong, May 2013 ({{convert|14||15||16.5|m|ft|disp=or}})[24]
  • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, September 2013 ({{convert|14||15||16.5|m|ft|disp=or}})[25]
  • Beijing, China, September 2013 ({{convert|14||15||18|m|ft|disp=or}})[26]
  • Baku, Azerbaijan, September 2013 ({{convert|12||14||16|m|ft|disp=or}})[27]
  • Kaohsiung, Taiwan (ROC), September 2013 ({{convert|25||18||18|m|ft|disp=or}})[28][29]
  • Taoyuan, Taiwan (ROC), 26 October 2013 ({{convert|25||18||18|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Keelung, Taiwan (ROC), 20 December 2013 ({{convert|25||18||18|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Parramatta, Australia, 10–19 January 2014 ({{convert|13||14||15|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 27 April – 31 May 2014 ({{convert|22||20||16|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 17–26 May 2014 ({{convert|14||15||16.5|m|ft|disp=or}})
  • Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China, 30 May – 15 July 2014 ({{convert|25||18||18|m|ft|disp=or}})[30]
  • Los Angeles, California United States, August 2014 ({{convert|33||18||26|m|ft|disp=or}})[31]
  • Seoul, South Korea, 14 October 2014 – 14 November 2014 ({{convert|16.5||19.8||16.5|m|ft|disp=or}})[32]
  • Shanghai, PR China, 23 October 2014 – 23 November 2014[33]
  • Macau, 29 April 2016 – 27 May 2016[34]
  • Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China, July–August 2016[35]
  • Santiago and Valparaiso, Chile, 28 September 2017 – 8 October 2017[36]

