| 词条 | Santa Maria delle Penitenti |
| 释义 |
| building_name = Santa Maria delle Penitenti | image = Santa Maria delle Penitenti (Venice).jpg | caption = Church facade. | image_size = | location = Venice, Italy | coordinates = {{coord|45.44671|12.31927|type:landmark_region:IT|format=dms|display=title,inline}} | map_type = Venezia#Italy | religious_affiliation =Roman Catholic | rite = | province = Venice | district = | consecration_year = | website = | architecture = | architect = | architecture_type = | architecture_style = | facade_direction = | groundbreaking = | year_completed = | construction_cost = | specifications = | capacity = | length = | width = | width_nave = | height_max = | dome_quantity = | dome_height_outer = | dome_height_inner = | dome_dia_outer = | dome_dia_inner = | spire_quantity = | spire_height = | materials = }} The church of Santa Maria delle Penitenti, is part of a large complex: Pio Loco delle Penitenti, located on the canal Cannaregio, near its exit to the lagoon facing Mestre, in the Northwest edge of Venice, Italy. It gained its name as a charitable institution providing an alternative life to former prostitutes, akin to a Magdalene asylum. HistoryVenice, like many large and well-traveled cities in Europe, had a substantial population of women engaged in prostitution. Because reversion to the typical family life was improbable, most of the institutions created to minister these women created a retreat from the outside world. The Pio Loco delle Penitenti in 1745 stated that its goal was to:[1] support poor penitent women, instituted under the invocation of the Blessed Virgin, and with the patronage of the Patriarch San Lorenzo Giustinian, for their redemption from the clutches of the devil. In 1357, an institution was established in the somewhat isolated island of Santi Cristoforo e Onorio; but the outfit closed a few years later.[2] By the 16th-century, the monastery of Santa Maria Maddalena had been erected in the island of Giudecca, but this convent was under the strict Order of St Augustine, and many women were not amenable to that cloistered lifestyle, which included vows of silence.[3] In 1703, the Venetian patriarch, later cardinal, Giovanni Badoer gained approval of the Council of Ten to create this charitable institution. In this regard, he was helped by the funding of aristocrat Elisabetta Rossi and the drive of priest Rinaldo Bellini, member of the Oratorian Order of St Phillip Neri.[4] The creation of more secular institutions of the faithful was also more aligned with the Oratorian aims. For a few years, the charity was housed in Castello, but by 1705 had moved to this site, on the bank across from the church of San Giobbe. A donation in 1725 by the noblewoman Marina Priuli da Lezze, allowed construction to expand.[5][6] Among further donors over the next century are the Patriarch Piero Barbarigo, noblewoman Marina Nani Donado, Gaetano De Menego, and Gaspare Caffre.[7] The rules of the institution required the entrants to be between 12 and 30 years, living in Venice at least a year, healthy in mind and body, not pregnant, and have withdrawn from prostitution for at least three months. With Napoleonic rule, this institution was suppressed and the inhabitants moved to the Ospissio del Socorso in Dorsoduro. The building served after the war to house women fleeing from areas formerly under Italian occupation in Africa and Yugoslavia.[8] The complex consists of a church, located on the canal, and two lengthy wings housing the women with two interior courtyards. The original design was completed by Giorgio Massari by 1725. The wings were completed in three stories from 1730-1738, but the church facade was never completed and superior portions remain in brick.[9] The buildings are presently under restoration, with plans to create a hospice for the elderly.[10] References1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=a6pAAQAAMAAJ La beneficenza veneziana], by Alberto Stelio de Kiriaki, page 283. {{DEFAULTSORT:Maria delle Penitenti}}2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=JX85AAAAcAAJ Almanacco per le provincie sogette al I. R. governo di Venezia: per l'anno 1842]; Presso Francesco Andreola, Venezia page 404. 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=PexMAAAAcAAJ Memoria sui luoghi pii e sulle confraternite laiche di Venezia]; By Luigi Perotti, page 45-46. 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=zJkSAAAAYAAJ Notizie storiche delle chiese e monasteri di Venezia, e di Torcello]; by Flaminio Cornaro, page 336. 5. ^Venezia Museo website. 6. ^Urban File report, July 22, 2013, with many photographs of the site. 7. ^Perotti page 46. 8. ^Venezia Museo website. 9. ^Venezia Museo website. 10. ^Comune of Venice, report from 2009. 4 : Churches in Venice|Magdalene asylums|16th-century Roman Catholic church buildings|Buildings and structures in Venice |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。