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词条 Serbian national identity
释义

  1. See also

  2. References

  3. Further reading

Serbia is the nation state of the Serbs, who are Serbia's dominant ethnic group. Serbs are also dominant in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the 19th century, the Serbian national identity was manifested, with awareness of history and tradition, medieval heritage, cultural unity, despite Serbs living under different empires. Three elements, together with the legacy of the Nemanjić dynasty, were crucial in forging identity and preservation during foreign domination: the Serbian Orthodox Church, Kosovo Myth, and the Serbian language.[1] The identification with medieval heritage through venerating Serbian saints, together with Serbian epic poetry, had helped develop a national consciousness separate from other Orthodox peoples in the Balkans.[2] The heroic epic cycles inspired the Serbs to revive their heroic past and freedom.[2] In the stories, the hajduks were heroes: they had played the role of the Serbian elite during Ottoman rule, they had defended the Serbs against Ottoman oppression, and prepared for the national liberation and contributed to it in the Serbian Revolution.[3] The symbolical Kosovo Myth became the mythomoteur, signifying martyrdom and defence of Serb honour and Christendom against Turks (Muslims).[4] When the Principality of Serbia gained independence from the Ottoman Empire, Orthodoxy became crucial in defining the national identity, instead of language which was shared by other South Slavs (Croats and Muslims).[5]

The Cyrillic script is an important symbol of Serbian identity.[6] Under the Constitution of Serbia of 2006, Serbian Cyrillic is the only script in official use;[7] it is also co-official in Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina.[8] The double-headed eagle and the shield with fire steels are the main heraldic symbols which have represented the national identity of the Serbian people across the centuries.[9]

An international self-esteem survey conducted on 16,998 people from 53 nations was published by the American Psychological Association in 2005;[10] the questionnaire included views of one's individual personality, that of one's own nation and that of other nations. The research found that Serbia was placed first of the most self-esteemed nation, ahead of the United States (6th), and Japan (last place), and the majority of nations, as well as Serbs themselves, agreed on this.[11] The research also noted that Serbia was among the 10 most collectivist nations.[10]

See also

  • Serbian Revival
  • Serbian nationalism
  • Symbols of Serbia
  • Serbian Question

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Ana S. Trbovich|title=A Legal Geography of Yugoslavia's Disintegration|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ojur7dVoxIcC&pg=PA69|year=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press, USA|isbn=978-0-19-533343-5|pages=69–}}
2. ^1 {{cite book|author=Alex N. Dragnich|title=Serbia's Historical Heritage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OW5pAAAAMAAJ|year=1994|publisher=East European Monographs|isbn=978-0-88033-244-6|pages=29–30}}
3. ^{{cite book|author1=Edited by Norman M. Naimarkand Holly Case|author2=Norman M. Naimark|title=Yugoslavia and Its Historians: Understanding the Balkan Wars of the 1990s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u5tUbUyXtToC&pg=PA25|year=2003|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-8029-2|pages=25–}}
4. ^{{cite book|last=Stoianovich|first=Traian|title=Balkan Worlds: The First and Last Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kxKBMhz3e7AC&pg=PA303|date=1 January 1994|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=978-0-7656-3851-9|page=303}}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Christopher Catherwood|title=Why the Nations Rage: Killing in the Name of God|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jU3KZElALn0C&pg=PA135|date=1 January 2002|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7425-0090-7|pages=135–}}
6. ^{{cite book|title=Entangled Histories of the Balkans: Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FGmJqMflYgoC&pg=PA414|date=13 June 2013|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-25076-5|pages=414–}}
7. ^Article 10 of the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia (English version {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314172414/http://www.parlament.gov.rs/content/eng/akta/ustav/ustav_1.asp |date=2011-03-14 }})
8. ^{{cite book|author=Ronelle Alexander|title=Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, a Grammar: With Sociolinguistic Commentary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6HTdZ5rxJ-cC|date=15 August 2006|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-21193-6|pages=1–2}}
9. ^{{cite document|last=Atlagić|first=Marko|year=2009|title=Određivanje nacionalnih heraldičkih simbola na primjeru Srba i Hrvata [Étude des symboles nationaux héraldiques à l' exemple des Serbes et des Croates]|work=Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Prištini, no. 39, pp. 179–188|url=http://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0354-3293/2009/0354-32930939179A.pdf|page=180}}
10. ^1 {{cite journal|author1=David P. Schmitt|author2=Jüri Allik|journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology|year=2005|volume=89|issue=4|url=https://bradley.academia.edu/DavidSchmitt/Papers/75079/ISDP_Self-Esteem|title=Simultaneous Administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 Nations: Exploring the Universal and Culture-Specific Features of Global Self-Esteem|doi=10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.623|pmid=16287423|pages=623–642}}
11. ^{{cite web|author=Kurir, Mondo|publisher=B92|title=Istraživanje:Srbi narod najhrabriji|date=20 August 2012|url=http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2012&mm=08&dd=20&nav_category=206&nav_id=636048}}