Gallery

See also

  • Friendly Floatees
  • Ego Leonard

References

1. ^{{cite news|last1=Chow|first1=Vivienne|title=Florentijn Hofman, Rubber Duck artist, is man of principles|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1231024/florentijn-hofman-rubber-duck-artist-man-principles|accessdate=13 February 2018|work=South China Morning Post|date=6 May 2013}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url= http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/803337.shtml |title ='Rubber Duck' doubt |work= Global Times|author= Xiong Yuqing|date = 12 August 2013| access-date=2016-11-22}}
3. ^{{cite news|last1=Meija|first1=Carlos|title=Artist Florentijn Hofman Makes the World’s Biggest Toys|url=https://www.fatherly.com/play/activities/family-traditions-to-make-valentines-day-special/|accessdate=13 February 2018|work=Fatherly|date=15 May 2017}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ecogreenglobe.com/2012/04/25/hofmans-rubber-ducky-travels-the-world |title= Hofman's Rubber Ducky Travels the World |work=EcoGreenGlobe |date=25 April 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://hk.lifestyle.yahoo.com/6%E5%80%8B%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E4%B8%8D%E7%9F%A5%E7%9A%84rubber-duck%E8%A7%A3%E7%A2%BC-112521565.html;_ylt=AnAH5UFScqvUJl6_3qby4m6W6mJH;_ylu=X3oDMTNob2FuNWRpBG1pdANkdWNrbmV3cwRwa2cDMmY0OWY3NjctOTk2Ni0zNGRiLWE5MmYtN2E2N2FjYzRlZDFmBHBvcwMzBHNlYwNtZWdhdHJvbgR2ZXIDYTExYTM3ZTAtYWUyMS0xMWUyLWJiYjYtNDRjNWExN2FkZjkz;_ylg=X3oDMTFqY2k4Y2lnBGludGwDaGsEbGFuZwN6aC1oYW50LWhrBHBzdGFpZAMEcHN0Y2F0AwRwdANzZWN0aW9ucw--;_ylv=3|title=6個不可不知的Rubber Duck解碼|date=25 April 2013|publisher=Yahoo!|author=Sophia Sun}}
6. ^Avenuel Art Hall, Lotte Gallery. Rubber Duck Project Seoul. Seoul, 2014. Print.
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nextstophongkong.com/2013/05/first-day-of-florentijn-hofmans-rubber-duck-exhibition-in-hong-kong/|title= First Day of Florentijn Hofman's Rubber Duck Exhibition in Hong Kong}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://trustarts.culturaldistrict.org/event/6370/the-rubber-duck-bridge-party|title=The Rubber Duck Bridge Party}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/local/city/2013/10/19/Duck-marks-last-days-lovable-bird-to-be-moved-cleaned-deflated-Sunday.html|title=Duck marks last days; lovable bird to be moved, cleaned, deflated Sunday|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.moneyweek.co.kr/news/mwView.php?type=1&no=2014101415138018900&outlink=1|title=롯데월드몰 개장 기념으로 데려온 러버덕, 첫날부터 '김 샜다'|work=MoneyWeek}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=Giant rubber duck to arrive in Seoul|url=http://www.koreatimesus.com/giant-rubber-duck-to-arrive-in-seoul/|work=The Korea Times}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Lotte Invites Monster Duck To Soothe Construction Flap|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2014/10/08/lotte-invites-monster-duck-to-soothe-construction-flap |work=Wall Street Journal: Korea Realtime}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://iamkoream.com/giant-rubber-duck-goes-flat-in-seoul/|title=Giant Rubber Duck Goes Flat in Seoul}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://gbtimes.com/news/giant-rubber-duck-deflates-hong-kong|title=Giant rubber duck deflates in Hong Kong|date=15 May 2013|publisher=gbtimes.com}}
15. ^1 {{cite news|title=Fowl play? Giant rubber duck drowns in Hong Kong|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/14/travel/hong-kong-duck/index.html|access-date=27 May 2013|publisher=CNN|date=15 May 2013}}
16. ^{{cite news |title= Giant duck damaged in Taiwan earthquake |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24789539 |date= 2 November 2013 |access-date=3 November 2013}}
17. ^{{cite news|title=Giant rubber duck bursts in Taiwan|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25560771|date=31 December 2013}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-28364613|title=China: Giant yellow rubber duck swept away in flood |publisher=BBC News}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnnchile.com/noticia/2017/09/30/insolito-patito-gigante-del-parque-quinta-normal-termino-roto-y-desinflado|title=Insólito: Patito gigante del Parque Quinta Normal terminó roto y desinflado|publisher=CNN|date=30 September 2017|access-date=30 September 2017}}
20. ^{{cite news|title=Censored in China: 'Today,' 'Tonight' and 'Big Yellow Duck'|url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/04/censored-in-china-today-tonight-and-big-yellow-duck/|work= New York Times|author = Didi Kirsten Tatlow|date=4 June 2013}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=Canard de Bain St. Nazaire 2007|url=http://www.florentijnhofman.nl/dev/project.php?id=79|work=Florentijn Hofman|publisher=florentijnhofman.nl|accessdate=9 June 2013}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Rubber Duck Hasselt 2009|url=http://www.florentijnhofman.nl/dev/project.php?id=104|work=Florentijn Hofman|publisher=florentijnhofman.nl|accessdate=9 June 2013}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Rubber Duck Sydney 2013|url=http://www.florentijnhofman.nl/dev/project.php?id=190|work=Florentijn Hofman|publisher=florentijnhofman.nl|accessdate=9 June 2013}}
24. ^{{cite web|title=Rubber Duck Hong Kong 2013|url=http://www.florentijnhofman.nl/dev/project.php?id=192|work=Florentijn Hofman|publisher=florentijnhofman.nl|accessdate=9 June 2013}}
25. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/local/neighborhoods-city/giant-rubber-ducky-will-get-quacking-here-today-705115/|title=Giant rubber ducky quacking tonight in Pittsburgh|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=27 September 2013|access-date=27 September 2013}}
26. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1300252/beijing-braces-rubber-duck-mania|title=Beijing prepares for bigger, better rubber duck than Hong Kong|author=Laura Zhou|work=South China Morning Post|date=29 August 2013|access-date=30 August 2013}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yarat.az/exhibitions/43/overview/|title=YARAT Contemporary Art Space will proudly present last project of 'PARTİCİPATE' Baku Public Art Festival 'RUBBER DUCK' by a Netherlands artist Florentijn Hofman.|website=Yarat.az|access-date=16 November 2017}}
28. ^{{Cite news|url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/07/25/rubber-duck-finds-permanent-home-in-taiwan/|title=Rubber Duck Finds Permanent Home in Taiwan|work=Time|author=Olivia B. Waxman|date=25 July 2013|access-date=1 August 2013}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/24/travel/rubber-duck-taiwan/index.html?sr=fb092413rubberduck230p|title=Giant duck conquers Taiwan|author=Hiufu Wong, CNN|date=24 September 2013|publisher=CNN}}
30. ^{{Cite news|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2014-05/30/content_17552918.htm|title=Giant Rubber Duck waits in wings in Hangzhou|author=CFP|work=China Daily|date=30 May 2014|access-date=30 May 2014}}
31. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailybreeze.com/lifestyle/20140820/tall-ships-parade-giant-yellow-duck-greeted-warmly-by-thousands-along-san-pedro-waterfront |title=Tall ships parade, giant yellow duck greeted warmly by thousands along San Pedro Waterfront |access-date=25 October 2014}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://rubberduckproject.kr/|title=Rubber Duck Project Seoul|website=RubberDuckProject.kr|access-date=16 November 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110192940/http://rubberduckproject.kr/|archivedate=10 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}
33. ^{{Cite news |url=http://english.cntv.cn/2014/10/24/VIDE1414081441181720.shtml |title=Giant Rubber Duck Graces Shanghai |access-date=25 October 2014}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://rubberduckinchina.com/macau_en/|title=Macao Science Center}}
35. ^{{Cite web|url=http://en.chinaculture.org/2016-08/01/content_851368.htm |title=18-meter-high rubber duck seen in NE China |access-date=2016-09-02}}
36. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.t13.cl/noticia/nacional/tendencias/el-pato-hule-mas-grande-del-mundo-llega-chile|title=Rubber Duck: el mapa con los lugares donde podrás fotografiarte con el pato de hule|last=13|first=Tele|website=t13.cl|language=es-LA|access-date=29 September 2017}}
  1. Avenuel Art Hall, Lotte Gallery. Rubber Duck Project Seoul. Seoul, 2014. Print.
  2. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEFxQxajDPs Rubber Duck Project-Seoul, Artist visited Korea (러버덕프로젝트-서울, 방한)] Lee, Minji. "Giant rubber duck enthralls citizens despite Lotte controversy." Yonhap News 20 Oct. 2014. Web.
  3. Giant rubber duck enthralls citizens despite Lotte controversy Rubberdcukproject Seoul. "Rubber Duck Project-Seoul, Artist visited Korea." Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube, 31 Oct. 2014. Web. 4 Mar. 2016.

External links

{{Commons category|Rubber Duck by Florentijn Hofman}}
  • Rubber Duck Osaka 2009
  • Rubber Duck Hong Kong 2013
  • Hong Kong Harbour City: Rubber Duck Project - HK Tour
  • Timable Event: Rubber Duck Project HK Tour
  • The Seoul Rubber Duck Project: An Ideological Dichotomy
  • Tolo Toys Classic Bath Duck

5 : 2007 sculptures|Animal sculptures|Fictional ducks|Birds in art|Works by Dutch people
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