| 词条 | Salam (newspaper) |
| 释义 |
| name = Salam | logo = | image = | caption = | type = Daily newspaper | format = | owners = | founder = | publisher = Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha | editor = | chiefeditor = | assoceditor = | maneditor = | newseditor = | managingeditordesign = | campuseditor = | campuschief = | opeditor = | sportseditor = | photoeditor = | staff = | foundation = 9 February 1991 | political = Reformist Liberal | language = Persian | ceased publication = July 1999 | headquarters = {{flagicon|Iran}} Tehran, Iran | circulation = | sister newspapers = | ISSN = | oclc = | website = }} Salam (in Persian سلام lit. Salute) was a Persian newspaper published in Iran. It was very influential publication in the country during its brief existence from 1991 to 1999. History and profileSalam was established by a group of reformist people attached to the Association of Combatant Clerics on 9 February 1991.[1][2] The name of the paper was given by Ahmad Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini's son.[2] It was the first reformist daily published following the Islamic revolution in Iran.[2] The paper, based in Tehran,[3] became one of the most read dailies in the country soon after its launch.[1][4]The publisher of Salam was Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha[5][6] and remained in the post until 1999 when it was disestablished.[7] In addition to quality editorials, it provided investigative articles about financial scandals.[1] In fact, it was among the first newspapers in the country dealing with injustice and corruption.[4] The paper also included a special section, in which readers wrote their comments or raised questions.[8] The daily was anti-American and had social democrat[9] and liberal stances.[10] It criticized Ali Akbar Rafsanjani while he was serving as the President[9] and advocated the next President Mohammad Khatami during his election champaign.[11][12] One of the editor-in-chiefs of the daily was Ibrahim Abedi.[13] Abbas Abdi also served in the post.[14][15] Bans and closureAbbas Abdi, editor-in-chief of Salam, was jailed for eight months in 1993 for his critical writings published in the paper.[16][17][18] On 7 July 1999 Salam was temporarily banned by the Special Court for the Clergy following its publication of a secret ministry report.[11][5] This incident led to six-day student demonstrations in Tehran.[19] On 4 August the paper was banned for five years and its publisher, Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha, was banned from journalistic activity for three years.[20][21] See alsoList of newspapers in IranReferences1. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Hossein Shahidi|title=Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MLLywtI-_n0C&pg=PA47|date=11 May 2007|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-09391-5|page=47}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Salam}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|author1=Muhammad Sahimi|title=The Iranian Student Uprising of 1999: 14 Years Later|url=http://muftah.org/the-iranian-student-uprising-of-1999-14-years-later/#.VBLMJC5_sX4|publisher=Muftah|accessdate=12 September 2014|date=14 July 2013}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=David Menashri|title=Post-revolutionary Politics in Iran: Religion, Society, and Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5ys1_DjhtYC&pg=PA326|accessdate=23 September 2014|date=January 2001|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-7146-5074-6|page=326}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Hossein Shahidi|title=From Mission to Profession: Journalism in Iran, 1979–2004|journal=Iranian Studies|date=March 2006|volume=39|issue=1|doi=10.1080/00210860500470177 |url=http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=011a89bd-7975-4cf6-a13e-8481f46dcf3b%40sessionmgr4005&vid=0&hid=4108|accessdate=28 October 2014}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Assault on Independent Press in Iran Intensifies|url=http://iranian.com/News/1999/July/press4.html|work=The Iranian|accessdate=12 October 2013|date=28 July 1999}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Iran: media and the message|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Iran%3A+media+and+the+message.-a015353089|accessdate=27 January 2014|work=The Middle East|date=1 April 1994|author=Peter Feuilherade}} 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Güneş Murat Tezcür|title=Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey: The Paradox of Moderation|date=2010|publisher=University of Texas Press|location=Austin, TX|page=120|url=https://www.questia.com/read/120791618/muslim-reformers-in-iran-and-turkey-the-paradox|accessdate=23 November 2014}}{{Subscription required|via=Questia}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Iran's regional policy: between radicalism and pragmatism|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Iran's+regional+policy%3A+between+radicalism+and+pragmatism.-a0163199298|work=Journal of International Affairs|accessdate=27 January 2014|author=David Menashri|year=22 March 2007}} 9. ^1 {{cite book|author=Ray Takeyh|title=Guardians of the Revolution: Iran and the World in the Age of the Ayatollahs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TAPs_r81AqQC&pg=PA121|date=28 April 2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-979313-6|page=121}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=God's will. Iranian democracy and the Islamic context|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/GOD'S+WILL%3A+IRANIAN+DEMOCRACY+AND+THE+ISLAMIC+CONTEXT.-a067532598|accessdate=27 January 2014|newspaper=Middle East Policy|date=1 October 2000|author=Ray Takeyh}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|title=Iran closes down newspaper|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/388635.stm|work=BBC|accessdate=12 October 2013|date=7 July 1999}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=The Political Affiliations of Iranian Newspapers|url=http://iranmediaresearch.org/en/system/files/the_political_affiliations_of_iranian_newspapers.pdf?download=1|work=ASL19|accessdate=12 October 2013|author=Shahram Rafizadeh|author2=Mahsa Alimardani|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928091326/http://iranmediaresearch.org/en/system/files/the_political_affiliations_of_iranian_newspapers.pdf?download=1|archivedate=28 September 2013|df=dmy-all}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=When Iran Hedges Closer, US Pushes Away|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1995/0407/07061.html/(page)/2|accessdate=12 October 2013|work=The Christian Science Monitor|date=7 April 1995|author=Lamis Andoni}} 14. ^{{cite journal|author=A. W. Samii|title=The Contemporary Iranian News Media, 1998-1999+|journal=Middle East Review of International Affairs|date=December 1999|volume=4|issue=4|url=http://www.gloria-center.org/meria/1999/12/samii.pdf|accessdate=11 October 2013}} 15. ^{{cite journal|author=Gholam Khiabany|author2=Annabelle Sreberny |title=The Iranian Press and the Continuing Struggle Over Civil Society 1998-2000|journal=International Communication Gazette|year=2001|volume=63|issue=2-3|url=http://gaz.sagepub.com/content/63/2-3/203|accessdate=27 December 2013}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Iran's Political Elite|url=http://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/irans-political-elite|work=United States Institute of Peace|accessdate=12 October 2013|author=Mehrzad Boroujerdi|author2=Kourosh Rahimkhani }} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Iran's Most Wanted|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2009/08/03/irans-most-wanted.html|accessdate=12 October 2013|newspaper=The Daily Beast|date=3 August 2009|author=Reza Aslan}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Human Rights Watch World Report 1995 [Iran-Human Rights Developments]|url=http://www.sullivan-county.com/id3/bahai.htm|work=Bahai News|accessdate=6 September 2014}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Iran Tightens Crackdown on Reformist Publications|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/25/news/25iht-iran.2.t_8.html|accessdate=18 October 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=25 April 2000|author=Geneive Abdo|location=Tehran}} 20. ^Attacks on the Press 1999: Iran Committee to Protect Journalists March 2000 21. ^{{cite journal|author2=Shabanali Bahrampour|title=Iranian Press Update|journal=Middle East Research and Information Project|date=Fall 1999|volume=29|url=http://www.merip.org/mer/mer212/iranian-press-update|accessdate=12 October 2013|author1=Ramin Karimian}} 8 : 1991 establishments in Iran|1999 disestablishments in Iran|Defunct newspapers of Iran|Media in Tehran|Newspapers published in Iran|Persian-language newspapers|Publications established in 1991|Publications disestablished in 1999 |
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