Further reading

  • {{cite journal|last=Alexander|first=Stella|title=Religion and national identity in Yugoslavia|journal=Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe|volume=3|issue=1|year=1983|pp=2–}}
  • {{cite journal|last=Budding|first=Audrey Helfant|title=Yugoslavs into Serbs: Serbian national identity, 1961–1971|journal=Nationalities Papers|volume=25|issue=3|pages=407–426|year=1997|doi=10.1080/00905999708408515}}
  • {{citation|last=Cvetković|first=Vladimir N.|year=2002|title=Nacionalni identitet i (re) konstrukcija institucija u Srbiji (ideologije, obrazovanje, mediji)|url=https://instifdt.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/V.Cvetkovic-2002-1.pdf}}
  • {{cite journal|last=Janjić|first=Dušan|title=The Management of Ethnic Conflict and the Crisis of National Identity|journal=Ethnic Conflict Management. The Case of Yugoslavia|year=1997|pp=171–193}}
  • {{cite document|last=Jovanović|first=Dejan|year=2015|title=DUALNA PRIRODA SRPSKOG NACIONALNOG IDENTITETA|work=Politički identitet Srbije u globalnom i regionalnom kontekstu|publisher=Univerzitet u Beogradu. Fakultet političkih nauka|location=Belgrade|pp=55–60|url=http://www.fpn.bg.ac.rs/sites/default/files/publikacije/politicki_identitet_srbije_u_globalnom_i_regionalnom_kontekstu_za_stampu.pdf}}
  • {{cite journal|last=Jovanović|first=Ana Kuzmanović|title=Preserving the Integrity of National Identity: Metaphors for Kosovo in Serbian Political Discourse|journal=Texas Linguistics Forum|volume=54|year=2011}}
  • {{cite book|last=Mylonas|first=Christos|title=Serbian Orthodox fundamentals: The quest for an eternal identity|publisher=Central European University Press|year=2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=06d_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|isbn=9789639241619}}
  • {{cite journal|last=Nedeljković|first=Saša|title=Mit, religija i nacionalni identitet: Mitologizacija u Srbiji u periodu nacionalne krize|journal=Етноантрополошки проблеми|year=2006|pp=155–179|url=https://www.anthroserbia.org/content/pdf/articles/nedeljkovic_mitologizacija.pdf}}
  • {{cite journal|last=Radenović|first=Sandra|title=Nacionalni identitet, etnicitet, (kritička) kultura sećanja|journal=Filozofija I Društvo|volume=3|issue=31|year=2006}}
  • {{cite journal|last1=Miketić|first1=Sanja D.|last2=Baščarević|first2=Ivan M.|title=Ćirilica kao obeležje nacionalnog identiteta kod studentske populacije Univerziteta u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici|journal=Zbornik Radova Filozofskog Fakulteta U Prištini|volume=46|issue=1|pages=49–65|year=2016|doi=10.5937/zrffp46-10800}}

7 : National identities|Serbian culture|Serbian society|Serbian nationalism|19th century in Serbia|20th century in Serbia|History of the Serbs
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