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词条 Teth
释义

  1. Origins

  2. Arabic ṭāʾ

  3. Hebrew Tet

     Hebrew pronunciation  Significance 

  4. Similar symbols

  5. Character encodings

  6. References

  7. External links

{{about|the Semitic letter|the 5th-century Cornish saint also known as Teth|Saint Tetha}}{{Phoenician glyph|letname=Tet|previouslink=Heth|previousletter=Het|nextlink=Yodh|nextletter=Yodh|archar={{lang|ar|ط}}|sychar=ܛ|hechar={{Hebrew|ט}}|amchar=teth|gechar=ጠ|phchar=teth|grchar=Θ|lachar=-|cychar=Ѳ|ipa=tˤ|num=9|gem=9}}

Teth, also written as {{Transl|sem|Ṭēth}} or Tet, is the ninth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Ṭēt , Hebrew Ṭēt {{Hebrew|ט}}, Aramaic Ṭēth , Syriac Ṭēṯ ܛ, and Arabic {{Transl|ar|DIN|Ṭāʾ}} {{lang|ar|ط}}. It is 16th in modern Arabic order. The Persian ṭa is pronounced as a hard "t" sound and is the 19th letter in the modern Persian alphabet. The Phoenician letter also gave rise to the Greek theta ({{lang|el|Θ}}), originally an aspirated voiceless alveolar stop but now used for the voiceless dental fricative.

The sound value of Teth is {{IPAslink|tˤ}}, one of the Semitic emphatic consonants.

Origins

The Phoenician letter name {{Transl|sem|ṭēth}} means "wheel", but the letter possibly (according to Brian Colless{{cn|date=November 2017}}) continues a Middle Bronze Age glyph named {{Transl|sem|ṭab}} "good", Tav in Aramaic and Tov {{Hebrew|טוב}} in Hebrew, ṭayyib {{lang|ar|طَيّب}} in modern Arabic, based on the nfr "good" hieroglyph:

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Jewish scripture books about the "holy letters" from the 10th century and on discuss the connection or origin of the letter Teth with the word Tov,[1] and the acrostic poems of the Bible use 'Tov' to depict the letter.[2]

Arabic ṭāʾ

The letter is named {{transl|ar|ALA-LC|ṭāʾ }}; Modern Standard Arabic pronunciation: {{IPA|/tˤ/}}.

{{Arabic alphabet shapes|ط}}

Hebrew Tet

Orthographic variants
Serif sans-Serif MonospacedCursive
Hebrew
Rashi
script
טטט

The Hebrew spelling of name of the letter: {{Hebrew|טֵית}}

Hebrew pronunciation

In Modern Hebrew, Tet represents a voiceless alveolar plosive {{IPA|/t/}}, although this can be pharyngealized to produce {{IPA|[tˤ]}} in traditional Temani and Sephardi pronunciation.

Significance

In gematria, Tet represents the number nine. When followed by an apostrophe, it means 9,000. The most common example of this usage is in the numbers of the Hebrew years (e.g., {{Hebrew|ט'תשנד}} in numbers would be the date 9754).

As well, in gematria, the number 15 is written with Tet and Vav, (9+6) to avoid the normal construction Yud and Hei (10+5) which spells a name of God. Similarly, 16 is written with Tet and Zayin (9+7) instead of Yud and Vav (10+6) to avoid spelling part of the Tetragrammaton.

Tet is also one of the seven letters which receive special crowns (called tagin) when written in a Sefer Torah. See Shin, Ayin, Gimmel, Nun, Zayin, and Tzadi.

Similar symbols

A symbol similar to the Phoenician teth is used for the tensor product, as , but this is presumably an independent development, by modification of the multiplication sign ×. The Hebrew {{Hebrew|ט}} is also visually similar to the letter Ʋ.

Character encodings

{{charmap
|05D8|name1=Hebrew Letter Tet
|0637|name2=Arabic Letter Tah
|071B|name3=Syriac Letter Teth
|0808|name4=Samaritan Letter Tit
}}{{charmap
|10389|name1=Ugaritic Letter Tet
|10848|name2=Imperial Aramaic Letter Teth
|10908|name3=Phoenician Letter Tet
}}

References

1. ^This was especially emphasized ever since the late 1600s after the Baal Shem Tov became influential, since the letter Teth was in his Acronym standing for Tov, and goodness was part of his philosophy.
2. ^e.g. Psalm 119:65-72

External links

{{commonscat|ט}}{{Hebrew language}}{{Arabic language}}{{Northwest Semitic abjad}}

3 : Phoenician alphabet|Arabic letters|Hebrew alphabet

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